Hanze ya Amateka yinganda ni ikintu gikomeye mu nganda zinyuranye, zemeza ko amazi meza kandi akora neza, imyuka, nibindi bikoresho. Aya mazu akoreshwa muburyo butandukanye, uhereye kubihingwa byo gutunganya amavuta, aho bigira uruhare runini mugukomeza ibikorwa. Ariko, kwizerwa nibikorwa byibi byaha byimbitse kubwoko bwa hose iherezo rya fithings ryakoreshejwe. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzashakisha uburyo bubiri bwa hose iherezo ryubusa: Gukata no gusiga.
Gukata no gusiga tekinike ikoreshwa muguhuza imiterere kugeza ku mpera yinganda zinganda, zitanga ihuriro ryizewe. Mugihe uburyo bworoshye bukorera intego imwe, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ryabo kumikorere ya hose. Gukata birimo gukumira icyuma kizengurutse hose kandi bikwiye, gukora kashe ifatanye. Kurundi ruhande, gusiga birimo gukoresha hydraulic kanda kugirango ushyireho bikwiye kuri hose, bikavamo isano rihoraho.
Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yo gukata no gusiga ni ngombwa kubera inganda zishingiye kuri hose yumutekano. Guhitamo uburyo bukwiye birashobora guhindura ibintu bya hose, kuramba, no kurwanya imirongo. Mukwirukana mubintu byubuhanga, ubucuruzi burashobora gufata ibyemezo byuzuye kugirango tumenye neza ko gahunda zabo zo muri Ose. Noneho, reka twivembekeye mwisi yumuboshye kandi dukize kandi tumenye ibintu byingenzi tugomba gusuzuma mugihe uhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo guhindura ibintu.
Crimping: Ubuhanzi bwo guhuza hose
A. Ibisobanuro no gutunganya
Crimping ni inzira y'ingenzi mu iteraniro ryamateka yinganda. Harimo gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye nibikoresho kugirango ukore isano ikomeye kandi yizewe hagati ya hose hamwe na fittings. Inzira ya Crimping iremeza ko hose abayoroshye bakomeje kumugerekaho neza, babuza kumeneka cyangwa kunanirwa mugihe cyo gukora.
Kugira ngo ugere ku mutanda mwiza, hagira intambwe. Ubwa mbere, ibitsina byaciwe kugeza uburebure bwifuzwa, butuma itaba ubuntu cyangwa ibyangiritse. Ibikurikira, bikwiye byatoranijwe neza ukurikije ibisabwa. Icyuma gihita cyinjizwa muri hose, cyemeza neza.
Icyuma kimaze kubamo, inzira ya crimpiping iratangira. Ibi bikubiyemo gukoresha imashini cyangwa igikoresho gitemba kugirango uhagarike bikwiye kuri hose, bikora umurongo wizewe. Igikoresho cya Crimping gikoreshwa gituruka ahantu hakwiye, kwemeza kashe ihamye. Iyi nzira irasubirwamo kuri buri nteko ya Hose, iremeza isano ihamye kandi yizewe.
B. Ibyiza byo Gukandamirwa
Cripping itanga inyungu nyinshi mugihe cyo gukura neza mu nganda. Ubwa mbere, guhuza hose Ikidodo gikomeye cyakozwe ninzira ya Crimping irinda kumeneka cyangwa kunanirwa, kureba ko hose bishobora kwihanganira gusaba inganda.
Byongeye kandi, guhumeka neza hanze bitanga ibisumbabyo birenze. Ndetse no gukwirakwiza igitutu hafi yabantu bikwiye byemeza ko nta ngingo zintege nke cyangwa icyuho aho yamenetse. Ibi ni ngombwa cyane munganda aho ihererekanyabubasha cyangwa imyuka ari ingenzi, nkuko bisohora byose bishobora kuvamo ingaruka z'umutekano cyangwa guta umutungo wagaciro.
Byongeye kandi, imiyoboro idahwitse yo guhuza yongereye igitutu nubushobozi bwurusengero. Ihuza ryizewe ryakozwe nuburiganya butuma hose bihanganira imikazo yo hejuru nubushyuhe butabangamiye ubunyangamugayo bwayo. Ibi bituma abakodesha baturutseho bibereye porogaramu nini yinganda zisaba imikorere yizewe mubihe bitoroshye.
C. Imipaka yo Gukandamirwa
Mugihe Crimping itanga inyungu nyinshi, ifite kandi imbogamizi zo gutekereza. Imipaka imwe nigisabwa kubikoresho n'amahugurwa yihariye. Imashini zimashini nibikoresho birakenewe kugirango ugere ku mutandara ukwiye kandi uhoraho. Byongeye kandi, abakora bakeneye gutozwa muburyo bwiza bwo gutesha agaciro kugirango tumenye ko amasano afite umutekano kandi wizewe. Ibi birashobora gusaba ishoramari ryinyongera mubikoresho kandi bigahugura ibigo bikoresha imiyoboro ya LOSE.
Indi mbogamizi ya Crimpiping nizo zihinduka ntarengwa zo gusimbuza hose cyangwa guhindura. Iyo igicucu kimaze gutumirwa, biragoye gusimbuza cyangwa guhindura utagabanije indangagaciro no gutangira inzira ya Crimping. Ibi birashobora kumara igihe gito kandi bihenze, cyane cyane munganda aho gusimbuza abantu benshi cyangwa impinduka zisabwa. Kubwibyo, gutegura neza no gutekereza kubikenewe bizaza birakenewe mugihe uhitamo guhuza.
D. Uturere dusaba
Gukata bikunze gukoreshwa mu nganda zitandukanye aho hose yinganda zifatizo ari ngombwa. Inzego nkizo ni ubwubatsi no gucukura amabuye y'agaciro. Muri iyi mirenge, amaherezo yakorewe ibihe bikomeye kandi ikoreshwa ry'akazi gakomeye. Guhuza hose Guhuza bitanga kwizerwa no kuramba kugirango bihangane ibidukikije bisaba ahantu ho kubaka no gukora amabuye y'agaciro.
Inganda za peteroli na gane nazo zishingiye cyane kumyenda ituruka. Ihererekanyabubasha ryamazi atandukanye kuri iyi nganda rirasaba guhuza umutekano kugirango wirinde kumeneka no kwemeza imikorere myiza kandi ikora neza. Cripping itanga ibyiringiro bikenewe ko amazu ashobora kwihanganira imikazo ndende kandi ibintu bikaze byahuye na peteroli na gaze, umusaruro, no gutwara abantu.
Byongeye kandi, inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga no gutwara abantu inyungu ziturutse ku ntera crse. Kuva ku murongo wa lisansi ugana feri, imiyoboro ya cripd yemeza ko amazi meza kandi yizewe mu binyabiziga. Kuramba no kurwanya guterwa no kumeneka bitewe n'umuhuza by'agaciro ni ngombwa mu mikorere ikwiye ya sisitemu y'imodoka, kureba umutekano w'abagenzi ndetse n'imikorere ikora neza.
Guhagarika: Ubumenyi bwihishe inyuma yumutekano
A. Ibisobanuro no gutunganya
Gusiganwa nubuhanga bwihariye bukoreshwa mu nteko ya hose yinganda. Harimo inzira yo kwizirika burundu kuri dese mugukabuza no gushushanya ikwiye kuri over imperuka. Iyi nzira itera ihuriro rikomeye kandi ryizewe rirwanya imbaraga zo hanze kandi rikora imikorere itagereranywa. Kugirango ubigereho, Gusiga bisaba gukoresha imashini zihariye nubuhanga.
Intambwe-kuntambwe ya-yintangiriro itangirana no gutegura ibyo bihuje kandi bikwiye. Gutsindwa kwuzuye byaciwe neza muburebure bukenewe kandi bugenzurwa nubusembwa ubwo aribwo bwose. Icy'ibikwiye kandi zigenzurwa kugirango ziremeza ko itarimo inenge. Imyiteguro imaze kurangira, impera zashyizwe mu bikorwa zikwiriye, kandi inzira yo gukina.
Imashini zihariye, nka mashini yo kuganduka cyangwa imashini ya hydraulic, ikoreshwa mugukoresha imbaraga no guhindura ibintu bikwiye kumurinzi. Iyi nzira ikubiyemo guhagarika ikwiye kuri ose irangirana nigitutu kinini, bigatuma ibyuma bitemba no guhuza imiterere ya quese. Igisubizo ni isano itekanye kandi ihoraho ishobora kwihanganira igitutu kinini nibihe bikabije.
B. Ibyiza byo Gutsinda
Impapuro zitanga ibyiza byinshi kubundi buryo bwa hose. Ubwa mbere, yahanamye hose amahuza atanga imbaraga zo kurwanya imbaraga zo hanze. Gukemura no guhindura bikwiranye nabyo birangira bikora isano ishobora kwihanganira igitutu, kunyeganyega, no guhangayika. Ibi byemeza ko hose hakomeje kuba umutekano kandi birinda bimenetse, bituma umutekano mu nganda.
Byongeye kandi, swand hose guhuza bitanga isura idafite aho no kugabanya ibyago byo gutontoma. Inzibacyuho yoroshye hagati yingirakamaro nayo hasi ikuraho impande zose zikaze cyangwa zikaranze, kugabanya amahirwe yo gufatwa cyangwa gukubitwa mugihe cyo gukora. Ibi ntibiteze imbere gusa inyigisho gusa ahubwo bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kuri hose, turanga ubuzima bwayo.
Byongeye kandi, gusiga birahujwe nibikoresho byinshi bya hose. Yaba reberi, imitsi, cyangwa amashanyarazi, swimbe irashobora gukoreshwa muguhuza neza uburyo butandukanye bwubwoko butandukanye. Ubu buryo butandukanye bwo gusiga amahitamo ahitamo mu nganda aho ibikoresho bitandukanye bya Hose bikoreshwa, biremeza ko ibikorwa bisanzwe byo guterana kandi byizewe kandi byizewe.
C. Imipaka yo Gutsinda
Nubwo inyungu nyinshi, gusiga bifite aho bigarukira bigomba gusuzumwa. Imipaka imwe nigiciro cyo hejuru cyambere kijyanye nimashini zihariye zisabwa kugirango zibeho. Ishoramari mubikoresho byo muganwa rishobora kuba ingirakamaro, cyane cyane kubucuruzi buto cyangwa abafite ibisabwa bigarukira kuri hose. Ariko, inyungu ndende zo guhuza Hose, nko kwizerwa no kugabanya ibiciro byo kubungabunga, akenshi biruta ishoramari ryambere.
Indi mbogamizi yo Gusiganwa nigipimo gito cyo gusana urubuga cyangwa gusimburwa. Iyo igicucu kimaze gukingura, biba isano rihoraho idashobora gusenywa byoroshye cyangwa gusanwa mumurima. Mugihe aho hose bigomba gusimburwa cyangwa gusanwa, Inteko yose ya Hose irashobora gukurikizwa gusimburwa, bikavamo igihe gito nigiciro. Kubwibyo, igenamigambi ryo gukumira no gukumira ni ngombwa kugirango dugabanye ibikenewe gusana urubuga cyangwa gusimburwa.
D. Uturere dusaba
Gusiganwa bikunze gukoreshwa munganda butandukanye bisaba guhuza umutekano. Inzego nkizo ni urwego rwa aerospace na toki, aho kwizerwa n'umutekano byayo ari ngombwa cyane. Imirongo ya hose ihuza muri sisitemu ya lisansi yindege, sisitemu ya hydraulic, nibindi bikorwa binegura, bugenga imikorere yubusa no kugabanya ibyago byo gutsindwa.
Inganda zo mu nyanja no kubaka ubwato naryo rikoresha cyane kongerera umutekano. Kuva kuri sisitemu yo kohereza lisansi kuri sisitemu ya hydraulic, inteko zayo zo muri Hose zitanga imbaraga nubwarakenewe kugirango bahangane nibidukikije byo mu nyanja. Kurwanya imbaraga zo hanze nubushobozi bwo kwakira ibikoresho bitandukanye bya Hose bituma habaho guhitamo neza kubisabwa Marine.
Byongeye kandi, guhagarika porogaramu mubyo gukora imiti no ku miti. Ibisabwa bishya kugirango bihuze byimiti nisuku bituma hose ihuza aho ihitamo. Kugaragara bidafite ishingiro no kugabanya ibyago byo kwanduza byatanzwe nudukoko twohereza amazi yo kwimura amazi, guhuza amahame yo mu rwego rwo hejuru yubwiza n'umutekano.
Guhitamo uburyo bukwiye: Ibintu ugomba gusuzuma
A. Ibiranga Yoo
Ku bijyanye no guhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo kubona ubuzima bw'inganda, ibintu byinshi bigomba kwitabwaho. Kimwe mu bitekerezo byingenzi nibiranga hose, birimo ibikoresho, ingano, nibigenewe gukoreshwa. Ibi bintu bigira uruhare rukomeye muguhitamo niba Cripipite cyangwa Gusiga nuburyo bwiza.
Ibikoresho bya hose ni ikintu cyingenzi ugomba gusuzuma. Ibikoresho bitandukanye bitanga urwego rutandukanye rwo guhinduka, kuramba, no kurwanya imiti na abrasion. Kurugero, amazu yakozwe muri reberi ya synthetic akunze gukoreshwa kugirango barwanye amavuta meza kumavuta n'imiti, mugihe amazu akozwe mubikoresho byo mu mitwe itanga ubushyuhe bwo guhinduka no kurwanya ubushyuhe bukabije. Guhitamo hagati yo gukata no guhagarara birashobora guterwa no guhuza ibikoresho bya hose hamwe na buri kintu.
Ingano ya ose nayo ifite uruhare runini mubikorwa byo gutoranya. Amateka manini akenera gatizi yo hejuru kugirango habeho imikorere n'umutekano byiza. Crimping izwiho ubushobozi bwo gutanga umurongo wizewe kandi udasukuye kuri hose nini ya diamester, bigatuma habaho guhitamo nkibi. Kurundi ruhande, gusiga birashobora kuba amahitamo akwiye kuri diameter mito ya diameter aho guhinduka no korohereza kwishyiriraho nibintu byingenzi.
Byongeye kandi, ishyirwa mubikorwa ryabantu bigomba gusuzumwa. Inganda zitandukanye hamwe nibisabwa bifite ibisabwa bidasanzwe nibisabwa. Kurugero, munganda aho gusaba umuvuduko mwinshi, nka sisitemu ya hydraulic, kugabanya ni uburyo bukunzwe kubera ubushobozi bwayo bwo guhangana ningutu zihanitse. Ku rundi ruhande, ku rundi ruhande, birashobora kuba bikwiye kubisabwa bisaba guhungabana kenshi kandi byihuse, nko mu nganda zitunganya imiti cyangwa ibirindiro.
B. Ibisabwa
Usibye ibiranga Ose, Ibisabwa kumikorere ya porogaramu nabyo bigira uruhare rukomeye mu kugena uburyo bukwiye bwo kubona ubuzima bw'inganda. Ibintu nko gutanga igitutu, ubushyuhe, hamwe nubushyuhe bugomba gusuzumwa neza.
Urutonde rwibituro bivuga igitutu kinini gishobora kwihanganira utahuye no kunanirwa. Gukata bizwi kubushobozi bwayo bwo gutanga umurongo ukomeye kandi wizewe ushobora gukemura ibibazo byimisozi miremire. Guhagarika, nubwo nabyo byashoboye kwihanganira imikazo ndende, birashobora kugira aho bigarukira mubijyanye nigipimo cyigitutu ugereranije no gukata. Kubwibyo, ibisabwa nigitutu bya porogaramu bigomba gusuzumwa mugihe uhitamo hagati yuburyo bubiri.
Ubushyuhe bwurugero ni ikindi kintu cyingenzi. Porogaramu zimwe zirimo ubushyuhe bukabije, haba hejuru cyangwa hasi, zishobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere nubusugire bwayo. Gukata muri rusange birahanganira gukabya ubushyuhe, bikaguma amahitamo akwiye kubisabwa birimo gutandukana kwubushyuhe. Gusiga uburyo bujyanye n'ubushyuhe bujyanye n'ubushyuhe, nko kumeneka cyangwa kugabanya guhinduka, muburyo bukabije bukabije.
Kurwanya kunyeganyega nabyo ni ikintu gikomeye cyo gusuzuma, cyane cyane mubyiciro aho hose bihura no kunyeganyega buri gihe. Gukata bizwiho gutanga isano itekanye kandi yizewe ishobora kwihanganira kunyeganyega nta kwiyongera. Guhagarika, nubwo bigishoboye gutanga isano ikomeye, birashobora kugira aho bigarukira mubijyanye no kurwanya vibration. Kubwibyo, urwego rwo kunyeganyega ruhura muri porogaramu rugomba kwitabwaho mugihe dufashe icyemezo hagati yo gutema no gusiga.
C. Ibitekerezo byagura
Usibye ibiranga hose nibisabwa byimikorere, ibitekerezo byamafaranga bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa byo gufata ibyemezo. Byombi gutondaga hamwe nuburyo bujyanye nibiciro bigomba gusuzumwa, harimo ishoramari ryambere, kubungabunga, no kumanura.
Igiciro cyambere cyishoramari kirimo ibikoresho nibikoresho bisabwa kuri buri buryo. Gukata mubisanzwe bisaba imashini zihariye zirapfa, zishobora kuba zihenze kugura cyangwa gukodesha. Kurundi ruhande, kurundi ruhande, birashobora gusaba ibikoresho byihariye, bigatuma habaho uburyo bushobora kuba buke mubijyanye nishoramari ryambere.
Ibiciro byo kubungabunga bigomba no kwitabwaho. Gukata bishobora gusaba kubungabungwa buri gihe, nko gusimbuza kwambarwa cyangwa guhita ibikoresho, kugirango bibe amasano ahoraho kandi yizewe. Guhagarika, nubwo muri rusange bisaba kubungabunga bike, birashobora gusaba ubugenzuzi bwigihe no guhinduka kugirango ukomeze imikorere myiza.
Ibishobora kwisiga ni ikindi kindi gisuzumwa. Mu nganda aho igihe cyagutse gishobora kuvamo igihombo gikomeye cyamafaranga, kugabanya igihe gisabwa guterana kwa Hose no gusimburwa ni ngombwa. Gukata bizwiho gukora neza n'umuvuduko, bituma hose zihuta kandi zizewe. Guhagarika, nubwo nabyo bishoboye gutanga amasano bifite umutekano, birashobora gusaba igihe nimbaraga zo guterana no guhungabana, birashoboka ko bishobora gutera igihe kirekire.
D. Kugerwaho no guhinduka
Ibisabwa nibisabwa byoroshye bya porogaramu nabyo bigira ingaruka hagati yo guhitamo hagati yo gukata no gusiga. Rimwe na rimwe, inzitizi z'umubiri zo kwishyiriraho zirashobora kugabanya amahitamo aboneka.
Crimping bisaba kugera ku mpande zombi za hose, zemerera kwinjiza indangagaciro hamwe na criping. Niba urubuga rwo kwishyiriraho rufite umwanya muto cyangwa rubujijwe, kugabanya ntibishobora kuba inzira zishoboka. Kuruhande, kurundi ruhande, birashobora kuba amahitamo yoroshye mubihe nkibi kuko yemerera inteko ya hose ahantu hafunganye cyangwa ahantu hafunganye.
Ibisabwa byoroshye nabyo biza gukina mugihe uhisemo hagati yuburyo bubiri. Porogaramu zimwe zisaba gusiga amavuta guhinduka cyane kugirango ucumbike kugenda cyangwa kunama. Guhagarika, hamwe nubushobozi bwayo bwo gutanga uburyo bworoshye, bushobora guhitamo ibintu nkibi. Gukata, nubwo bigishoboye gutanga amasano byoroshye, bishobora kugira imbogamizi ugereranije no guhagarara.
Umwanzuro
Mu gusoza, gukata no guhagarika uburyo bukoreshwa mu gukora imiyoboro y'umutekano mu nganda zitandukanye. Gutesha agaciro biraterana kuramba, kurwanya, no guhatira no kubaha ubushyuhe, ariko bisaba ibikoresho n'amahugurwa yihariye. Ku rundi ruhande, ku rundi ruhande, gutanga imbaraga zidasanzwe, isura idahwitse, no guhuza n'ibikoresho bitandukanye bya hose, ariko kandi bisaba imashini zihariye n'ubuhanga. Iyo uhisemo hagati yo gukata no gusiga, ibintu nkibi biranga hose, ibisabwa byimikorere, gutekereza kubiciro, no kubigeraho nibisabwa byoroshye bigomba gusuzumwa neza. Mugusuzuma ibi bintu, uburyo bukwiye burashobora guhitamo kugirango bahuze umutekano kandi wizewe murugo.
Ibibazo
Ikibazo: Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yo gukata no gusiga?
Igisubizo: Gukata nuburyo bwo kwinjiramo ibikoresho bibiri muguhindura umwe cyangwa bombi kubafata hamwe. Bikunze gukoreshwa mumashiro no insinga. Kuruhande, kurundi ruhande, ni inzira yo gukora isano rihoraho hagati yicyuma bibiri ukoresheje igitutu kugirango ushireho igice kimwe.
Ikibazo: Ni ubuhe buryo butanga neza kurwanya ubuzima bw'inganda?
Igisubizo: Byombi gutondaga hamwe nuburyo bwo kwirukana bitanga icyubahiro cyiza cyo kurwanya amazu yinganda. Ariko, guhambirwa muri rusange bifatwa nkihuza iteka kandi yizewe kubera uburyo bwa hose kandi bukwiye, bikavamo kashe ikomeye.
Ikibazo: Guteka * guhindurwa cyangwa gusanwa byoroshye?
Igisubizo: Amateka adahumanye ntabwo yahinduwe byoroshye cyangwa ngo asanwe. Iyo igicucu kimaze kugata, gikora isano rihoraho hagati ya hose kandi ikwiye. Kugirango uhindure cyangwa gusana hose igiciro gikata, igice cyose cyamanutse kigomba gucibwa kandi kigomba gutumirwa kuri hose.
Ikibazo: Byakozwe na hose guhuza bihuye nubwoko bwose bwa hose?
Igisubizo: Guhuza Hose bihuye nuburyo butandukanye bwubwoko bwe, harimo na rubber, inyoni, nicyuma. Ariko, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko inzira yo gusiganwa ikorwa neza kandi imiterere ikwiye ikoreshwa kugirango ihuze nuburyo butekanye.
Ikibazo: Ni izihe nganda zisanzwe zikoresha imiyoboro ya hose?
Igisubizo: Guhuza hose Guhuza bikoreshwa munganda nka hydraulic, imodoka, kubaka, no gukora. Izi nganda zishingiye kumikorere ya ORDST kubisabwa byigitutu byikirenga kandi ukeneye guhuza byizewe kandi byizewe.
Ikibazo: Nigute Gukora bitanga umusaruro wo kuzamura imbaraga zayo?
Igisubizo: Gukina bitanga umusaruro wongerewe imbaraga zongerewe mugukora isano rihoraho hagati ya hose hamwe nibikwiye. Inzira yo Gupangura yahinduye icyuma gikwirakwira hose, gitanga inkwano ikomeye kandi ifite umutekano. Ibi byongera imbaraga rusange no kuramba byinteko ya hose.
Ikibazo: ni swice ihenze kuruta gukata mugihe kirekire?
Igisubizo: Igiciro cyo gusiga cripping biterwa nibintu bitandukanye, nkubwoko bwa hose, amateraniro ya hose akeneye, kandi ibikoresho bisabwa kuri buri buryo. Muri rusange, gusiga birashobora kuba bihenze cyane kubera ibikoresho byihariye bikenewe. Ariko, mugihe kirekire, kwirukana birashobora kuba bikabije uko bisaba neza kandi bifite ibyago byo kumeneka cyangwa gutsindwa.
