Upangiri Wamtheradi kwa Opanga Ma Hydraulic Fittings mu 2025

Msika wopangira ma hydraulic fittings wafika pachimake chovuta kwambiri mu 2025, pomwe bizinesiyo imakhala yamtengo wapatali $2.5 biliyoni ndipo ikuyembekezeka kukula pa 6% CAGR pazaka khumi. Kukula uku kumayambira kuchulukitsidwa kwa anthu m'magawo onse omanga, ulimi, mafakitale opanga zinthu  zomwe zimafuna kulondola komanso kudalirika.

Bukuli limapereka zinthu zinayi zofunika kwa mainjiniya ndi akatswiri ogula zinthu: (1) njira zotsimikiziridwa zowunikira opanga, (2) mndandanda wafupipafupi wa opanga omwe ali ndi mbiri yatsatanetsatane, (3) zida ndi mfundo zaukadaulo zaukadaulo, ndi (4) njira zothandiza zopezera ndi njira zotsimikizira za ogulitsa.

Momwe Mungasankhire Wopanga Ma Hydraulic Fittings

Kusankha wopanga zopangira ma hydraulic hydraulic kumafuna njira yowunikira yomwe imayang'anira ubwino, mtengo, ndi chiopsezo chogwiritsira ntchito. Kusankha kolakwika kungayambitse kulephera kwadongosolo, kutsika mtengo, ndi kusokoneza miyezo yachitetezo.

Magulu ogula zinthu mwanzeru amayang'ana pazipilala zitatu zofunika kwambiri zowunikira: kutsimikizira kwabwino ndi njira zotsatirira, kulumikizana kwaukadaulo, ndi mtengo wonse wa kusanthula umwini. Njirayi imachepetsa chiopsezo chachikulu cha kulephera koyenera pamene ikukwaniritsa bwino ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali.

Ndondomeko yotsatirayi yatsimikiziridwa m'magawo angapo a mafakitale, kuyambira pakupanga zinthu zoponderezedwa kwambiri mpaka kumayendedwe olondola azamlengalenga. Makampani monga Ruihua Hardware amawonetsa utsogoleri wamakampani pochita bwino pazipilala zonse zitatu kudzera mu kasamalidwe kabwino kabwino, mayankho aluso a makasitomala, ndi kudalirika kotsimikizika komwe kwapangitsa kuti azindikiridwe ngati ogulitsa omwe amakonda pakati pa opanga Fortune 500.

Quality, Certification, and Traceability mu Hydraulic Fittings

Zitsimikizo zapamwamba zimakhala ngati maziko ogulira odalirika a hydraulic fitting. Zitsimikizo zovomerezeka zikuphatikiza ISO 9001 (kasamalidwe kabwino), ISO 14001 (kasamalidwe ka chilengedwe), ISO 45001 (umoyo ndi chitetezo pantchito), kuphatikiza malipoti a mayeso a TUV ndi BV otsimikizira kukakamizidwa komanso kutsimikizika kwazinthu.

Kulephera kokwanira kumatha kuwonongera ntchito zamafakitale $1,000-$10,000 pa ola limodzi mu nthawi yopuma, kupangitsa chitsimikizo chapamwamba kukhala chosakanizika. Kukhazikitsa kotsogola kwamakampani a Ruihua Hardware kwa 100% batch traceability system kudachepetsa modabwitsa 50% paziwongola dzanja pa FY 2023-2024, kuwonetsa kufunikira kwa njira yawo yoyendetsera bwino yomwe imayika chizindikiro pamakampani.

Mndandanda wofunikira wotsimikizira khalidwe:

• ISO 9001: Chitsimikizo cha 2015 chokhala ndi zovomerezeka zamakono

• Malipoti a mayeso a Material (MTR) pa batch iliyonse

• Ziphaso zoyeserera zoyeserera kuchokera ku ma lab ovomerezeka

• Kutsata manambala a seri kuti muzitha kutsata

• Kuyesa kupopera mchere wamchere (ASTM B117) pakukana dzimbiri

• Malipoti oyendera ma dimensional ndi kutsimikizira kulolerana

Mayeso a Pressure, Miyezo ya Ulusi, ndi Kusankha Njira Zosindikizira

Kugwirizana kwa ulusi ndi kusankha njira yosindikizira kumakhudza mwachindunji kudalirika kwa dongosolo ndi zofunika kukonza. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya ulusi imaphatikizapo BSPP (British Standard Pipe Parallel), NPT (National Pipe Thread), JIC (Joint Industry Council), ndi ulusi wa metric, iliyonse yokonzedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ndi milingo yachigawo.

Zakuthupi	Pressure Range (PSI)	Kutentha (°F)	Mapulogalamu Okhazikika
Chitsulo cha Carbon	3,000-10,000	- 40 mpaka 200	General mafakitale, mafoni zipangizo
316 Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri	5,000-15,000	-100 mpaka 800	Chakudya kalasi, mankhwala processing
Mkuwa	1,500-3,000	- 65 mpaka 400	Low-pressure pneumatic, madzi machitidwe

Njira zosindikizira zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi ntchito: Zisindikizo za O-ring zimapereka ntchito yodalirika pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, zitsulo zachitsulo ndi zitsulo zimapambana kwambiri m'madera otentha kwambiri, ndipo zisindikizo za elastomeric zimapereka njira zotsika mtengo pazochitika zamakampani. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa  kuti kukakamizidwa kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi mtengo wazinthu komanso zovuta zopanga.

Nthawi Zotsogola, Kusintha Mwamakonda a OEM, ndi Mtengo Wonse wa Mwini

Kuwongolera nthawi yotsogola kumafuna kulosera koyenera komanso kulinganiza zinthu mwanzeru. Opanga omwe ali ndi njira zolosera zamphamvu komanso kuthekera kosinthika kopanga amatha kuyankha pazomwe zikufunika mwachangu kwinaku akusunga ndalama.

Kuthekera kwa makonda kumatanthawuza kwambiri zomwe opanga amapanga. Makina otsogola a CNC okhala ndi 3-axis kapena kupitilira apo, kuphatikiza kupanga zowonjezera zopangira ma prototyping, kumathandizira kutukuka kwa mayankho okhudzana ndi ntchito. Kuthekera uku kumachepetsa nthawi yogulitsa zida zatsopano.

Mtengo wonse wa umwini umapitilira mtengo wogulira kuti uphatikizepo kutsika kwadongosolo, zofunikira pakukonza, komanso kubwereza pafupipafupi. Kusanthula kwamakampani kukuwonetsa  kuti kusunga zida zoyambira zama hydraulic kumafuna ndalama za $60,000-$80,000. Kuwerengera kwa TCO: Mtengo Wogula + (Nthawi Yotsika × Mlingo Wolephera) + (Nyengo Yokonza × Mafupipafupi a Utumiki) = Mtengo Wowona Wadongosolo.

Chidule cha zofunikira zowunikira:

• Machitidwe ovomerezeka a khalidwe labwino

• Kuthamanga koyenera ndi kugwirizana kwa ulusi

• Nthawi zotsogola zenizeni ndi chithandizo chazinthu

• Kuthekera kosinthika kwamapulogalamu apadera

• Kusanthula ndalama zonse

Opanga Odziwika Kwambiri Opangira Zopangira ndi Ma Adapter

Kuwunika kwa opanga uku kumatengera ziphaso zopezeka pagulu, ma metric omwe amapangidwira, mbiri yaukadaulo waukadaulo, ndi kuwunika kwamakasitomala pafupifupi 4.0/5 kapena kupitilira apo. Makampani amaperekedwa kutengera luso lawo labwino, luso, komanso kukhutira kwamakasitomala.

Ruihua Hardware

Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1995, Ruihua Hardware ndi mtsogoleri wamakampani omwe amagwira ntchito kuchokera kumalo opangira 18,000 m² omwe amapanga ma SKU opitilira 40,000 okhala ndi ziphaso za ISO, BV, ndi TUV. Kampaniyo yadziwikiratu chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kosinthira mwachangu ndikutumiza kwamasiku 7 kotsogola ndikusunga kulekerera kwapamwamba kwa 0.05mm pamizere yonse yazogulitsa.

Ubwino wapadera wa Ruihua wampikisano umaphatikizapo malaibulale awo athunthu a CAD kuti aphatikizidwe pompopompo, mfundo zosinthika za MOQ zothandizira ma prototype ndi ma voliyumu opanga, komanso maukonde ambiri ogawa padziko lonse lapansi omwe akuwonetsetsa kupezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Dongosolo lawo lotsogola la batch traceability limapereka mndandanda wathunthu wazinthu kuchokera kuzinthu zopangira mpaka kuphatikizira komaliza, ndikukhazikitsa mulingo wamakampani otsimikizira zabwino.

Maumboni amakasitomala nthawi zonse amawunikira chithandizo chapadera cha Ruihua komanso ntchito yodalirika yobweretsera. Mmodzi wamkulu wopanga magalimoto adanenanso za kutsika kochititsa chidwi kwa 40% kwa nthawi zotsogola zogulira pambuyo posinthira ku pulogalamu yofananira ya Ruihua, pomwe adakwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba yomwe idaposa momwe amagulitsira kale.

Atsogoleri Apadziko Lonse mu Hydraulic Fittings ndi Adapter

Parker Hannifin amagwira ntchito m'maiko 45+ okhala ndi Fortune 250, akupereka mayankho amtundu wa hydraulic kuphatikiza ma IoT-ready smart couplings kuti agwiritse ntchito zolosera.

Eaton Corporation imapereka makina ophatikizika amagetsi amadzimadzi omwe amayang'ana kwambiri mphamvu zamagetsi komanso kutsata chilengedwe, misika yazamlengalenga, mafakitale, ndi zida zam'manja kudzera pamanetiweki ogawa.

Gulu la Stauff limayang'anira zida zama hydraulic ndi zida zoyesera, zomwe zimapereka mayankho pakuwunika kwamakina ndi kukhathamiritsa kukhathamiritsa pamafakitale ndi mafoni.

Akatswiri Achigawo ndi Niche Innovators

Jiayuan Hydraulics imayang'ana kwambiri ntchito zopanikizika kwambiri zokhala ndi midadada yapadera yochulukirapo komanso misonkhano yama hydraulic, kusunga chiphaso cha ISO 9001 ndikutumikira makamaka misika yaku Asia yokhala ndi mitengo yopikisana.

Kampani ya Topa imapanga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zosapanga dzimbiri zopangira mankhwala ndi kukonza zakudya, zokhala ndi zida zogwirizana ndi FDA komanso chithandizo chapadera chapamwamba pazofunikira zaukhondo.

Sannke Precision imapanga zokometsera zokhala ndi makina olondola azamlengalenga ndi chitetezo, yokhala ndi certification ya AS9100 ndikukhazikika pazinthu zakunja kuphatikiza Inconel ndi titaniyamu alloys.

Fitsch imapereka mayankho othamangitsidwa mwachangu pazida zam'manja, zokhala ndi njira zodzitetezera zokhala ndi zovomerezeka komanso zozindikiritsa zamitundu kuti zithandizire chitetezo chogwira ntchito.

Mitundu Yoyenera, Zida, ndi Miyezo Yogwiritsa Ntchito Pamafakitale

Kuyenerera koyenera komanso kusankha kwazinthu kumatsimikizira chitetezo chadongosolo, kutsata malamulo, ndikuchita bwino pamachitidwe osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana. Kumvetsetsa zofunikira za taxonomy kumalepheretsa zolakwika zamtengo wapatali komanso zochitika zachitetezo.

Magawo oyambira:

• Zopangira ma hose: zolumikizira zosinthika zamapulogalamu amphamvu

• Zopangira ma chubu: zolumikizira zolimba zamayimidwe osasunthika

• Ma adapter apadera: njira zothetsera zosowa zapadera za mawonekedwe

Zosakaniza Zabwino Kwambiri ndi Ma Adapter Pakupanga

Malo opangira makina apamwamba kwambiri amafunikira njira zolimba, zotsika mtengo zomwe zimakongoletsedwa pamisonkhano yanthawi zonse. Zitsulo za kaboni JIC 37 ° flare zimapatsa magwiridwe antchito komanso mtengo wake, pomwe malekezero otha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito amachepetsa ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito nthawi yayitali.

Mtundu Wokwanira	Pressure Rating	Mtengo wamtengo	Mapulogalamu Abwino Kwambiri
Carbon Steel JIC	6,000 PSI	$1.20-$3.00	General kupanga
Stainless JIC	10,000 PSI	$4.50-$8.00	Kukonza chakudya/mankhwala
High-Pressure SAE	15,000 PSI	$9.00-$12.00	Mafakitale olemera

Zosankha zonyamula zambiri za Ruihua Hardware zimapereka phindu lapadera ndi 15-25% yochepetsera mtengo pamapulogalamu apamwamba kwambiri, kwinaku akusunga gawo lawo lotsogola pamakampani awo kudzera pamakina apamwamba kwambiri omwe amapereka chiwongolero chapamwamba.

Zosakaniza Zabwino Kwambiri ndi Ma Adapter Ogwiritsa Ntchito Kumafakitale

Malo akumafakitale owononga kapena kutentha kwambiri amafuna zida zapadera ndi zokutira. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 316L chimapereka kukana kwa dzimbiri kwapamwamba, pomwe plating ya zinki-nickel imakulitsa moyo wautumiki munthawi zovuta.

Malo akuluakulu opangira zakumwa adakhazikitsa zopangira zakudya zosapanga dzimbiri m'mizere yawo yonse yopanga, ndikukwaniritsa nthawi yopitilira 99.8% m'miyezi 18 ndikusunga zofunikira zotsatiridwa ndi FDA. Mtengo woyamba wa 30% udabwezedwanso pakuchepetsa kukonza komanso kuwononga zero.

Kuyika kwamlengalenga ndi mafuta & gasi kumafuna kupanikizika kwambiri mpaka 60,000 PSI, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera ndi njira zopangira zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi ma protocol oyesa mwamphamvu.

Kuzindikiritsa Ulusi ndi Njira Zosindikizira mu Hydraulics

Chizindikiritso cholondola cha ulusi chimalepheretsa zolakwika zoikamo zotsika mtengo komanso kulephera kwadongosolo. Tsatirani ndondomekoyi mwadongosolo:

1. Yesani kukula kwa ulusi ndi ma calipers

2. Werengani ulusi pa inchi pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi woyezera ulusi

3. Dziwani ngodya ya ulusi (37°, 45°, kapena 60°)

4. Tsimikizirani masinthidwe achimuna/akazi

5. Yang'anani mawonekedwe a taper kapena ofanana

Kugwirizana kwa kusindikiza kumasiyana ndi mtundu wamadzimadzi ndi kutentha kwa ntchito. Mphete za Nitrile O-rings zimagwira ntchito zamadzimadzi zochokera ku petroleum mpaka 200 ° F, pomwe Viton zosindikizira zimakulitsa ntchito mpaka 400 ° F ndikugwirizana ndi mankhwala. Zisindikizo zachitsulo-to-zitsulo zimapereka ntchito yopanda kutayikira mumikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri.

Pezani tchati cha Ruihua chatsatanetsatane cha ulusi wa digito kudzera pa khodi ya QR kuti mugwiritse ntchito pompopompo pa foni yam'manja mukakhazikitsa magawo - chida chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimawongolera machitidwe ndikuchepetsa zolakwika zoyika.

Komwe Mungatulukire ndi Momwe Mungatsimikizire Otsatsa

Zolakwitsa zopezera ndalama zimabweretsa kutsika kwadongosolo, zochitika zachitetezo, komanso kusatsata malamulo. Mchitidwe woyenereza wopereka zinthu mwadongosolo umachepetsa zoopsazi kudzera munjira zosaka, zoyenereza, ndi zotsimikizira.

Komwe Mungapeze Zopangira Zabwino Kwambiri ndi Ma Adapter Pakupanga

Njira zingapo zopezera ndalama zimapereka zabwino ndi zolepheretsa:

Channel	Nthawi yotsogolera	Mtengo wa MOQ	Chitsimikizo	Zabwino Kwambiri
Direct Manufacturer	2-6 masabata	100-500 mayunitsi	Miyezi 12-24	Custom specifications
Wofalitsa Wovomerezeka	1-3 masiku	1-50 magawo	Miyezi 6-12	Zogulitsa zokhazikika
B2B nsanja	1-8 masabata	Zosintha	Zochepa	Kuyerekeza mtengo

Maubale opanga ma Direct amapereka mitengo yokwanira pazofunikira za voliyumu ndi chithandizo chaukadaulo chapamwamba, pomwe ogawa amapambana kuti apezeke mwachangu komanso pang'ono. Mapulatifomu a B2B monga Alibaba ndi Thomasnet amathandizira kuzindikirika koyambira koma amafunikira kutsimikizira mosamala.

Distributor Networks, Lead Times, ndi MOQs

Kuchuluka kwadongosolo kocheperako kumachokera ku mayunitsi 50-500 kutengera zovuta komanso kuchuluka kwa opanga. Kambiranani zoyeserera za mayunitsi 10-25 kuti muyenerere koyamba, ndikudzipereka kwa voliyumu kumayambitsa mitengo yokhazikika.

Misonkhano yamtengo wapatali  ngati Parker 787TC-20 hose assemblies imatha kufika $3,500 iliyonse, kulungamitsa njira zopangira ndalama kuti zitsimikizire kupezeka kwa mapulogalamu ovuta.

Maukonde a distributor amapereka zinthu zakumaloko komanso chithandizo chaukadaulo, kumachepetsa nthawi zotsogola kuchokera pamasabata mpaka masiku pazogulitsa zokhazikika. Unikani kuthekera kwaogawa kuphatikiza kuya kwazinthu, ukatswiri waukadaulo, ndi njira zoyankhira mwadzidzidzi.

Kuwona Zowona, Kutsata Kwamagulu, ndi Kupewa Kwabodza

Zopangira zachinyengo zama hydraulic zimakhala ndi ziwopsezo zazikulu zachitetezo komanso kuphwanya malamulo. Tsatirani ndondomeko zotsimikizira zonse:

Mndandanda wotsimikizira zowona:

• Kutsimikizira manambala a serial kudzera mu database ya opanga

• Malipoti a mayeso a Material (MTR) okhala ndi siginecha yotsimikizika ya labu

• Kuyang'ana kowoneka bwino motsutsana ndi zomwe zasindikizidwa

• Kutsiliza pamwamba ndi kuyika chizindikiro paubwino

• Kutsimikizika kwapakapaka kuphatikiza zisindikizo za holographic

• Chitsimikizo chaopereka

Malebulo apamwamba a Ruihua Hardware a QR-coded batch amapereka mwayi wopeza zolemba zonse zopanga, certification zazinthu, ndi data yoyesera kudzera pa sikani yam'manja, zomwe zimathandizira kutsimikizira kutsimikizika kwazinthu ndikukhazikitsa mulingo wamakampani kuti aziwonekera komanso kutsata. Mawonekedwe a hydraulic fittings mu 2025 amafunikira mgwirizano wothandizirana nawo kuphatikiza kutsimikizika kwamtundu, ukadaulo waukadaulo, komanso kusinthasintha kwa magwiridwe antchito. Kuchita bwino kumafuna kuunika mwatsatanetsatane zomwe opanga amapanga, kumvetsetsa bwino zaukadaulo, ndi njira zotsimikizira zaopereka.

Magulu ogula zinthu mwanzeru amaganizira za mtengo wanthawi yomweyo ndi mtengo wanthawi yayitali wa umwini, pozindikira kuti kulephera koyenera kumabweretsa mitengo yokwera kwambiri kuposa mabizinesi apamwamba kwambiri. Opanga ndi njira zomwe zafotokozedwa mu bukhuli zimapereka njira zotsimikiziridwa zodalirika, zotsika mtengo zothetsera ma hydraulic fitting.

Limbikitsani machitidwewa mwadongosolo, sungani maubwenzi opitilirabe othandizira, ndikuwonjezera zida za digito pakuwongolera kwatsatanetsatane ndi kutsimikizira kwa ogulitsa. Kuyikapo ndalama pakusankha koyenera ndi kasamalidwe kaogulitsa kumabweretsa phindu chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa nthawi, chitetezo chowonjezereka, komanso kukhathamiritsa kwa magwiridwe antchito.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Ndi kampani iti yomwe ili ndi zotengera zabwino kwambiri ndi ma adapter?

Wopanga bwino amatengera zomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito. Ruihua Hardware imapambana pamayankho otsika mtengo omwe ali ndi luso lojambula mwachangu pasanathe masiku 7, kulolerana kwa makina 0.05mm, ndi ma SKU opitilira 40,000. Othandizira padziko lonse lapansi amapereka mizere yazinthu zonse komanso maukonde ogawa ambiri, pomwe opanga apadera amayang'ana kwambiri ntchito za niche monga zida zoyesera. Unikani opanga potengera kukakamizidwa, kuchuluka kwa zomwe akufuna, kuthekera kosintha, ndi mtengo wathunthu wa umwini m'malo mongofuna njira imodzi 'yabwino kwambiri'.

Ndi mtengo wanji womwe ndiyenera kuyembekezera potengera zinthu ndi kalasi yokakamiza?

Mitengo yofananira ndi ma Hydraulic imasiyana kwambiri ndi zinthu komanso kukakamizidwa. Zopangira zitsulo zamtundu wa carbon zimachokera ku $ 1.20- $ 3.00 pazinthu zofunikira, pamene zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimawononga $4.50-$8.00. Zopangira zapakatikati zapakatikati zimafika $9.00-$12.00, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zakuthambo mopitilira muyeso mpaka $300+ pakukwanira. Ruihua Hardware imapereka zosankha zonyamula zambiri kuti muchepetse mtengo wagawo. Kuchotsera kwa voliyumu kwa 15-25% kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazambiri zopitilira 100. Zomwe zili mu mtengo wonse wa umwini kuphatikiza kuyika, kukonza, ndi kulephera komwe kungatheke.

Kodi ndimatsimikizira bwanji ulusi wokulungidwa, zoikamo za plating, ndi magwiridwe antchito?

Kutsimikizira kumafuna kuwunika kwa mfundo zitatu: (1) Kuyang'ana kowoneka bwino kwa zilembo zosinthika ndi mbiri ya ulusi pogwiritsa ntchito kukulitsa, (2) Kuyeza makulidwe a plating pogwiritsa ntchito ma micrometer kapena makulidwe a makulidwe a zokutira kuti atsimikizire kutsatiridwa, (3) Kuwunika kwa certification certification (ASTM B117) kuwonetsa zotsatira zoyesa kukana kwa dzimbiri kuchokera ku ma laboratories ovomerezeka. Funsani malipoti a mayeso azinthu (MTR) ndi ziphaso zowunikira kuchokera kwa ogulitsa. Ruihua Hardware imapereka zilembo za batch za QR zotsatiridwa ndi 100% kuti zitsimikizire kwathunthu.

Kodi ndingapeze bwanji zitsanzo za CAD ndi deta ya digito pazowonjezera?

Ruihua Hardware imapereka mafayilo a STEP ndi IGES kudzera pa portal yawo yaukadaulo yokhala ndi nkhokwe zamitundu yonse ya 3D komanso mwayi wofikira ku library yapadziko lonse ya CAD. Opanga ena akuluakulu amakhala ndi zipata zofananira zapaintaneti zomwe zimafunikira kulembetsa kuti zitheke. Mafayilo ali ndi zojambula zowoneka bwino, mitundu ya 3D, ndi mawonekedwe aukadaulo. Pazophatikiza mwazokonda, opanga amapereka deta yachindunji ya CAD ngati gawo la mapangidwe. Ma chart ozindikiritsa ulusi wa digito amapezekanso kudzera pa QR code kuti afotokozere gawo.

Njira yabwino yofananizira mitundu ya ulusi m'zigawo zonse ndi iti?

Gwiritsani ntchito miyeso yozindikiritsa ulusi kuti muyezedwe molondola, kenako matebulo otembenuzidwa poyerekezera ndi ISO 228 (metric parallel), NPT (American tapered), ndi BSPT (British tapered). Miyeso ya ulusi imatsimikizira ulusi pa inchi kapena metric pitch. Ruihua Hardware imapereka ma chart osinthira ulusi omwe amapezeka kudzera pa QR code kuti afotokozere m'munda. Ngati simukutsimikiza, kuyezetsa thupi ndi koyenera ndi zitsanzo zisanachitike kuyitanitsa kwakukulu, chifukwa zolakwika zokhudzana ndi ulusi zimayambitsa kuchedwetsa kokwera mtengo komanso kuwopsa kwachitetezo.