Reba: 102 Umwanditsi: Muhinduzi wurubuga Gutangaza Igihe: 2024-01-19 Inkomoko: Urubuga
Mw'isi y'amazi, hari ibikoresho by'ingenzi bigira uruhare rudasanzwe kandi rukomeye mugukomeza gutembera kw'amazi mu miyoboro. Muri ibyo bikoresho, ibice bibiri bikunze kwitiranya ibintu biragaragara: Ibikoresho na Adapters. Mugihe aya magambo rimwe na rimwe akoreshwa mu buryo bumwe, ni ngombwa kumva ko atandukanye kandi akora imirimo yihariye muri sisitemu yo gukoresha amazi.
Muri iki kiganiro, tuzacengera mu itandukaniro rigaragara hagati ya fitingi na adapt, tumenye uruhare rwabo rwihariye muri pompe na hydraulic. Waba uri umunyeshuri wiga ibijyanye n'amazi cyangwa umusomyi ufite amatsiko, nurangiza iki kiganiro, uzasobanukirwa neza nibi bice byingenzi bya puzzle. Reka dusuzume isi ya fitingi na adapt hamwe!
Mu rwego rwa sisitemu ya hydraulic, fitingi nintwari zitavuzwe za sisitemu ya hydraulic, ikora nkumuhuza wingenzi uzana ibice byose mubuzima. Byaba ari ukugenzura imigendekere yimigabane, guhinduranya ubutumburuke, cyangwa kugenzura umuvuduko, ibyuma bigira uruhare runini mugukora neza no kwizerwa ryibikoresho bya hydraulic.
Ibikoresho, murwego rwa sisitemu ya hydraulic, nibice byingenzi bishinzwe kwemeza guhuza umutekano hagati yimiyoboro itandukanye, nka hose hamwe nigituba. Intego yabo y'ibanze ni ukorohereza urujya n'uruza rw'amazi ya hydraulic nta gutemba cyangwa guhindagurika k'umuvuduko utifuzwa. Shushanya nk'ihuza rikomeye hagati ya hydraulic hamwe nibikoresho byo gukoresha amazi.
Ibikoresho, akenshi bikozwe mubikoresho-byinganda-nganda kugirango byemeze kwizerwa, bikora nkibice nyamukuru bihuza sisitemu ya hydraulic. Nibintu byibanze bishinzwe guhuza ibice byimashini zikomeye, guhuza ibice byimashini, no guhuza imashini. Mubyukuri, fitingi nifatizo nyamukuru ituma sisitemu ya hydraulic ikora neza.
Noneho ko tumaze gusobanukirwa n'akamaro k'ibikoresho, reka dusuzume ahantu hatandukanye h’ibikoresho bya hydraulic, buri kimwe kigenewe imirimo yihariye. Mubikoresho byinshi, ubwoko butatu bugaragara buragaragara: ORB, JIC, hamwe nabagabo-kubagabo.
l ORB (O-Impeta Boss) Ibikoresho: Ibi bikoresho byakozwe hamwe na ORB kandi bikurikiza amahame ya ORB. Ziza mubipimo bitandukanye, zemeza guhuza nibice bitandukanye. Ibikoresho bya ORB nibyo bijya guhitamo mugihe ukeneye ihuza ryizewe kandi ridasohoka.
l JIC (Inama ihuriweho ninganda) Ibikoresho: Ibikoresho bya JIC biranga JIC birangira kandi bihuye nibipimo bya JIC. Ibipimo byabo byuzuye bituma biba byiza kubikorwa aho guhuza umutekano kandi bisanzwe. Ibikoresho bya JIC nibyingenzi muri sisitemu ya hydraulic kugirango ihuze kandi ikore neza.
l Guhuza Abagabo-Abagabo: Ibi bikoresho byorohereza guhuza ibice byabagabo kandi bigengwa nuburinganire bwinganda. Batanga ibintu byinshi kandi byizewe, bigatuma bahitamo agaciro muburyo butandukanye bwa hydraulic.
Kugirango twumve neza akamaro ka fitingi, reka tubisuzume mubikorwa dukoresheje ingero zifatika hamwe nubushakashatsi bwakozwe. Ibikoresho bisanga ibyashyizwe mubikorwa byinshi, byemeza imikorere ya sisitemu ya hydraulic.
Inyigo ya 1: Igenzura ry'imigezi
Tekereza sisitemu ya hydraulic aho bikenewe kugirango bagabanye umuvuduko w'amazi ya hydraulic mubyerekezo bitandukanye. Hano, ibikoresho biza gukoreshwa mukwemerera gushiraho imiyoboro yamashami, kugenzura neza ikwirakwizwa ryamazi. Iyi porogaramu yerekana guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ibikoresho.
Inyigisho ya 2: Guhindura Uburebure
Mubihe bimwe na bimwe, sisitemu ya hyd
Inyigo ya 3: Amabwiriza agenga igitutu
Sisitemu ya Hydraulic ikunze guhura nibibazo bijyanye nihindagurika ryumuvuduko. Ibikoresho, byakozwe neza kugirango bihuze imiyoboro hamwe na hose neza, bigira uruhare mugukomeza gutemba kwamazi no kugabanya itandukaniro ryumuvuduko. Kwizerwa kwabo ningirakamaro mugukomeza ibikoresho bya hydraulic.
Noneho, reka twerekeze ibitekerezo byacu kubihuza na sisitemu ya hydraulic. Adapteri, kimwe na fitingi, nibintu byingenzi, ariko bifite imiterere itandukanye kandi ikora imirimo idasanzwe. Muri iki gice, tuzacukumbura mubisobanuro, imikorere, ubwoko, hamwe nukuri-kwisi kwisi ya adapt.
Adapters nibintu byingenzi bigize sisitemu ya hydraulic, yashizweho kugirango ishoboze guhuza hagati yubudodo bunini butandukanye. Mugihe uruhare rwabo rusa nkaho rufatika ukireba, adaptate ifite intego yihariye na maquillage yimiterere ibatandukanya.
Imikorere ya adaptate iri mubushobozi bwabo bwo guca icyuho hagati yibigize ubusanzwe bidahuye kubera itandukaniro ryubunini bwurwego cyangwa ibipimo. Bitandukanye na fitingi, yibanda cyane cyane kumihuza itekanye muri sisitemu ya hydraulic, adapt zinjira mugihe bikenewe mugihe cyo guhuza hydraulic ibice byubunini nubwoko butandukanye. Tekereza nk'aborohereza guhinduranya muri sisitemu y'amazi na hydraulic.
Adaptator ziza muburyo butandukanye kugirango zihuze ibyifuzo bitandukanye bya sisitemu ya hydraulic. Ubwoko butatu bugaragara ni imiterere ya T-imiterere, imiterere-y-imiterere, hamwe na adapt-ebyiri.
l Imiterere ya T-imiterere: Izi adaptate zisa ninyuguti 'T ' mumiterere yabyo kandi zikoreshwa mugihe hasabwa guhuza amashami. Borohereza kurema inzira nyinshi muri sisitemu ya hydraulic, ituma amazi atembera mubyerekezo bitandukanye. T-imiterere ya adapteri ni amahitamo atandukanye kubintu bigoye byo gushiraho amazi.
l Adapters imeze nk'imisaraba: Adaptate zimeze nk'imisaraba zifite imiterere isa n'umusaraba, itanga ingingo enye zihuza. Nibyingenzi mugihe ibice byinshi bigomba guhurira kumurongo umwe. Adaptateri zambukiranya imipaka zituma amazi agenda neza kandi akoreshwa muburyo bukomeye bwa hydraulic.
l Adaptateri ebyiri zirangiye: Nkuko izina ribigaragaza, adaptate ebyiri zanyuma zitanga amahuza kumpande zombi. Bikora nk'ikiraro hagati yibigize bifite ubunini butandukanye, bigahuzwa kandi bigafasha guteranya sisitemu ya hydraulic byoroshye.
Imikoreshereze ya adaptate igera kuri ssenariyo aho guhuza ibice aribyo byingenzi. Kurugero, mugihe uhuza ibipimo bya metero birangirira kuri BSPP (British Standard Parallel Pipe) ikwiranye, adaptate ikenewe irasabwa gukemura icyuho kiri hagati yibi bipimo bitandukanye. Adaptator ikora nkumuhuza, yemerera ibice byubunini nubwoko butandukanye kubana neza muri sisitemu ya hydraulic.
Mubikorwa nyabyo-isi, adaptate yisanga mumutima wa sisitemu ya hydraulic yinganda, byorohereza guhuza ibipimo bitandukanye nubunini. Reka dusuzume ingero nke kugirango twumve akamaro kazo:
Urugero rwa 1: Inteko yimashini
Tekereza ku ruganda rukora rushingiye ku bikoresho bya hydraulic biva mu nganda zitandukanye ku isi. Izi mashini zirashobora gukurikiza amahame atandukanye nka SAE, ISO , cyangwa ibipimo bya metero. Adaptator igira uruhare runini muguhuza ibice bitandukanye, sisitemu ya hydraulic ikora neza.
Urugero rwa 2: Gusana umurima
Mu kubungabunga no gusana ibintu, abatekinisiye bo mumirima bakunze guhura na sisitemu ya hydraulic hamwe nibice bigize ubunini butandukanye. Adapteri ziza gutabara, zifasha abatekinisiye gusimbuza, gusana, cyangwa kuzamura ibice bitabaye ngombwa ko bahinduka cyane.
Urugero rwa 3: Guhinduranya
Adaptator ningirakamaro mugihe sisitemu ya hydraulic ikeneye guhuza nibisabwa bigenda bihinduka. Bemerera guhinduranya ibice, bigatuma bishoboka kuzamura cyangwa guhindura sisitemu nta kiguzi nuburemere bwo kuvugurura ibyashizweho byose.
Adapters nintwari zicecekeye zuzuza icyuho muri sisitemu ya hydraulic, ituma habaho guhuza ibice bifite ubunini butandukanye nubunini. Ubwinshi bwabo, bufatanije nuruhare rwabo muguhuza ubwuzuzanye, bituma babaye ingenzi kwisi ya pompe na hydraulics.
Noneho ko tumaze gusuzuma imiterere yihariye ya fitingi na adaptate, igihe kirageze cyo gukemura inzovu mucyumba - urujijo rukunze kuvuka bitewe nijambo risangiwe hamwe nimirimo ihuriweho. Muri iki gice, tuzareba impamvu fitingi na adaptate
Imwe mumpamvu zambere zitera urujijo rukikije fitingi na adaptate ni ugukoresha imvugo isangiwe hamwe nibikorwa bisa nkaho. Sisitemu ya Hydraulic yuzuyemo amagambo ashobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bumwe, bigatuma bigora gutandukanya ibice. Kurugero, amagambo nka 'abahuza, ' 'abahuza, ' cyangwa 'abahuza ' barashobora kwerekeza kuri fitingi cyangwa adaptate, bigira uruhare mukuvanga.
Byongeye kandi, ibyuma byombi hamwe na adaptate bigira uruhare runini muri sisitemu ya hydraulic ihuza ibice bitandukanye. Bameze nkintwari zitavuzwe zemeza imikorere yimashini ya hydraulic. Inshingano zisangiwe zirushijeho guhuza imirongo hagati yabo.
Mu nganda zikoresha amazi na hydraulic, imyumvire itari yo kubijyanye na fitingi na adaptate ntibisanzwe. Iyi myumvire itari yo akenshi ituruka ku kutumva neza byimbitse. Bimwe mubisanzwe bikunze kwibeshya harimo:
l Guhinduranya Amagambo: Abantu benshi bakoresha ijambo 'fittings ' na 'adaptate ' mu buryo bumwe, bakeka ko bakora intego zimwe. Mugihe basangiye bimwe, nkuko twabigenzuye, bafite imikorere nibikorwa bitandukanye.
l Kwizera guhuza isi yose: Ikindi gitekerezo kitari cyo nukwemera ko fitingi na adaptate bihuza isi yose. Mubyukuri, guhuza biterwa nibintu nkubunini bwurudodo, ibipimo, nibice bya hydraulic byihariye birimo.
l Kwirengagiza Itandukaniro: Abantu bamwe birengagiza itandukaniro riri hagati yimiterere na adapt, bakeka ko abahuza bose baremwe kimwe. Ubu bugenzuzi bushobora kuganisha ku guhitamo bidakwiye muri sisitemu ya hydraulic.
Reka dusenye itandukaniro ryibanze hagati yimiterere na adaptate ukoresheje kugereranya kuruhande:
Icyerekezo |
Ibikoresho |
Adapters |
Imikorere |
Huza ama hose hamwe nigituba neza. |
Ikiraro gihuza ibice bifite ubunini butandukanye cyangwa ibipimo. |
Ubwoko |
Ubwoko butandukanye bwo guhuza umutekano. |
Ubwoko nka T-shusho, Ifite ishusho, na bibiri-byarangiye kugirango bihuze. |
Ikoreshwa |
Intangarugero ya hydraulic fluid itemba. |
Korohereza guhuza muri sisitemu ya hydraulic. |
Wibande |
Umutekano wo guhuza. |
Guhuza ibice bitandukanye. |
Ingero |
JIC, NPT, Ibikoresho byapimwe. |
ORB, JIC, adaptate ebyiri zirangiye. |
Guhitamo hagati ya fitingi na adaptateur mubikorwa bifatika biterwa nibyifuzo bya sisitemu ya hydraulic. Dore ubuyobozi bufatika:
l Ibikoresho: Hitamo ibikoresho mugihe impungenge zawe zambere ari ihuriro ryumutekano hagati ya hose, tebes, nibice bya hydraulic. Nibyiza kubungabunga amazi ya hydraulic no kwemeza umuyoboro utekanye.
l Adaptator: Koresha adaptate mugihe ukeneye guhuza amasano hagati yibice bifite ubunini butandukanye cyangwa ibipimo. Adapteri zituma habaho guhuza, zikaba ngombwa mugihe zikorana nibice bitandukanye bya hydraulic.
Mugihe ibyuma na adaptate bisangiye ijambo kandi bifite aho bihuriye, bifite uruhare rutandukanye muri sisitemu ya hydraulic. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro nibyingenzi muguhitamo neza mugihe cyo guteranya sisitemu ya hydraulic no kwirinda imyumvire mibi isanzwe muruganda.
Mwisi ya sisitemu ya hydraulic, guhitamo ibikoresho byiza bya hydraulic nibyingenzi kugirango habeho imikorere myiza numutekano. Waba uhitamo ibikoresho cyangwa adaptate, ibintu byinshi bigomba kwitabwaho kugirango ufate ibyemezo byuzuye.
Ku bijyanye n'ibikoresho, ibi bintu bigomba kuyobora inzira yawe yo guhitamo:
Guhuza : Witondere cyane ubwoko bwurudodo, uburyo bwo gufunga, nibisabwa na torque. Kwemeza guhuza hagati yibindi bikoresho bya hydraulic nibyingenzi kugirango wirinde kumeneka no guhindagurika.
l Ibikoresho: Ibikoresho bikwiye bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa byayo. Hitamo ibikoresho-byinganda bizwi kubwiza no kwizerwa. Ibi byemeza ko ibikwiye bishobora kwihanganira ibisabwa na sisitemu ya hydraulic.
l Inyigo: Gukoresha neza muri Hydraulic Sisitemu: Kwigira kuburorero-nyabwo burashobora gushishoza bidasanzwe. Shakisha ubushakashatsi bwerekana imikoreshereze myiza yimikorere muri sisitemu ya hydraulic. Izi nkuru zirashobora gutanga amasomo yingirakamaro hamwe nigitekerezo cyimishinga yawe.
Mu buryo nk'ubwo, adaptate isaba gutekereza neza ukurikije ibintu bikurikira:
l Guhuza: Nka fitingi, adaptate igomba guhuza nibice bahuza. Ibi birimo ubunini bwurudodo, uburyo bwo gufunga, hamwe nibipimo. Buri gihe ugenzure guhuza mbere yo kwishyiriraho.
l Ibikoresho: Ibikoresho bya adaptate ni ngombwa nkibikoresho. Hitamo adapteri ikozwe mubikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge kugirango urebe ko ishobora gukemura ibyifuzo byo guhuza ibice bitandukanye muri sisitemu ya hydraulic.
l Inyigo: Gukoresha neza muri Hydraulic Sisitemu: Shakisha ubushakashatsi bwerekana uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha adaptate muri sisitemu ya hydraulic. Izi ngero zifatika-zishobora gutanga ubushishozi bwigihe nuburyo bwo gukoresha adaptate neza.
Kwishyiriraho neza ni urufunguzo rwo gukora no kuramba kwa hydraulic. Kurikiza ubu buryo bwiza:
l Guhuza umutekano: Menya neza ko uhuza umutekano hagati ya hose, imiyoboro, hamwe n’ibikoresho bya hydraulic kugirango wirinde kumeneka no gukomeza amazi ya hydraulic. Koresha itara rikwiye kugirango ubigereho.
l Guhuza Urudodo: Menya neza ko insanganyamatsiko ziri zikwiranye nizo mubice uhuza. Imitwe idahuye irashobora kuganisha kubibazo bihuye nibishobora kwangirika.
Mugihe cyo gushiraho adaptate ya hydraulic, ibikorwa byiza nkibi bikurikizwa:
l Ikiraro cyizewe: Adaptator igomba guhuza neza guhuza ibice bifite ubunini butandukanye cyangwa ibipimo. Shishoza kabiri ko adapter ihuza ibice byombi.
l Guhuza Urudodo: Nka hamwe na fitingi, wemeze ko insinga za adapt zihuye nibice bihuza.
Kugirango umenye neza igihe kirekire numutekano wa sisitemu ya hydraulic, kurikiza izi nama zo kubungabunga:
l Kugenzura buri gihe ibyuma na adaptate byerekana ibimenyetso byambaye, byangiritse, cyangwa bitemba.
l Simbuza ibice byose byerekana ibimenyetso byo kwambara cyangwa kwangirika bidatinze.
Komeza guhuza hydraulic isuku kandi idafite umwanda kugirango wirinde kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika.
Gukemura Ibibazo Bisanzwe
Mugihe habaye ibibazo hamwe na hydraulic ihuza, tekereza intambwe zisanzwe zo gukemura ibibazo:
l Reba niba uhuze kandi wongere ubizirikane nkuko bikenewe.
Kugenzura niba ibice byose byashizweho neza kandi bihuye.
l Kemura ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose gisohoka ako kanya kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwa sisitemu ya hydraulic.
Guhitamo ibikoresho byiza bya hydraulic, byaba fitingi cyangwa adaptate, bisaba gusobanukirwa neza guhuza, ubwiza bwibintu, hamwe nibikorwa byiza mugushiraho no kubungabunga. Ukurikije ibi bitekerezo no kwigira kubushakashatsi bwukuri kwisi, urashobora kwemeza imikorere myiza no kuramba kwa sisitemu ya hydraulic.
Kuri RuiHua Inganda Hose & Fittings, twishimiye kuba umutanga wawe wizewe kubyo ukeneye byose bya hydraulic bikwiye hamwe na adapt. Hamwe no kwiyemeza ubuziranenge, urutonde rwibisubizo byihariye, hamwe nubwitange bwa serivise zo hejuru-abakiriya, turi hano kugirango twuzuze ibisabwa byihariye mwisi ya sisitemu ya hydraulic.
Iyo bigeze kuri hydraulic fitingi na adapt, dutanga urwego rwuzuye rwagenewe guhuza porogaramu zitandukanye. Waba ukeneye fitingi kumiyoboro, ama shitingi, cyangwa ibice, turagutwikiriye. Ibikoresho byacu byakozwe kugirango habeho guhuza umutekano, kwirinda kumeneka, no koroshya amazi meza. Twunvise akamaro ko guhuza no gutanga ibisubizo bihuza sisitemu ya hydraulic sisitemu.
Twese tuzi ko sisitemu zose za hydraulic zakozwe kimwe. Niyo mpamvu twihariye mugutanga ibisubizo byihariye kugirango twuzuze ibisabwa byihariye. Waba ukeneye fitingi ifite ubunini bwurudodo rwihariye, adapteri kubipimo bisanzwe bidasanzwe, cyangwa ibisubizo byabigenewe byo gushiraho amazi meza, itsinda ryinzobere ryiteguye kugufasha. Twizera kugenda ibirometero birenze kugirango tumenye neza ko sisitemu ya hydraulic ikora neza.
Serivise nziza hamwe nabakiriya ni ishingiro ryindangagaciro. Dutanga ibikoresho-byinganda zinganda kubukorikori hamwe na adaptate byizewe kandi biramba. Ibyo twiyemeje kugira ubuziranenge birenze ibicuruzwa byacu; bigaragarira muri serivisi zidasanzwe zabakiriya. Turi hano kugirango dusubize ibibazo byawe, dutange ubuyobozi bwinzobere, kandi tugufashe guhitamo ibikoresho byiza bya hydraulic kubyo ukeneye. Guhazwa kwawe nibyo dushyize imbere.
Kubonana natwe biroroshye. Waba ufite ibibazo, ukeneye amagambo, cyangwa witeguye gutanga itegeko, turi guhamagara cyangwa imeri kure. Kwegera itsinda ryacu ryabigenewe, tuzaguha amakuru nubufasha ukeneye. Ibikoresho bya hydraulic hamwe na adaptor ibisabwa biri mumaboko ashoboye hamwe na RuiHua Inganda Hose & Fittings.
Mu gusoza, iyi mfashanyigisho yuzuye yinjiye mu isi ya hydraulic fiting na adaptate, itanga urumuri kubisobanuro byabo, ubwoko, imikoreshereze, nibitandukaniro ryingenzi hagati yabo. Twasuzumye uburyo fitingi ikora kugirango ihuze neza ibice byimashini nigituba nu miyoboro, hibandwa ku guhinduka kwingenzi nka ORB, JIC, no guhuza abagabo-ku bagabo.
Ku rundi ruhande, adaptator zerekanwe, zigaragaza imiterere n'imikorere yihariye ibatandukanya n'ibikoresho. Twasuzumye ubwoko butandukanye bwa adaptateur, nka T-shusho, Ifite umusaraba, hamwe na adaptate ebyiri-zuzuye, hamwe ninshingano zabo zikomeye muri sisitemu yo gukoresha amazi.
Kugira ngo dukemure urujijo rusanzwe mu nganda, twaganiriye ku mpamvu za fitingi na adapteri bivangwa kenshi, bigasobanura imyumvire itari yo kandi bigatanga isesengura rigereranya kugira ngo riyobore imikoreshereze yabyo.
Kubashaka uburyo bwiza nibitekerezo, twerekanye ibintu byo guhitamo ibikoresho byiza bya hydraulic, harimo guhuza, ibikoresho, hamwe nubushakashatsi bwukuri-bwisi. Byongeye kandi, kwishyiriraho no gufata neza imikorere myiza yatanzwe, hamwe ninama zo gukemura ibibazo bya sisitemu ya hydraulic idafite gahunda.
RuiHua Inganda Hose & Fittings yatangijwe nkumuntu utanga ibyiringiro, atanga urutonde rwibikoresho bya hydraulic hamwe na adaptate, ibisubizo byabigenewe, kwiyemeza kutajegajega kubuziranenge, na serivisi zidasanzwe zabakiriya. Twandikire uyu munsi kubyo ukeneye byose bya hydraulic.
Ikibazo: Ni irihe tandukaniro nyamukuru riri hagati yimiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro?
Igisubizo: Ibikoresho bihindura icyerekezo; adaptate ihuza ubwoko butandukanye.
Ikibazo: Urashobora guhinduranya ibikoresho hamwe na adapt muri sisitemu yo gukoresha amazi?
Igisubizo: Yego, niba ihuza ryubwoko nubunini bihuye.
Ikibazo: Nigute ushobora guhitamo ibikwiye cyangwa adaptate ya progaramu runaka?
Igisubizo: Reba guhuza, kugereranya igitutu, nibikoresho.
Ikibazo: Haba hari ubunini busanzwe bwa fitingi na adaptate mu nganda?
Igisubizo: Yego, ibipimo bibaho kugirango bihuze muri porogaramu.
Ikibazo: Ni ibihe bimenyetso byerekana ko bikwiye cyangwa adaptate igomba gusimburwa?
Igisubizo: Kumeneka, kwangirika, cyangwa ibyangiritse bigaragara byerekana gusimburwa.
Ikibazo: Ese adapteri ishobora kuba nkibihe bimwe na bimwe?
Igisubizo: Yego, mugihe uhuza nibikorwa bikwiye.
Ikibazo: Ni izihe ngaruka zo gukoresha ibikoresho bidahuye cyangwa adaptate?
Igisubizo: Kumeneka, kunanirwa kwa sisitemu, cyangwa guhungabanicuruzwa bisanzwe
