Zikafika kudziko lovuta kwambiri la payipi ndi machubu, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ulusi yomwe ilipo imatha kukhala yolemetsa.Zili ngati kuyimirira m'mizere yozungulira, iliyonse ili ndi machulukidwe ake ndi kuya kwake, ndikudabwa kuti ndi njira iti yomwe imatsogolera ku kukwanira koyenera.Mucibalo eeci, ndilikkomene kapati kujatikizya makani aaya.Tiyamba ndi mawu oyambira oti ulusi ndi chiyani - ma spiral grooves ofunikira omwe amapanga mtedza, mabawuti, ndi zokokera zimagwira ntchito pamakina osawerengeka ndi zinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku.
Muulendowu, tiwona mitundu yayikulu ya ulusi, monga BSPP, UN/UNF, ndi ulusi wofananira, ndikufufuza dziko la ulusi wopendekera, kuphatikiza ulusi wa metric tapered, BSPT, ndi NPT/NPTF.Kumvetsetsa izi kudzakuthandizani kupanga zosankha zotsika mtengo komanso zoyenera, kuwonetsetsa kuti ndinu odalirika komanso kupewa zovuta pama projekiti anu.Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tiyambire paulendo wa ulusiwu ndikupeza zoyenera pazosowa zanu!
Kumvetsetsa Mitu: Zoyambira ndi Zofunika
Tikamalankhula za ulusi, tikunena za mawonekedwe a helical omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza pakati pa mayendedwe ozungulira ndi mzere kapena mphamvu.Ulusi uli paliponse!Yang'anani zomangira zomwe zagwirizira tebulo lanu limodzi, chivundikiro cha botolo lanu lamadzi, kapena babu mu nyali yanu.Onse amadalira ulusi kuti ukhalebe pamalo ake ndikugwira ntchito moyenera.
Tanthauzo la Ulusi
Ulusi ndi phiri losalekeza lomwe limazungulira pa cylindrical kapena conical pamwamba.Kapangidwe kameneka kamalola kuti zigawo zilumikizidwe bwino.Tangoganizani masitepe ozungulira akuzungulira chipilala—momwemo ndi mmene ulusi umaonekera pa screw kapena bawuti.
Udindo wa Ulusi mu Ntchito Zatsiku ndi Tsiku
Ulusi ndi wofunikira chifukwa umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudza moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku.Ndiwo ngwazi pamithunzi, kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zisagwe.Ichi ndichifukwa chake ali ofunikira kwambiri:
l Kusunga Zinthu Pamodzi : Kuchokera pamipando kupita kumakina, ulusi umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zomangira ulusi ngati zomangira ndi zomangira kuti zida zisungidwe motetezeka.
l Fluid Control : M'makampani opanga mphamvu zamadzimadzi , ulusi umatsimikizira kuti zitoliro ndi machubu sizikutha, zomwe ndizofunikira pamakina omwe amanyamula madzi, mafuta, kapena gasi.
l Zolondola pazida : Pazida zotsogola kwambiri, monga mu zida zamankhwala, kulondola kwa kukula kwa ulusi kumafunika kuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito yoyenera ndi chitetezo.
Mitundu Yophatikiza Ulusi
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ulusi, iliyonse ili ndi machitidwe ake enieni komanso mawonekedwe ake.Nawa ochepa:
l American Pipe Threads : Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku North America posindikiza kulumikizana kwa mapaipi .
l SAE Unified Threads : Muyezo wa ulusi wowononga womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani amagalimoto.
l Metric ISO Ulusi : Mulingo wa metric ulusi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Chizindikiritso cha Ulusi
Kuti mupange ulusi , muyenera kudziwa miyeso ingapo yofunika:
l Diameter Yaikulu : Kutali kwambiri kwakunja kwa ulusi wachimuna.
l Diameter Yaing'ono : Chigawo chaching'ono kwambiri, chopezeka pansi pa nsonga ya ulusi.
l Pitch Diameter : Uku ndi m'mimba mwake wa silinda yongoganizira yomwe imadutsa mu ulusi wa ulusi wamphongo ndi poyambira ulusi wa ulusi wachikazi..
Kuzindikiritsa ulusi kumatha kukhala kovuta, koma zida monga pitch gauge zingathandize.Chida ichi chimayesa kukwera kwa ulusi , womwe ndi mtunda kuchokera ku umodzi ulusi kupita ku wina mu ndege ya axial..
Chifukwa Chiyani Geometry Imafunika
Magawo a geometric a ulusi amatanthauzira mphamvu ndi ntchito yake. Ulusiwo umagwira ntchito ngati ngodya ya dzino ndi kamvekedwe ka ulusiwo, umatsimikizira mmene ulusiwo ungagwire komanso mphamvu yake.Mwachitsanzo, zomangira zokhala ndi ulusi wowirikiza zimapita patsogolo kuwirikiza kawiri ngati screw ya ulusi umodzi pa kuzungulira kulikonse, kupereka mwayi wamakina..
Mitundu Ya Miluzi Mwa Tsatanetsatane
l Ulusi wofanana ndi ulusi wopendekera ndi magulu awiri akulu. Ulusi wofanana umakhala wofanana m'mimba mwake, pamene ulusi wopindika umachepa, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga zomatira zolimba.
l Ulusi Wakumanja Ndiwofala kwambiri, pomwe kutembenukira kumanja kumalimbitsa ulusi. Ulusi Wakumanzere ndi wocheperako ndipo umangika mbali ina.
Kumvetsetsa ulusi ndi magawo ake a geometric ndikofunikira chifukwa ndizomwe zimamangira zambiri zotizungulira.Kuyambira kugwirizanitsa zidutswa za chidole cha mwana mpaka kutsimikizira chitetezo cha ndege, ulusi umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri padziko lapansi.Pamene tikufufuza za kamangidwe ka ulusi , kumbukirani kuti timizere tating'ono ting'onoting'ono timeneti timafunika kwambiri.
Gulu la Ulusi
Kukwera vs. Transmission vs. Transport Threads
Pokambirana za mitundu ya ulusi , ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa ntchito zake zoyambira.
Ulusi wokwera umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuti ateteze zinthu pamodzi.Ganizirani za zomangira pakompyuta;adapangidwa kuti azigwira ziwalo m'malo mwake.
ulusi wotumizira ndi wofunikira pamakina omwe amatumiza mphamvu.Kumbali ina, Ulusiwu umapezeka muzitsulo zotsogola zamakina, pomwe ma geometry awo amalola kutembenuka kozungulira kukhala kuyenda kwa mzere.
Mitundu ya mayendedwe ndi yosiyana pang'ono.Amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamakampani opanga mphamvu zamadzimadzi .Ulusiwu wapangidwa kuti upangitse chisindikizo muzitsulo za chitoliro ndi chubu , kuonetsetsa kuti madzi kapena mpweya ukuyenda bwino.Mtundu uliwonse wa ulusi umapangidwa ndi cholinga chake, ndipo kuzindikiritsa ulusi ndikofunikira pamapulogalamu kuti zitsimikizire kuti zimagwirizana ndikugwira ntchito.
Ulusi Wakumanja (RH) ndi Kumanzere (LH): Kusiyanitsa ndi Kagwiritsidwe
Ulusi ukhoza kugawidwa ngati ulusi wa Kumanja (RH) kapena ulusi wa Kumanzere (LH) .Kusiyanitsa kwake ndi kosavuta koma kofunika. Ulusi wa RH umangika motsata wotchi, komwe ndi komwe kumamangirira ulusi wambiri .Pafupifupi zokopa kapena bolt iliyonse yomwe mumakumana nayo imakhala ndi ulusi wa RH. Ulusi wa LH , kumbali ina, umangitsa motsatana ndi mawotchi ndipo sizofala kwambiri.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zomwe mphamvu zozungulira zingapangitse ulusi wa RH kumasuka, monga kumanzere kwa chopondapo njinga.
l Ulusi Wakumanja :
¡ Limbani molunjika
¡ zambiri zomangira ulusi Ntchito
l Ulusi Wakumanzere :
¡ Mangitsani motsutsana ndi koloko
¡ Mapulogalamu apadera oletsa kumasuka
Ulusi wa Pipe: Makhalidwe ndi Ntchito
Ulusi wa zitoliro umabwera m'mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu: ulusi wopindika ndi ulusi wofanana . Ulusi wokhotakhota , monga National Taper Pipe (NPT) , amapangidwa kuti apange chisindikizo ndi ulusi womwewo.Pamene ulusi wamphongo ndi wamkazi umangiriridwa, umapanga chisindikizo chifukwa cha kusokoneza kokwanira.Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi mpweya kapena zakumwa zopanikizika.
Ulusi wofanana , monga British Standard Pipe Parallel (BSPP) , amafuna wosindikiza, monga washer kapena O-ring, kuti atsimikizire kuti palibe madzi.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa kupanikizika komanso komwe kulumikizidwa kungafunikire kusonkhanitsidwa ndikuphwanyidwa pafupipafupi.
l Ulusi Wopangidwa :
¡ National Taper Pipe (NPT)
Kusindikiza kumatheka mwa kusokoneza ulusi
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina apamwamba kwambiri
l Milu Yofanana :
¡ British Standard Pipe Parallel (BSPP)
Pamafunika zida zowonjezera zosindikizira
Oyenera kusonkhana pafupipafupi/kusokoneza
T ndikofunika Kukula kwa ndipo ndikofunikira kusankha mtundu wa ulusi molondola kuti muwonetsetse kukhulupirika kwa kulumikizana.Kaya mukugwira ntchito ndi American Pipe Threads , SAE Unified Threads , kapena Metric ISO ulusi , njira yoyenera yozindikiritsira ulusi ndiyofunikira.Zida monga pitch gauge ndi caliper zitha kuthandizira pakuchita izi, kutsatira miyezo yamakampani pazambiri zodziwika bwino ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ulusi uyenera kupangidwa .
Mitundu ya Ulusi wa ISO
ISO Metric Thread (M): Mawonekedwe ndi Ntchito
ISO metric thread, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa M , ndi mtundu wa ulusi wapadziko lonse .Kugwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi, ndi ulusi wokhazikika pazolinga zonse.ndi Kukula kwake mainchesi akulu ndizomwe zimafunikira pamtundu uwu Ulusi wa . Metric ndiwotchuka chifukwa cha kuphweka kwawo komanso kuzindikirika mosavuta kwa ulusi..
Mapulogalamuwa akuphatikiza: - Makina - Makampani opanga magalimoto - Zogulitsa za ogula
Ulusi wa metric umapereka mphamvu komanso kusinthasintha, kuwapanga kukhala amodzi mwa mitundu yofunikira pakupanga.
ISO Metric Fine Thread (MF): Kumvetsetsa Kusiyanasiyana
Ulusi wa ISO metric fine , kapena MF , umasiyana ndi ulusi wamba wa M pamawu ake .Ulusiwo ulusiwo ndi wabwino kwambiri, kutanthauza kuti uli pafupi kwambiri.Izi zimabweretsa kuchuluka kwa ulusi pautali wa unit.Ulusi wabwino umapereka kuwongolera kwabwinoko ndipo ndi koyenera kwa ntchito zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Kusiyana kwakukulu kumaphatikizapo: - Kamvekedwe kakang'ono - Kukula kolimba kwa ulusi - Kulimba kwakukulu pamabowo oponyedwa
Ma metric fine threads amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri m'makampani opanga mphamvu zamadzimadzi komanso pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kusintha kwabwinoko.
Chitsulo Conduit Ulusi (Pg): Mbiri ndi Kagwiritsidwe Panopa
Ulusi wachitsulo wachitsulo , wotchedwa Pg , uli ndi mbiri yakale.Idachokera ku Germany ndipo idagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Europe konse popanga magetsi.Masiku ano, ulusi wa Pg uli ndi zenizeni ntchito m'makampani amagetsi, kuonetsetsa kuti pali kulumikizana kotetezeka komanso kodalirika.
Kagwiritsidwe ntchito kamakono kakuphatikiza: - Zoyitanira zamagetsi - Makina olowera - Zida
Ngakhale kukwera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ulusi , Pg imakhalabe yofunikira chifukwa cha miyezo yamakampani ndi machitidwe olowa.
Ulusi wa Trapezoidal (Tr): Mapangidwe ndi Ntchito
Ulusi wa trapezoidal , womwe umatchedwa Tr , umadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a dzino la trapezoidal.Kupanga uku kumapereka mwayi wamakina olimba , kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera katundu wolemetsa ndi zomangira zotsogola pamakina.
Ntchito zikuphatikiza: - Kutumiza mphamvu - Kusintha kwamayendedwe kuchoka kumayendedwe kupita ku mzere - Gwiritsani ntchito ma vise ndi ma jacks
Ulusi wa trapezoidal ndi mtundu wamba wa ulusi pakupanga makina oyendetsa.Ma geometry ake amalola kugawidwa kwa katundu kudera lalikulu, kumapangitsa kuti ulusi ukhale wolimba komanso moyo wautali.
Mugawo lonseli, takhudza mitundu ya ulusi wa ISO monga metric ISO ulusi wa , ISO metric fine thread , ndi zina.Ndikofunikira kupanga ulusi moyenera kuti mugwiritse ntchito, popeza kukula kwa ulusi kumafunika .Zida monga pitch gauge ndi caliper ndizofunika kwambiri pakuzindikiritsa ulusi , kuwonetsetsa kuti zikugwirizana ndi magwiridwe antchito a ulusi.
Mitundu ya Ulusi waku America
Unified National Coarse Thread (UNC): Chidule
Tikamalankhula za mitundu ya ulusi waku America , Ulusi Wogwirizana wa National Coarse , kapena UNC , ndi imodzi mwamitundu yofunikira kwambiri .Ndiwo muyezo womwe umatanthawuza mawonekedwe a helical a zomangira ulusi .UNC kuti imadziwika ndi mamvekedwe ake omwe ndi okulirapo kuposa mitundu ina, ndikupangitsa ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito wamba pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kukula kwa ulusi kumafunika pano, ndipo mapangidwe a UNC amapangitsa kuti ikhale yocheperako komanso yosavuta kuyigwira.
Unified National Fine Thread (UNF): Zokhazikika ndi Ntchito
Kumbali ina, Unified National Fine Thread kapena UNF ili ndi ang'onoang'ono mainchesi .Izi zikutanthauza kuti ulusiwo uli pafupi kwambiri.UNF nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphamvu yapamwamba komanso yolondola ikufunika.Ndizofala m'makampani opanga mphamvu zamadzimadzi chifukwa ulusi wabwino kwambiri umapereka chitetezo chokwanira komanso cholimba.Ndikofunikira kusankha ulusi mosamala mukamagwira ntchito ndi UNF kuti muwonetsetse kuti ikugwirizana ndikuchita bwino.
Unified National Special Thread (UNS): Makhalidwe Apadera
The Unified National Special Thread kapena UNS ndi mtundu wina wa ulusi waku America womwe umadziwika bwino chifukwa cha makonda ake apadera. UNS siyokhazikika monga UNC kapena UNF , kulola kusiyanasiyana kwa mamvekedwe a ulusi ndi m'mimba mwake.Kusinthasintha uku kumapangitsa UNS kupita ku mapulogalamu apadera pomwe ulusi wokhazikika siwokwanira. Kuzindikiritsa ulusi wa UNS kumafuna miyeso yolondola, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito pitch gauge kapena caliper.
National Taper Pipe Threads (NPT ndi NPTF)
| Dash Kukula (Kukula Mwadzina) | Ulusi Pitch | Male Ulusi OD mm | Male Ulusi OD mainchesi | Ulusi Wachikazi ID mm | Inchi Yachikazi ID |
| -02 (1/8) | 27 | 10.3 | 0.41 | 9.4 | 0.37 |
| -04 (1/4) | 18 | 13.7 | 0.54 | 12.4 | 0.49 |
| -06 (3/8) | 18 | 17.3 | 0.68 | 15.7 | 0.62 |
| -08 (1/2) | 14 | 21.3 | 0.84 | 19.3 | 0.76 |
| -10 (5/8) | 14 | 22.9 | 0.90 | 21.1 | 0.83 |
| 12 (3/4) | 14 | 26.9 | 1.06 | 24.9 | 0.98 |
| -16 (1) | 11½ pa | 33.3 | 1.31 | 31.5 | 1.24 |
| -20 (1 ¼) | 11½ pa | 42.2 | 1.66 | 40.1 | 1.58 |
| -24 (1 ½) | 11½ pa | 48.3 | 1.90 | 46.2 | 1.82 |
| -32 (2) | 11½ pa | 60.4 | 2.38 | 57.9 | 2.29 |
**OD = ID ya Diameter Yakunja = Mkati mwa Diameter
Kusamukira ku Ulusi wa Chitoliro cha ku America , Ulusi wa National Taper Pipe ndi wofunikira.Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu: NPT ndi NPTF .Onsewo ndi mitundu ya ulusi wa tapered kutanthauza kuti amapanga chisindikizo akamangika. NPT , kapena National Taper Pipe , ndizofala ndipo zimafuna osindikiza owonjezera. NPTF , kapena National Taper Pipe Dryseal , idapangidwa kuti ipange chisindikizo cholimba popanda zida zowonjezera zosindikizira. NPT ndi NPTF ndizofunikira pamakampani opanga mphamvu zamadzimadzi ma zopangira , chubu , komanso kulumikizana ndi mapaipi .Ulusi wa pitch gauge ndi chida chofunikira pakuzindikiritsa ulusi pamakina onse a NPT ndi NPTF .
Kumvetsetsa mitundu iyi ya ulusi waku America ndikofunikira kwa akatswiri m'mafakitale ambiri. SAE Unified Threads , kuphatikizapo UNC , UNF , ndi UNS , pamodzi ndi NPT ndi NPTF , zimagwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri popanga zomangira za ulusi ndi malumikizidwe oyenera .woyenerera Kuzindikiritsa ulusi kumatsimikizira kuti zigawozo zimagwirizana bwino ndikugwira ntchito monga momwe zimafunira.
British Whitworth Threads
British Standard Whitworth Coarse (BSW/WW)
British Standard Whitworth Coarse (BSW) , yomwe imatchedwa WW ya Whitworth, ndi mbiri ya ulusi yomwe ili ndi mbiri yakale.Unali ulusi woyamba wokhazikika padziko lonse lapansi , wopangidwa ndi Joseph Whitworth mu 1841. Kapangidwe kake kanali kosinthika, kuyika muyeso wa zomangira ulusi mu Ufumu wa Britain ndi kupitirira apo.Ulusi wa Whitworth unakhala imodzi mwa mitundu yofunika kwambiri ya ulusi , yomwe imadziwika ndi ngodya yake ya 55-degree ulusi ndi ma crests ozungulira ndi mizu.Dongosolo la ulusi la mbiri yakale limeneli linayala maziko a mitundu yambiri ya ulusi wamba yomwe tikuiona lero.
British Standard Fine (BSF)
Kupitilira ku British Standard Fine (BSF) , mtundu wa ulusi uwu kwenikweni ndi mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa BSW.Ndi kakang'ono kamvekedwe , komwe ndi mtunda wa pakati pa ulusi woyandikana , BSF inapangidwa kuti ipereke mlingo wapamwamba wa kulondola ndi mphamvu muzogwiritsira ntchito zomwe kukula kwa ulusi kumafunika .Dera lalikulu limakhalabe lofanana ndi BSW, koma mamvekedwe abwino kwambiri amalola ulusi wochulukirapo pa inchi, zomwe zimamasulira kuti zikhale zolimba, zotetezeka kwambiri. BSF imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri m'makampani amagalimoto, komwe kulondola ndikofunikira.
British Standard Pipe (BSP/G)
| Dash Kukula (Kukula Mwadzina) | Ulusi | Ulusi Wachimuna OD mm | Ulusi Wachimuna OD mainchesi | Ulusi Wachikazi ID mm | Inchi Yachikazi Ya ID |
| -02 (1/8) | 28 | 9.7 | 0.38 | 8.9 | 0.35 |
| -04 (1/4) | 19 | 13.2 | 0.52 | 11.9 | 0.47 |
| -06 (3/8) | 19 | 16.5 | 0.65 | 15.2 | 0.60 |
| -08 (1/2) | 14 | 20.8 | 0.82 | 19.1 | 0.75 |
| -10 (5/8) | 14 | 22.4 | 0.88 | 20.3 | 0.80 |
| 12 (3/4) | 14 | 26.4 | 1.04 | 24.6 | 0.97 |
| -16 (1) | 11 | 33.0 | 1.30 | 31.0 | 1.22 |
| -20 (1 ¼) | 11 | 41.9 | 1.65 | 39.6 | 1.56 |
| -24 (1 ½) | 11 | 47.8 | 1.88 | 45.5 | 1.79 |
| -32 (2) | 11 | 59.7 | 2.35 | 57.4 | 2.26 |
British Standard Pipe (BSP) , yomwe imadziwikanso kuti G , ndi mtundu wa ulusi wofanana womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphamvu zamadzimadzi .Mosiyana ndi ulusi wa taper, ulusi wa BSP umakhala ndi mainchesi ofanana kuchokera kumapeto mpaka kumapeto, kuzipanga kukhala ulusi wofanana .Kapangidwe kameneka ndi kofunikira pakuyika payipi ndi machubu , pomwe chokhazikika . chisindikizo pamafunika BSP nthawi zambiri imafanizidwa ndi American Pipe Threads , koma sizisinthana chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa mawonekedwe a ulusi ndi phula.
British Standard Pipe Taper (BSPT/R)
| BSP Ulusi Waukulu | Kunja Kwa Diameter | TPI |
| 1/16 inchi BSP | 7.7 mm / 0.304 ″ | 28 |
| 1/8 inchi BSP | 9.7 mm / 0.383 ″ | 28 |
| 1/4 inchi BSP | 13.16 mm / 0.518 ″ | 19 |
| 3/8 inchi BSP | 16.66 mm / 0.656 ″ | 19 |
| 1/2 inchi BSP | 20.99 mm / 0.825 ″ | 14 |
| 5/8 inchi BSP | 22.99 mm / 0.902 ″ | 14 |
| 3/4 inchi BSP | 26.44 mm / 1.041 ″ | 14 |
| 7/8 inchi BSP | 30.20 mm / 1.189 ″ | 14 |
| 1 inchi BSP | 33.25 mm / 1.309 ″ | 11 |
| 1-1 / 4 inchi BSP | 41.91 mm / 1.650 ″ | 11 |
| 1-1 / 2 inchi BSP | 47.80 mm / 1.882 ″ | 11 |
| 2 inchi BSP | 59.61 mm / 2.347 ″ | 11 |
| 2-1 / 4 inchi BSP | 65.71 mm / 2.587 ″ | 11 |
| 2-1 / 2 inchi BSP | 75.18 mm / 2.96 ″ | 11 |
| 3 inchi BSP | 87.88 mm / 3.46 ″ | 11 |
| 4 inchi BSP | 113.03 mm / 4.45 ″ | 11 |
| 5 inchi BSP | 138.43 mm / 5.45 ″ | 11 |
| 6 inchi BSP | 163.83 mm / 6.45 ″ | 11 |
Pomaliza, British Standard Pipe Taper (BSPT) , yodziwika kuti R , ndi ulusi wokhotakhota womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikiza ambiri mapaipi .The taper imapanga chisindikizo mwa kukakamiza ulusi wa mwamuna ulusi mu ulusi wamkazi , kulola kugwirizana kwamadzimadzi.BSPT ndiyofala kwambiri m'makampani opanga mphamvu zamadzimadzi , komwe kupewa kutayikira ndikofunikira.Ngodya yokhotakhota imatsimikizira kuti ulusi uliwonse umangika motsatira, kupereka kulumikizana kodalirika kwa chitoliro , chubu cha , ndi kulumikizana koyenera..
Mu iliyonse mwa izi British Whitworth ulusi , chizindikiritso n'kofunika.Zida monga pitch gauge kapena caliper nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza mtundu wa ulusi ndi kukula kwake.Kumvetsetsa magawo a geometric a ulusiwu, kuyambira m'mimba mwake mpaka m'mimba mwake , ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kuti zikugwirizana ndikugwira ntchito pamisonkhano yolumikizidwa.Kaya mumakina akale kapena ntchito zamakono, British Standard Threads imakhalabe yofunika ku mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuyimirira pambali pa mitundu ina yofunika kwambiri ya ulusi monga ulusi wa ISO , Metric ISO ulusi , ndi mitundu ya ulusi waku America..
Ulusi wa Pipe
Kumvetsetsa Ulusi wa Pipe mu Kuyika kwa Plumbing ndi Gasi
Ulusi wa mapaipi ndi ofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti pali kulumikizana kosadukiza pamapaipi ndi gasi.Amagwira ntchito ngati gawo lofunikira pakulumikiza mapaipi, ma valve, ndi zomangira motetezeka. Kukula kwa ulusi kumafunika pakugwiritsa ntchito izi, chifukwa kuyenera kutengera kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga komanso kukakamizidwa kwa dongosolo.
Tapered vs. Conical Pipe Threads
Tikamalankhula za ulusi wa chitoliro , nthawi zambiri timatchula mitundu iwiri yosiyana: ulusi wa tapered ndi conical thread .Ulusi wa tapered , womwe umadziwikanso kuti National Taper Pipe (NPT) , pang'onopang'ono umachepetsa m'mimba mwake kuchokera kumalekezero amodzi, kupereka chisindikizo cholimba pamene ulusi ukugwira ntchito. Ulusi wa conical ndi wofanana koma uli ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zowonjezera.
Ulusi wa mipope wa tapered amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani opanga mphamvu zamadzimadzi .Amapanga chisindikizo kupyolera mu kusokoneza kwa ulusi. Tepi ya chitoliro kapena tepi ya Teflon nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito ngati zosindikizira kuti zitsimikizire kuti palibe kutayikira.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ulusi wa chitoliro cha conical ndi wochepa kwambiri koma ndi wofunikabe.Nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'mapulogalamu apadera pomwe kukakamizidwa ndi mphamvu zamakina ndizokwera kwambiri.
Kuzindikira Ulusi wa Chitoliro
Kuzindikiritsa ulusi ndikofunikira pakukonza ndi kukonza makina a mapaipi.Pitch gauge kapena caliper ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kufotokoza mtundu wa ulusi ndi kukula kwake.Mwachitsanzo, American Pipe Threads ndi SAE Unified Threads ndi mitundu yodziwika bwino yokhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana.
Mitundu ya ulusi waku America ngati NPT imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku North America konse.Amatsatira ulusi wogwirizana , womwe umaphatikizapo Unified National Coarse Thread (UNC) ndi Unified National Fine Thread (UNF).
British Standard Pipe Taper (BSPT) ndi British Standard Whitworth (BSW) ulusi, kuphatikizapo British Standard Whitworth Coarse (BSWC) , ndi mitundu ya British Standard Pipe Taper yomwe ili ndi ntchito zenizeni, makamaka ku United Kingdom ndi mayiko a Commonwealth.
Ulusi Parameters ndi Zida
Kutalika kwa phula la ulusi wa chitoliro ndi muyeso wofunikira.Ndi mainchesi a silinda yongoganizira pomwe makulidwe ake ndi ofanana ndi danga la ulusi .Kuti muyese molondola, phula kapena caliper imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ulusi Wachimuna ndi Ulusi Wachikazi ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza zakunja kwa ulusi ndi ulusi wamkati , motsatira. Ulusi wachimuna umapezeka kunja kwa mapaipi kapena zopangira, pomwe ulusi wachikazi uli mkati.
Ulusi wakumanja ndi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani, pomwe ulusi umalimba molunjika. Ulusi wakumanzere siwofala kwambiri ndipo umangika mopingasa.
Malangizo Othandiza Posankha Ulusi wa Pipe
l Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito pitch gauge kutsimikizira kukwera kwa ulusi ndi kukula kwake.
l Onetsetsani kuti ulusi wa tapered watsekedwa mokwanira ndi wosindikiza.
l Pazogwiritsa ntchito zothamanga kwambiri, lingalirani ulusi wamakona kuti ukhale wolimba.
l Dziwani miyezo yamakampani amtundu wamtundu womwe mukugwira ntchito.
l Gwiritsani ntchito njira yozindikiritsa ulusi kuti mupewe kulumikizana kosagwirizana.
Kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa ulusi wapaipi wa tapered ndi conical ndikofunikira kwa aliyense amene ali m'minda yoyika mapaipi kapena gasi.woyenerera Kuzindikiritsa ulusi ndi kusankha kungalepheretse kutayikira, kuwonetsetsa kukhulupirika kwadongosolo, ndikusunga miyezo yachitetezo pazofunikira izi.
Mitundu ya Ulusi Wapamwamba
Pankhani ya mitundu ya ulusi, ambiri aife timadziwa mitundu yodziwika bwino yomwe timakumana nayo muzinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku monga ma bolts ndi mtedza.Komabe, pali dziko la mitundu yovuta kwambiri ya ulusi yomwe imagwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.Tiyeni tilowe m'mitundu ina ya ulusi wapamwamba kwambiri komanso ntchito zake zapadera.
Acme Threads
Ulusi wa Acme umadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ake a trapezoidal, kuwapangitsa kukhala amphamvu komanso oyenera kunyamula katundu wolemetsa kuposa wamba ulusi wa screw .Nthawi zambiri amapezeka pazida monga zoyipa ndi ma jacks pomwe mphamvu ndi kulimba ndizofunikira.
Knuckle Threads
Ulusi wa knuckle ndi wapadera ndi ma crests ozungulira komanso mizu yake.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe ulusi umagwiritsidwa ntchito movutikira kapena umafunika kutsukidwa mosavuta, monga m'makampani azakudya ndi zakumwa..
Mitundu ya Buttress
Ulusi wa Buttress uli ndi mapangidwe omwe amalola kusuntha mwamphamvu mbali imodzi.Ndiwo ulusi wopita ku mapulogalamu ngati makina osindikizira omwe mumafunikira ulusi kuti mugwiritse ntchito mphamvu zambiri motsatira mzere.
Mitundu ya Worm
Ulusi wa nyongolotsi ndizofunikira pamakina omwe kusuntha kozungulira kumayenera kusinthidwa kukhala mzere.Ndiwofunika kwambiri pamakina amagetsi, monga omwe amapezeka pazida zosinthira kapena ma elevator.
Mapulogalamu apadera
Mtundu uliwonse wa ulusi wapamwamba umagwira ntchito inayake, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwirizana ndi zosowa za mafakitale ena.
l Ulusi wa Acme siwolimba;amaperekanso mwatsatanetsatane, kuwapanga kukhala abwino kwa mafakitale amagetsi amadzimadzi.
l Ulusi wa Knuckle, ndi kuthekera kwawo kukana kuwonongeka, ndizofunikira kwambiri pantchito yaulimi komwe makina amakumana ndi zovuta.
l Ulusi wa buttress ndi wofunikira kwambiri pazida zopangira zitsulo chifukwa chotha kupirira kukwera kwa axial.
l Ulusi wa nyongolotsi ndiye msana wa machitidwe owongolera zoyenda , zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'magawo ngati magalimoto ndi ndege.
Makampani Omwe Miluzi Ndi Yovuta
Mitundu ya ulusi wapamwamba sizongokhudza magwiridwe antchito;iwo ali okhudza kulondola ndi kudalirika m'malo okwera kwambiri.
l Makampani oyendetsa ndege amadalira maulusi apaderawa kuti atetezedwe ndikugwira ntchito kwa zigawo za ndege.
l M'makampani apanyanja , kulimba kwa ulusiwu ndikofunikira kuti zisawonongeke m'madzi amchere amchere.
l Zachipatala zimagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wapamwamba pazida zopulumutsa moyo, pomwe kulephera sikungatheke.
l Gawo lamagetsi limadalira ulusiwu pakukonza ndikugwiritsa ntchito makina olemera.
Ngakhale mitundu ya ulusi wamba ngati ulusi wa ISO metric kapena American Pipe Threads imadziwika bwino, ndi ulusi wapamwambawu womwe nthawi zambiri umawonekera pamapulogalamu apadera. Kukula kwa ulusi kumafunika , komanso mtundu wa ulusi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito.Kaya ndi ulusi wa Acme mu lathe kapena ulusi wa Worm mu gearbox, kumvetsetsa mitundu yofunikayi ndikofunikira kwa mainjiniya ndi akatswiri m'mafakitale onse.Kusankha ulusi woyenerera—ukhale ulusi wofanana kapena ulusi wopindika —kukhoza kupangitsa kusiyana kwakukulu mu kagwiridwe ka ntchito ndi moyo wautali wa zingwe zomangika.
Ma Parameters a Geometric of Threads
Kumvetsetsa magawo a geometric a ulusi ndikofunikira kwa aliyense wogwira ntchito ndi ulusi .Kaya muli mumakampani opanga mphamvu zamadzimadzi kapena mumagwiritsa ntchito zomangira ulusi , kudziwa magawowa kumatsimikizira kuti zimagwirizana ndikugwira ntchito.
Zazikulu ndi zazing'ono Diameters
Dera lalikulu limatanthawuza kukula kwakukulu kwa ulusi wa screw .Ndi kukula kwakunja kwa ulusi wamwamuna kapena ulusi waukulu kwambiri wa ulusi wamkazi .Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, m'mimba mwake kakang'ono ndi kakang'ono kwambiri ka ulusi.Ndi mainchesi a silinda yongolingalira yomwe imangokhudza ulusi wa ulusi pa ulusi wakunja kapena ulusi wa ulusi pa ulusi wamkati . Ukulu wa ulusi ndi nkhani ;chifukwa chake, kukonza ma diameter awa ndikofunikira.
Pitch Diameter ndi Kufunika Kwake
Mdulidwe wa phula ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe lili pakati pa mainchesi akulu ndi ang'onoang'ono.Ndi mainchesi a silinda yongoganizira ya co-axial pomwe mtunda kuchokera pa phula m'mimba mwake kumadutsa mbali imodzi kupita ku phula la ulusi kumbali ina ndi wofanana.Kutalika kwa phula ndikofunikira chifukwa kumathandizira kupanga ulusi ndikuwonetsetsa kulumikizana koyenera.
Thread Pitch ndi Ntchito Zake
Kukwera kwa ulusi ndi mtunda wa mzere pakati pa malo awiri oyandikana pa ulusi mu ndege ya axial .Ndilo muyeso wachindunji wa kuchuluka kwa ulusi pautali wa unit ndipo ndi wofunikira pakuzindikiritsa ulusi .Mu metric system , kukwera kumatanthauzidwa mu millimeters, pamene m'makina achifumu opangidwa ndi mayunitsi monga SAE Unified Threads kapena American Pipe Threads , amawonetsedwa ngati chiwerengero cha ulusi pa inchi. Ma pitch gauges nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza gawoli molondola.
Kumvetsetsa Thread Lead
Mtsogoleri ndi mtunda umene ulusi wowononga umayenda mozungulira mozungulira mozungulira.Kwa phula lokhala ndi ulusi umodzi, kutsogolo kumakhala kofanana ndi phula.Komabe, pa screw-thread-threads , kutsogolera kumakhala kowirikiza kawiri.Lingaliro ili ndi lofunika kwa ntchito zomwe zimafuna mwayi wamakina.
Ngongole ya Dzino ndi Ngongole Yazingwe
Ngolo ya dzino , yomwe imatchedwanso ngodya ya ulusi , ndi yomwe ili pakati pa mbali za ulusi .Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ulusi ngati ulusi wa Metric ISO , ulusi wa British Whitworth , kapena ulusi wogwirizana uli ndi ngodya zosiyanasiyana.Mwachitsanzo, ulusi wa metric nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi ngodya ya digirii 60 , pomwe waku Britain Standard Whitworth Coarse uli ndi ngodya ulusi ya digirii 55 .Maonekedwe a dzino ndi ngodya zimakhudza ulusi wa geometry ndi mphamvu zake.
Magawo a geometric monga mainchesi ang'onoang'ono , ang'onoang'ono , m'mimba mwake , phula , ndi ngodya ya mano amatenga gawo lalikulu pakupanga ulusi .Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ulusi, kuphatikiza ulusi wofanana , wa ulusi , wa ISO , ndi mitundu ya ulusi waku America .Kumvetsetsa koyenera ndi kuyeza magawowa pogwiritsa ntchito zida monga ma caliper ndi ma pitch gauge ndikofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti ulusi uyenera kuzindikirika komanso kugwirizana pazophatikizira monga chitoliro ma hose fittings , cha , ndi ma chubu .Kumbukirani, m'dziko la ulusi , kulondola ndikofunikira.
Mtsogolereni Mwatsatane Pachizindikiritso cha Ulusi
Khwerero 1: Kusiyanitsa Pakati pa Ulusi Wofanana ndi Wojambulidwa
Pochita ndi ulusi , ndikofunikira kudziwa ngati mukugwira ntchito ndi ulusi wofanana kapena wopindika . Ulusi wofanana umakhala ndi m'mimba mwake womwewo kumapeto mpaka kumapeto, pomwe ulusi wopindika umachepera, kuchepera mpaka kumapeto.Kuti muwalekanitse, yang'anani mosamala. Zingwe zofananira zidzawoneka zofananira, pomwe ulusi wa tapered umawoneka ngati ukulumikizana.
Kwa njira yaukadaulo, gwiritsani ntchito caliper .Yezerani kukula kwake pazigawo zosiyanasiyana za ulusi.Ngati miyeso ili yofanana, ndiye kuti pali ulusi wofanana .Ngati iwo achepa, inu muli ndi tapered ulusi .M'makampani opanga mphamvu zamadzimadzi , kuzindikira kusiyana kumeneku ndikofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kulumikizana koyenera.
Khwerero 2: Kuyeza Pitch ya Ulusi ndi Pitch Gauge
Kutsika kwa ulusi ndi mtunda wa pakati pa nsonga zake.Kuti muyese izi, mungagwiritse ntchito pitch gauge .Chida ichi chili ndi masamba osiyanasiyana, chilichonse chimakhala ndi mano osiyanasiyana pa inchi.Ingofanizirani gauge ndi ulusi wa crests.Ikakwanira bwino, mwapeza mawu anu .Gawo ili ndilofunika pa ulusi wa metric ndi mitundu ya ulusi waku America.
Khwerero 3: Kuzindikira Kukula kwa Ulusi ndi Mbiri
Kuti mudziwe kukula kwa ulusi , yesani m’mimba mwake waukulu — utali waukulu kwambiri wa ulusi waumuna kapena m’mimba mwake mwa ulusi waukazi.Gwiritsani ntchito caliper kuti muthe kulondola.Kenako, yang'anani mbiri ya ulusi .Izi zikuphatikiza mawonekedwe a dzino ndi ulusi wa geometry . Metric ISO ulusi ndi SAE Unified Threads ndi mitundu yodziwika bwino , iliyonse ili ndi mbiri yake.
Khwerero 4: Kupanga Ulusi Mogwirizana ndi Miyezo
Pomaliza, tchulani ulusi molingana ndi miyezo yamakampani.Muyenera kudziwa kukula kwa mbiri , kwake , komanso ngati ndi ulusi wakumanja kapena kumanzere .Miyezo yodziwika bwino imaphatikizapo ulusi wa ISO metric , British Standard Whitworth Coarse , ndi Unified National Coarse Thread .Nthawi zonse tchulani miyezo yamakampani kuti afotokoze molondola ulusi.
Kukula kwa T Hread ndikofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti ulusi woyenerera uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zosefera papaipi ndi zosefera za air compressor condensate .choyenera cha ulusi Chizindikiritso ndi mwala wapangodya wa kukonzanso zolosera komanso maphunziro aukadaulo m'mafakitale odalira magawo azingwe..
Malangizo Othandiza Posankha Ulusi Woyenera
Posankha ulusi wa polojekiti yanu, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimafunikira.Ndikofunikira kuganizira momwe ntchito , zinthu zimagwirira , komanso miyezo yamakampani .Nayi chidule cha zomwe muyenera kukumbukira:
Mfundo Zofunika Kuziganizira Posankha Ulusi
1. Kuzindikiritsa Ulusi : Ndikofunikira kuzindikira mtundu wa ulusi molondola.Gwiritsani ntchito pitch gauge kuti mudziwe kutalika kwa ulusi ndi caliper kuti muyese kukula kwake.
2. Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana : Dziwani mitundu ya ulusi wamba .Kaya ndi mitundu ya ulusi wa ISO , mitundu ya ulusi waku America , kapena ulusi waku Britain Whitworth , iliyonse ili ndi ntchito yake yeniyeni.
3. Fluid-Power Viwanda : Ngati muli mu gawo ili, SAE Unified Threads ikhoza kukhala njira yanu.Amapangidwa kuti azigwirizana ndizovuta kwambiri.
4. Nkhani Za Kukula Kwa Ulusi : Nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti kukula kwa ulusi kumagwirizana ndi kulumikizana koyenera .Kukula kolakwika kungayambitse kutayikira kapena kuwonongeka kwa gawo.
5. Ulusi Wofanana ndi Ulusi Wopendekera : Kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwake. Ulusi wofanana umakhala wofanana m'mimba mwake, pamene ulusi wopindika umachepa.Izi zimakhudza chisindikizo ndi momwe amapangira ulusi.
6. Pitch Diameter : Kutalika kwa phula ndi gawo lofunikira la geometric.Ndi silinda yongoyerekeza pomwe mtunda pakati pa ulusi ndi wofanana.
Zolakwa Zomwe Muyenera Kuzipewa
l Mismatch Threads : Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wachimuna wokhala ndi wolakwika ulusi wachikazi .Izi zitha kuvula ulusi kapena kuyambitsa kusakwanira bwino.
l Kunyalanyaza Chitsogozo Chamanja : Ulusi wakumanja ndiwofala kwambiri, koma ulusi wakumanzere umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina.Osawasakaniza iwo.
l Miyezo Yoyang'anira : Miyezo yamakampani , monga Ulusi Wogwirizana kapena ulusi wa ISO metric , iwonetsetsa kuti ikugwirizana.Musanyalanyaze iwo.
l Kunyalanyaza Zinthu : Zida za zomangira ulusi ziyenera kufanana ndi magawo omwe akulumikiza.Zinthu zosagwirizana zimatha kuwononga kapena kulephera.
l Kuyiwala Zida Zozindikiritsa Ulusi : Zida ngati ulusi wopimira ulusi ndizofunikira.Amathandizira kupewa zolakwika pakuzindikiritsa ulusi.
Kumbukirani, njira yozindikiritsira ulusi sikuyenera kutengedwa mopepuka.Ndilo maziko a kulumikizana kotetezeka komanso koyenera.Mwachitsanzo, m'makampani opanga mphamvu zamadzimadzi, kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wolakwika pazitsulo za payipi kapena zopangira machubu kungayambitse kutayikira koopsa.
Kusankha ulusi woyenera kumatanthauzanso kuganizira kamangidwe ka ulusi.Pakulumikiza mapaipi, National Taper Pipe (NPT) ndi British Standard Pipe Taper (BSPT) ndi mitundu yofunikira ya ulusi.Amagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa tapered ndi conical kuti asindikize kwambiri.
Mosiyana ndi izi, mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira ulusi wofanana amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa ISO metric kapena Unified National Coarse Thread (UNC).Izi zimapangitsa kuti m'mimba mwake mukhale wofanana m'mimba mwake pamodzi ndi ulusi.
Pomaliza, musaiwale za kukonzekera kulosera ndi maphunziro luso luso.Kukhala patsogolo ndi IoT yamakampani kungakuthandizeni kusankha mtundu woyenera wa ulusi ndikuusunga bwino.Ndipo ngakhale zosefera za air compressor condensate zingawoneke ngati zosagwirizana, nawonso amadalira kusankha koyenera kwa ulusi kuti agwire bwino ntchito.
Mapeto
Tadutsa m'dziko lovuta kwambiri la ulusi, ndikuwunika zomwe zimapangitsa mtundu uliwonse kukhala wapadera.Kuchokera ku American Pipe Threads kupita ku Metric ISO Threads, kumvetsetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ulusi sikungokhala zamaphunziro-ndikofunikira.M'mafakitale monga mphamvu zamadzimadzi kapena kupanga, kudziwa ma SAE Unified Threads anu kuchokera ku British Whitworth Threads kungatanthauze kusiyana pakati pa kukwanira bwino ndi kulakwitsa kokwera mtengo.
Ganizirani izi: gwiritsani ntchito luso lanu lozindikiritsa ulusi kuti muwonjezere ntchito yanu.Kaya mukupanga ma hose fittings kapena mukusankha chitoliro choyenera cha machubu, kumbukirani kuti kukula kwa ulusi ndikofunikira.Pokhala ndi pitch gauge ndi caliper m'manja, muli ndi zida zopangira ulusi molimba mtima.
Kwa iwo omwe ali m'munda, njira yozindikiritsa ulusi sikungokhudza kupeza kulumikizana koyenera;ndi za kuonetsetsa chitetezo ndi mphamvu.Miyezo yamakampani ilipo kuti ititsogolere, ndipo zida ngati ulusi wopimira zimathandizira kusunga miyezo imeneyi.Kumbukirani, mitundu ya ulusi siili chabe mndandanda wa mayina—ndi chinenero chawochawo, chinenero chimene chimalankhula kukhulupirika kwa ulusi uliwonse woyenerera.
Pomaliza, mitundu yofunikira ya ulusi - Ulusi Wofanana, Ulusi Wopendekera, Mitundu ya ulusi wa ISO, Mitundu ya ulusi waku America, ndi Ulusi Waungwe Waku Britain - ndizomwe zimamangira mapulogalamu osawerengeka.Momwe ukadaulo ukupita patsogolo ndi Industrial IoT komanso kukonza zolosera, momwemonso chidziwitso chathu cha kapangidwe ka ulusi chiyenera.
