Ukubuka: 49 Umbhali: Isikhathi Sokushicilela Isihleli Sesayithi: 2023-07-25 Umsuka: Isayithi
Ukufakwa kweHydraulic kudlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nangempumelelo kwezinhlelo ezisebenza ngogesi. Lokhu kufakwa kuyizingxenye ezibalulekile ezixhuma izingxenye ezahlukene zesistimu ye-hydraulic, okuvumela ukudluliswa koketshezi kanye nokudluliswa kwamandla. Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kokufakwa kwe-hydraulic kubalulekile kunoma ngubani obambe iqhaza ezimbonini ezifana nezokukhiqiza, ezokwakha, noma ezokuthutha, lapho kusetshenziswa khona kakhulu amasistimu asebenza ngamanzi.
Emkhakheni wokufakwa kwe-hydraulic, kubalulekile ukuba nokuqonda okuqinile kwama-akhronimi ahlukahlukene asetshenziselwa ukuchaza izinhlobo ezahlukene zokufakwa. Isifinyezo esinjalo esibaluleke kakhulu i-JIC, emele i-Joint Industry Council. Ukufakwa kwe-JIC kusetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezisebenza ngamanzi ngenxa yokuthembeka kwazo nokuguquguquka. Kodwa-ke, ukucacisa nokuqonda lawa makhronimi kungaba inselele kulabo abasha embonini noma abangawazi amagama.
Kulesi sihloko, sizongena emhlabeni wokufakwa kwe-hydraulic, sihlole ukubaluleka kwakho ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene futhi sikhanyise ngokubaluleka kokuqonda ama-acronyms, sigxile kakhulu ku-JIC. Ngokuthola ukuqonda okuphelele kokufakwa kwama-hydraulic nama-acronyms, ochwepheshe bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi lapho bekhetha ukufakwa okufanele kwezinhlelo zabo ze-hydraulic, baqinisekise ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka. Ngakho-ke, ake sijule futhi sembule ubunkimbinkimbi bokufakwa kwe-hydraulic kanye nokubaluleka kwama-acronyms kule nkambu eguquguqukayo.
I-JIC, emele i-Joint Industry Council, iyindinganiso eyaziwa kabanzi futhi ehlonishwayo esizindeni sokufakwa kwe-hydraulic. UMkhandlu Wezimboni Ohlanganyelwe wasungulwa ukuze uhlanganise ochwepheshe bemboni abahlukahlukene nabakhiqizi ukuze bakhe isethi efanayo yamazinga okufakwa kwamanzi okudonsa amanzi. Lokhu kumiswa kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokushintshana phakathi kwemikhiqizo ehlukene yabakhiqizi, okwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukukhetha nokufaka ukufakwa kwe-hydraulic ngaphandle kwezinkinga zokuhambisana.
Ukuhambisana kwe-JIC esizindeni sokufakwa kwe-hydraulic akukwazi ukweqiwa. Ngokusetshenziswa kokufakwa kwe-JIC, amasistimu we-hydraulic angasebenza kahle nangempumelelo. Lokhu kufakwa kuklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngoxhumano oluvikelekile nolungavuzi phakathi kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene zesistimu ye-hydraulic, njengamapayipi, amapayipi, namavalvu. Izinga le-JIC liqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu kufakwa kwenzelwe ukucaciswa okunembayo, okuqinisekisa ukwethembeka nokusebenza kwazo.
Umlando we-JIC uhlehlela emuva ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 lapho isidingo sokumiswa embonini yokufakwa kwe-hydraulic sibonakala. Ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwe-JIC, bekunokuntuleka kokufana ekwakhiweni nasekulinganeni kokufakwa kwe-hydraulic, okuvame ukuholela ezinkingeni zokuhambisana nokwenyuka kwezindleko kubasebenzisi. Ngokubona le nkinga, abaholi bezimboni bahlangana ukuze bakhe uMkhandlu Wezimboni Ezihlangene ngawo-1930.
UMkhandlu Wezimboni Ezihlangene wawuhlose ukuthuthukisa isethi evamile yamazinga okufakwa kwamanzi okudonsa amanzi azokwamukelwa futhi amukelwe abakhiqizi emhlabeni wonke. Ngokucwaninga okubanzi nokusebenzisana, ikomidi le-JIC lisungule isethi ebanzi yezicaciso zokufakwa kwe-hydraulic, okuhlanganisa osayizi bentambo, ama-engeli, nokubekezelelana. Lawa mazinga aklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okokufaka okuvela kubakhiqizi abahlukene kungashintshwa kalula ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza noma ukuphepha.
Kusukela yasungulwa, i-JIC iye yazuza ukwamukelwa nokutholwa kabanzi embonini yokufakwa kwe-hydraulic. Abakhiqizi emhlabeni jikelele bamukele izinga le-JIC, bebona izinzuzo zalo ngokuya ngokuhambisana, ukwethembeka, kanye nokusebenziseka kalula. Ukumiswa kokufakwa kwe-JIC kwenze kwaba lula kakhulu inqubo yokukhetha nokufaka yamasistimu asebenza ngogesi, konga kokubili isikhathi nemali kubasebenzisi.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zokufakwa kwe-JIC ukushintshana kwazo. Ngenxa yobukhulu obujwayelekile kanye nokucaciswa, ukufakwa kwe-JIC okuvela kubakhiqizi abahlukene kungashintshwa kalula ngaphandle kwesidingo sokulungiswa okwengeziwe noma ukulungiswa. Lokhu kuguquguquka akwenzi nje kuphela inqubo yokufaka ibe lula kodwa futhi kuvumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu ekwakhiweni nasekugcinweni kwesistimu.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yokufakwa kwe-JIC ukusebenza kwayo okungavuzi. Izinga le-JIC liqinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa kukhiqizwa ukuze kubekezelelane okuqinile, kuncishiswe ubungozi bokuvuza kanye nokuqinisekisa ubuqotho besistimu ye-hydraulic. Lokhu kuthembeka kubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho ngisho nokuvuza okuncane kungaholela ekuphelelweni isikhathi okukhulu, ukulahlekelwa umkhiqizo, kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona zokuphepha.
I-JIC fittings, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Joint Industry Council fittings, iwuhlobo lokufakwa kwe-hydraulic oluvame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene. Lokhu kufakwa kuklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokuxhumeka okuthembekile nokungavuziyo phakathi kwezingxenye zama-hydraulic, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo ezisebenza ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Ukufakwa kwe-JIC kwaziwa ngokwakhiwa kwakho okuqinile nokusebenza okukhethekile. Aqukethe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko: umzimba ofanelekayo, umkhono, namantongomane. Umzimba owufanelekelayo ngokuvamile wenziwe ngensimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu noma insimbi engagqwali, eqinisekisa ukuqina nokumelana nokugqwala. Umkhono, owaziwa nangokuthi i-ferrule, ucezu oluncane lwe-cylindrical olubekwe phezu kokuphela kwepayipi le-hydraulic. Isebenza njenge-compression seal, evimbela noma yikuphi ukuvuza ukuthi kungenzeki. I-nut isetshenziselwa ukuvikela ukulinganisa ngokuyiqinisa emzimbeni ofanelekayo, ukucindezela umkhono nokudala ukuvala okuqinile.
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zokuklama kokufakwa kwe-JIC i-engeli yabo ye-37-degree flare. Le engeli ethize ivumela ukuxhumana okuthembekile nokuvikelekile phakathi kwe-fitting kanye ne-hydraulic component. I-engeli yokuvuleka iqinisekisa ukuthi ukulingana kungakwazi ukumelana nokucindezela okuphezulu nokudlidliza ngaphandle kokuxegiswa noma ukuvuza. Ukwengeza, i-angle ye-37-degree flare inikeza indawo enkulu yokuvala, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwamakhono okuvala kanye nokwanda kokumelana nokuvuza.
Ukufakwa kwe-JIC kunikeza izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezizenza zibe yinketho ekhethwayo kumasistimu we-hydraulic. Okokuqala, ukuklama kwabo kuvumela ukufakwa nokususwa kalula, okubenza babe lula kakhulu ukugcinwa nokulungisa izinjongo. Ukusetshenziswa komkhono kanye nesistimu yamantongomane kwenza inqubo yokuhlanganisa ibe lula, kunciphisa isikhathi nomzamo odingekayo ukuxhuma izingxenye ze-hydraulic.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sokufakwa kwe-JIC ukuguquguquka kwazo. Lokhu kufakwa kuyatholakala ngebanga elibanzi losayizi nokucushwa, okukuvumela ukuthi kusetshenziswe ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene zama-hydraulic. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isistimu ye-hydraulic yokucindezela okuphezulu noma i-low-pressure, ukufakwa kwe-JIC kungakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukene. Lokhu kuguquguquka kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokushintshashintsha, okwenza ukufakwa kwe-JIC kube yisixazululo esingabizi kakhulu sokuklama nokuqaliswa kwesistimu ye-hydraulic.
Ngokungeziwe kuzici zabo zokuklama, ukufakwa kwe-JIC kunikeza izingxenye ezimbalwa ezinomthelela ekusebenzeni kwazo zonke. Enye ingxenye enjalo i-O-ring, evame ukusetshenziswa ekufakweni kwe-JIC ukuze inikeze isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvala. I-O-ring ifakwa phakathi komzimba owufanelekelayo kanye namantongomane, okwenza isivalo esiqinile esivimbela noma yikuphi ukuvuza. Lesi sici sibaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho isistimu ye-hydraulic isebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu noma izwa ukudlidliza okuvamile.
Ukusetshenziswa kokufakwa kwe-JIC ezinhlelweni zamanzi kunikeza izinzuzo nezinzuzo eziningi. Okokuqala, ukuxhumana kwabo okuthembekile nokungavuziyo kuqinisekisa ubuqotho besistimu ye-hydraulic. Lokhu kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni noma yikuphi ukuvuza koketshezi, okungaholela ekungasebenzini kahle kwesistimu, ukwehluleka kwengxenye, kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona zokuphepha. Ukufakwa kwe-JIC kunikeza ukuxhumana okuvikelekile okungamelana nezingcindezi eziphezulu, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle kwesistimu ye-hydraulic.
Enye inzuzo yokufakwa kwe-JIC ukuhambisana kwazo nezinhlobo ezahlukene zamapayipi amanzi. Lokhu kufakwa kungasetshenziswa ngawo womabili amapayipi enjoloba nawe-thermoplastic, okuvumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu ekwakhiweni kwesistimu. Lokhu kuhambisana kuqeda isidingo sokufakwa okukhethekile kwezinto ezihlukene zamapayipi, ukwenza lula inqubo yokuthenga nokunciphisa izindleko zokusungula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakwa kwe-JIC kwaziwa ngokuqina kwakho nempilo ende yesevisi. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ekwakhiweni kwazo kuqinisekisa ukumelana kwazo nokugqwala, ukuhuzuka, nokuguga. Lokhu kuqina kusho ukonga izindleko zamabhizinisi, njengoba isidingo sokushintshwa noma ukulungiswa njalo sincishiswa.
Ukufakwa kwe-JIC, okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi ukufakwa koMkhandlu Wezimboni Ezihlangene, kusetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zamanzi. Lokhu kufakwa kunikeza ukuxhumana okuthembekile phakathi kwamapayipi, amapayipi, nezinye izakhi. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukufakwa kwe-JIC kuqhathaniswa kanjani nezinye izinhlobo zokulinganisa ezivame ukusetshenziswa, njenge-NPT (National Pipe Thread) kanye ne-ORFS (O-Ring Face Seal), ukuze wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwazo ezinhlelweni ezithile.
Ukufakwa kwe-JIC kufaka indawo yokuhlala engu-37-degree flare, ehlinzeka ngophawu lwensimbi ukuya kwensimbi. Lo mklamo uqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuqinile nokungavuziyo, okwenza ukufakwa kwe-JIC kulungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinengcindezi ephezulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukufakwa kwe-NPT kunokwakheka kwentambo ecijile encike ekushintshanisweni kwemicu ukwenza uphawu. Nakuba ukufakwa kwe-NPT kusetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokucindezela okuphansi, kungase kungathembeki njengokufakwa kwe-JIC uma kuziwa kumasistimu okucindezela okuphezulu.
Ukufakwa kwe-ORFS, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kusebenzisa i-O-ring kanye nobuso obuyisicaba ukuze bakhe uphawu. Lo mklamo unikeza amandla amahle kakhulu okuvala futhi uvame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni lapho ukucindezela okuphezulu nokudlidliza kubalulekile. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukufakwa kwe-ORFS kungase kudinge izingxenye ezengeziwe, njenge-O-rings, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubekwa uphawu okulungile, ngokungafani nokufakwa kwe-JIC, okunikeza isisombululo esiphelele sokuvala.
Indlela yokuvala yokufakwa kwe-JIC incike ekuxhumaneni kwensimbi kuya kwensimbi phakathi kokufakwa okuvuthayo kanye neshubhu elivuthayo. Lo mklamo uqinisekisa uphawu oluthembekile noluqinile olungamelana nezingcindezi eziphezulu. Ukwengeza, izifakelo ze-JIC zinikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokudlidliza, okuzenza zifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ingcindezi yokusebenza iyinkinga.
Ukufakwa kwe-NPT, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuncike enguqulweni yezintambo ezicijile ukuze kudaleke uphawu. Nakuba lo mklamo usebenza ezinhlelweni zokucindezela okuphansi, ungase ungathembeki njengophawu lwensimbi-kuya-metal olunikezwa ukufakwa kwe-JIC. Ukufakwa kwe-NPT nakho kuthambekele kakhulu ekuvuzeni ngenxa yamandla okulimala kwentambo noma ukungahambi kahle ngesikhathi sokufakwa.
Ukufakwa kwe-ORFS kusebenzisa i-O-ring kanye nobuso obuyisicaba ukuze bakhe uphawu. Lo mklamo unikeza amandla amahle kakhulu okuvalwa, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zokucindezela okukhulu. I-O-ring inikeza uphawu oluthembekile, kuyilapho ubuso obuyisicaba buqinisekisa ukuhleleka okufanele kanye nokuxhumana phakathi kokulingana nendawo yokukhwelana. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-O-ring ifakwe kahle futhi isesimweni esihle ukuze kugcinwe ubuqotho bokuvalwa kokufakwa kwe-ORFS.
Ukufakwa kwe-JIC kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezisebenza ngamanzi, ikakhulukazi ezinsizeni lapho ukucindezela okuphezulu nokumelana nokudlidliza kubaluleke kakhulu. I-metal-to-metal seal yabo kanye nomklamo wabo oqinile ubenza bafanelekele izinhlobonhlobo zezimboni, ezihlanganisa i-aerospace, yezimoto, neyokukhiqiza izimboni. Ukufakwa kwe-JIC nakho kuyahambisana noketshezi oluhlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa uwoyela we-hydraulic, izinto zokubasa, nezipholile.
Ukufakwa kwe-NPT kusetshenziswa kabanzi kumapayipi nama-low-pressure applications. Idizayini yabo yentambo ecijile ivumela ukufakwa nokuqaqa kalula, okubenza bafanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukulungiswa noma ukulungiswa njalo. Kodwa-ke, ukufakwa kwe-NPT kungenzeka kungafaneleki kumasistimu okucindezela okukhulu noma izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukumelana nokudlidliza kubalulekile.
Ukufakwa kwe-ORFS kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamanzi ezidinga ukucindezela okuphezulu nokumelana nokudlidliza. Indlela yabo yokuvala kanye nokwakheka kobuso obuyisicaba kubenza balungele ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini zokwakha, ezolimo kanye nezimayini. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukucabangela izingxenye ezengeziwe, njenge-O-rings, ezingase zidingeke ukuze kufakwe kahle futhi kubekwe uphawu.
Ukufakwa kwe-JIC kunikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa, kufaka phakathi uphawu oluthembekile lwensimbi-kuya-metal, ukumelana nokudlidliza, nokuhambisana noketshezi oluhlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, zingabiza kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nokufakwa kwe-NPT futhi zidinga amathuluzi okuvutha afanele okufakwa. Ukwengeza, ukufakwa kwe-JIC kungase kungatholakali kalula njengokufakwa kwe-NPT ezifundeni ezithile.
Ukufakwa kwe-NPT kutholakala kabanzi, kungabizi, futhi kulula ukukufaka. Zifanele izicelo ezinengcindezi ephansi futhi zinikeza lula mayelana nokugcinwa nokulungiswa. Kodwa-ke, ukufakwa kwe-NPT kungase kungahlinzeki ngezinga elifanayo lobuqotho bokuvalwa njengokufakwa kwe-JIC, futhi ukwakheka kwakho kwentambo ecijile kungase kukhawulele ukusetshenziswa kwakho kumasistimu okucindezela okuphezulu.
Ukufakwa kwe-ORFS kunikeza amandla amahle kakhulu okuvalwa, ukumelana nokucindezela okuphezulu, nokumelana nokudlidliza. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinsizeni ezifunayo lapho ukwethembeka kubalulekile. Kodwa-ke, izingxenye ezengeziwe ezidingekayo ekufakweni nasekuvaleni zingase zinyuse izindleko kanye nobunzima bohlelo.
Ukufakwa kwe-JIC, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukufakwa koMkhandlu Wezimboni Ezihlangene, kusetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini nasezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okukhethekile nokuthembeka. Lokhu kufakwa kuklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukuhlinzeka ngoxhumano oluvikelekile nolungavuziyo kumasistimu asebenza ngamanzi, imishini, kanye nemishini. Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthandwa kwazo ukuhambisana kwazo nezinhlobo ezahlukene zoketshezi, okuhlanganisa uwoyela we-hydraulic, amanzi, namakhemikhali. Lokhu kwenza ukufakwa kwe-JIC kulungele uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza kuzo zonke izimboni ezahlukene.
Embonini yezimoto, okokufaka kwe-JIC kuvame ukusetshenziswa kumasistimu wamabhuleki, amasistimu okuqondisa amandla, namasistimu okudlulisa. I-high-pressure hydraulic systems kulezi zimoto idinga ukufakwa okungakwazi ukumelana nezimo ezimbi kakhulu futhi inikeze uphawu oluqinile. Ukufakwa kwe-JIC, ngokwakhiwa kwakho okuqinile nokucushwa okunembile, kuqinisekisa ukuxhumeka okuthembekile, kunciphisa ubungozi bokuvuza noma ukwehluleka. Ukwengeza, ukusebenziseka kwabo kalula ekufakeni nasekunakekeleni kubenza babe ukukhetha okuthandwayo kubakhiqizi bezimoto nezitolo zokulungisa izimoto.
Enye imboni lapho ukufakwa kwe-JIC kuthola ukusetshenziswa kakhulu umkhakha we-aerospace. Amasistimu we-hydraulic yezindiza asebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima kakhulu, okuhlanganisa ukucindezela okuphezulu, ukuhlukahluka kwezinga lokushisa, nokudlidliza. Ukufakwa kwe-JIC, ngokuqina kwakho okukhethekile nokumelana nokugqwala, kungamelana nalezi zindawo ezinokhahlo. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa emigqeni esebenza ngamanzi, kumasistimu kaphethiloli, nasezindaweni ezihlanganisa amagiya okuhlala, okuqinisekisa ukuthi indiza isebenza ngendlela ephephile futhi ephumelelayo. Ukunemba nokuthembeka kokufakwa kwe-JIC kubalulekile kulo mkhakha, njengoba noma yikuphi ukwehluleka kungaba nemiphumela eyinhlekelele.
Ukufakwa kwe-JIC kusetshenziswa kakhulu kumasistimu asebenza ngamanzi kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene. Emishinini yezimboni, efana nomshini wokunyathelisa we-hydraulic kanye nemishini yokubumba umjovo, ukufakwa kwe-JIC kusetshenziselwa ukuxhuma imigqa ye-hydraulic nokulawula ukugeleza koketshezi olunamanzi. Lokhu kufakwa kuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okungavuzi, kuvimbele noma yikuphi ukulahleka kwengcindezi nokugcina ukusebenza kahle kwemishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakwa kwe-JIC kuvame ukusetshenziswa kumishini yokwakha, njengama-excavators nama-cranes, ukunika amandla ukusebenza okushelelayo nokuthembekile kwemisebenzi ye-hydraulic.
Embonini kawoyela negesi, ukufakwa kwe-JIC kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuxhumaniseni amapayipi ama-hydraulic hoses kuma-drilling, ama-wellheads, kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza. Isimo esimangelengele sale mboni sidinga ukufakwa okukwazi ukumelana nezingcindezi eziphezulu kanye nezimo zemvelo ezinzima. Ukufakwa kwe-JIC, okunomklamo oqinile namandla okuvala aphakeme, kuhlinzeka ngesixazululo esithembekile salezi zinhlelo zokusebenza. Noma ngabe i-offshore drilling noma i-onshore extraction, ukufakwa kwe-JIC kuqinisekisa ubuqotho bezinhlelo ze-hydraulic, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula kanye nokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo.
Ukufakwa kwe-JIC kuzuze idumela lokuthembeka kwakho nokusebenzisa izinto ezihlukahlukene, okuyenza ifanelekele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezidinga kakhulu. Lezi zifakelo ziyakwazi ukumelana nezingcindezi eziphezulu, izinga lokushisa elidlulele, nezinto ezonakalisayo, eziqinisekisa impilo ende yesevisi ngisho nasezimeni eziyinselele. Noma ngabe kusemishinini esindayo, okokusebenza kwezimboni, noma ingqalasizinda ebalulekile, ukufakwa kwe-JIC kunikeza ukuxhumana okuthembekile okungathenjwa.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zokufakwa kwe-JIC kulula ukuyifaka nokunakekela. Idizayini esezingeni kanye nokucushwa okunembayo kukwenza kube lula ukuhlanganisa nokuhlakazwa, kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula ngesikhathi sokulungiswa noma ukushintshwa. Lokhu kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezimbonini lapho isikhathi sokusebenza kwemishini sibalulekile, njengezimboni zokukhiqiza noma izindawo zokuphehla ugesi. Ukuguquguquka kokufakwa kwe-JIC kuvumela ukuguqulwa okusheshayo nokuphumelelayo noma ukuthuthukiswa kumasistimu we-hydraulic, okunciphisa ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni.
Uma kuziwa ekufakweni okufanele kokufakwa kwe-JIC, kunezinqubo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile okufanele zilandelwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxhumeka okuvikelekile nokungavuziyo. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuhlanza kokubili izintambo zesilisa nesifazane zokufaka ngaphambi kokufakwa. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa indwangu engenayo i-lint noma ibhulashi locingo ukuze kukhishwe noma yikuphi ukungcola noma imfucumfucu engase ivimbele ukusebenzelana okufanele.
Okulandelayo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa inani elifanele le-torque ekufakeni ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Ukuqinisa ngokweqile kungaholela ekulimaleni kwentambo noma ngisho nokuqhekeka kokufata, kuyilapho ukuqina kancane kungaholela ekuxhumekeni okuxekethile kanye nokuvuza okungenzeka. Ukuze unqume ukucaciswa kwe-torque okulungile, kunconywa ukuthi uthintane nezinkombandlela zomkhiqizi noma izindinganiso zemboni.
Ukuhlanganyela kochungechunge kungenye into ebalulekile yokufaka i-JIC. Imicu yesilisa neyesifazane kufanele ihlanganiswe ngokugcwele ukuze kuqinisekiswe uphawu oluqinile. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokuqinisa ukulinganisa kuze kube yilapho kuthokomele, bese usebenzisa isikrufu ukwenza ukujika okwengeziwe okungu-1/4 kuya ku-1/2. Lokhu kuzohlinzeka ngochungechunge oludingekayo lokubandakanya ukuxhumana okuphephile.
Ukunakekelwa okufanele nokuhlolwa okuvamile kokufakwa kwe-JIC kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxhumana okungavuzi futhi kuvinjwe noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona. Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zokunakekela ukubheka noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuvuza. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokuhlola izixhumi ezibonakalayo noma yikuphi ukuvuza okubonakalayo noma ukuconsa. Ukwengeza, kunconywa ukusebenzisa isisombululo sokuthola ukuvuza noma ingxube yamanzi anensipho ukuze ubone noma yikuphi ukuvuza okuncane okungenzeka kungabonakali ngokushesha.
Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kokufakwa kwe-JIC kuhlanganisa nokuhlola noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuguga noma zokulimala. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola imicu ukuze kutholakale noma yiziphi izimpawu zokukhumula noma ukuphambana, kanye nokuhlola umzimba owufanelekelayo ukuze uthole noma yikuphi ukuqhekeka noma ukonakala. Noma yikuphi okokufaka okubonisa izimpawu zokuguga noma zokulimala kufanele kushintshwe ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvuza noma ukwehluleka okungenzeka.
Ngokungeziwe ekuhloleni okubonakalayo, kubalulekile ukuhlola itorque evamile ekufakweni kwe-JIC. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-torque esetshenziswa phakathi nokufakwa ingase ixege ngenxa yokudlidliza noma ezinye izici. Ngokuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile futhi uqinise ukufakwa ku-torque eshiwo, ingozi yokuvuza ingancishiswa kakhulu.
Nakuba ukufakwa kwe-JIC kwaziwa ngokwethembeka nokuqina kwakho, kunezinkinga ezivamile ezingase ziphakame phakathi nokusetshenziswa kwazo. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga nokwazi ukuthi ungazixazulula kanjani kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kokufakwa kwe-JIC.
Inkinga eyodwa evamile ngokufakwa kwe-JIC i-thread galling. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izintambo zokufaka zibamba noma zikhiya ndawonye ngesikhathi sokufakwa, okwenza kube nzima ukuqinisa noma ukuxegisa ukufaka. Ukuze uvimbele ukugaya intambo, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise inhlanganisela ephikisana nokubanjwa noma i-lubricant emicu ngaphambi kokufakwa. Lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana futhi kuvumele ukuhlangana okushelelayo kwemicu.
Enye inkinga evamile ukuqiniswa ngokweqile kokufakwa kwe-JIC. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukuqinisa ngokweqile kungaholela emicu elimele noma ukufakwa okuqhekekile. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kubalulekile ukulandela ukucaciswa kwe-torque enconyiwe okunikezwe umenzi. Ukusebenzisa i-torque wrench kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukufakwa kuqiniswe ngendlela efanele.
Kwezinye izimo, ukuvuza kungase kwenzeke ngisho nalapho ukufakwa nokugcinwa ngendlela efanele. Lapho ukuvuza kokuxazulula inkinga, kubalulekile ukuhlola ubuqotho bendandatho ye-O noma uphawu ngaphakathi kokufata. Uma i-O-ring ilimele noma igugile, kufanele ishintshwe. Ukwengeza, ukuhlola ukuma kokulinganisa nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ihlezi kahle kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuvuza.
isihloko sigqamisa ukubaluleka kokufakwa kwe-JIC (Joint Industry Council) embonini ye-hydraulic. Lokhu kufakwa kuguqule imboni ngokuhlinzeka ngezicaciso ezijwayelekile zabakhiqizi emhlabeni wonke, okwenza kube lula ukukhetha kanye nenqubo yokufaka. Ukufakwa kwe-JIC kwaziwa ngokwethembeka, ukusebenza, kanye nedizayini engavuzi, okuyenza yamukelwe kabanzi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Banikeza izinzuzo ezifana nokuhambisana, ukuqina, nokuxhumeka okungavuzi, okubenza kube ukukhetha okuncanyelwayo. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kokufakwayo kwe-JIC, ukufakwa kwe-NPT, nokufakwa kwe-ORFS kubalulekile ekukhetheni uhlobo olufanele lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile ze-hydraulic. Ukufakwa kwe-JIC kuthola ukusetshenziswa okubanzi emikhakheni ehlukene ngenxa yokuthembeka kwakho, ukuguquguquka, nokuhambisana noketshezi oluhlukene. Ukufakwa nokugcinwa ngendlela efanele kokufakwa kwe-JIC kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukuxhumana okungavuziyo kanye nokusebenza kahle. Ngokuthobela izinqubo ezihamba phambili, ukuphila isikhathi eside nokuthembeka kokufakwa kwe-JIC kungakhuliswa.
Q: Yiziphi izinzuzo zokufakwa kwe-JIC ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlobo ezifanele?
A: Ukufakwa kwe-JIC kunezinzuzo ezimbalwa kunezinye izinhlobo ezifanele. Okokuqala, bahlinzeka ngokuxhumeka okuthembekile nokungavuziyo, okuqinisekisa ubuqotho besistimu ye-hydraulic. Okwesibili, ukufakwa kwe-JIC kunohlu olubanzi losayizi nokucushwa, okwenza kube nezinto ezihlukahlukene futhi kuhambisane nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene. Okokugcina, okokufaka kwe-JIC kulula ukukuhlanganisa nokukuqaqa, okuvumela ukugcinwa nokulungiswa okusheshayo.
Q: Ingabe ukufakwa kwe-JIC kungasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezicindezela kakhulu amanzi?
A: Yebo, ukufakwa kwe-JIC kulungele ukusetshenziswa kumasistimu asebenza ngomfutho ophezulu we-hydraulic. Zenzelwe ukumelana nezingcindezi eziphezulu futhi zinikeze ukuxhumana okuphephile. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa kwe-JIC okusetshenzisiwe kulinganiselwe izidingo ezithile zengcindezi yesistimu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusebenza okuphelele.
Umbuzo: Ngiwubona kanjani usayizi wentambo yokufaka i-JIC?
A: Ukuze uhlonze usayizi womucu wokulinganisa kwe-JIC, ungasebenzisa igeji yentambo noma i-caliper. Linganisa ububanzi obungaphandle bese ubala inani lemicu iyintshi ngayinye. Isibonelo, ukufakwa okunobubanzi obungaphandle obungamayintshi angu-0.5 nemicu engu-20 iyintshi ngayinye kuzokhonjwa njengokulingana kwe-1/2-20 JIC.
Q: Ingabe okokufakwa kwe-JIC kuyahambisana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zoketshezi olusebenza nge-hydraulic?
A: Yebo, ukufakwa kwe-JIC kuhambisana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zoketshezi olusebenza nge-hydraulic. Zivame ukusetshenziswa namafutha we-hydraulic, amanzi-glycol, noketshezi lokwenziwa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuhambisana kwezinto ezithile ezisetshenziswa ku-JIC ukufaka uketshezi olusebenzisa amanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana kwesikhathi eside nokuvimbela noma yikuphi ukuwohloka noma ukuvuza.
Q: Ingabe okokufaka kwe-JIC kungasetshenziswa kabusha noma kufanele kushintshwe ngemva kokuhlakazwa?
A: Ukufakwa kwe-JIC kungasetshenziswa kabusha, kodwa kuyanconywa ukuthi ukuhlole ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuphinda kusetshenziswe. Hlola noma yiziphi izimpawu zokulimala, ukuguga, noma ukuwohloka okungase kuthinte ukusebenza noma ubuqotho befitting. Uma kukhona izinkinga ezitholakalayo, kuyatuseka ukuthi kushintshwe okokufakela ukuze uqinisekise ukuxhumana okuthembekile nokungavuziyo.
Q: Yimaphi amasayizi ochungechunge ajwayelekile atholakalayo okufakwayo kwe-JIC?
A: Amasayizi ochungechunge ajwayelekile atholakalayo okufakwayo kwe-JIC asuka ku-1/8 intshi kuya ku-2 amayintshi. Abanye osayizi abajwayelekile bahlanganisa 1/4-18, 3/8-18, 1/2-14, 3/4-14, 1-11.5, kanye no-1-1/4-11.5. Lawa masayizi ahlanganisa inhlobonhlobo yezinhlelo zokusebenza futhi atholakala kalula emakethe.
Q: Ingabe ukufakwa kwe-JIC kuyashintshaniswa nokufakwa kwe-metric?
A: Ukufakwa kwe-JIC nokufakwa kwemethrikhi akushintsheki ngokuqondile ngenxa yomehluko wamasayizi ochungechunge nokulungiselelwa. Ukufakwa kwe-JIC kusebenzisa izilinganiso ze-imperial, kuyilapho ukufakwa kwe-metric kusebenzisa izilinganiso ze-metric. Kodwa-ke, ama-adaptha noma okokufaka okunezintambo ezimbili kuyatholakala ukuze kube lula ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-JIC namasistimu e-metric, okuvumela ukuhambisana phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili ezifanele.
