Reba: 107 Umwanditsi: Muhinduzi Yurubuga Itanga Igihe: 2024-01-09 Inkomoko: Urubuga
Iyo bigeze kuri isi ikomeye ya hose kandi tube fottings, ubwoko butandukanye bwuzuye buboneka burashobora kuba byinshi. Ninkaho guhagarara mu gihirahiro, buri kimwe gifite ikibanza cyihariye kandi ubujyakuzimu, nibaza inzira iganisha ku byiza bikwiye. Muri iki kiganiro, nshimishijwe no gukwirakwiza ibanga ryiyi nsanganyamatsiko. Tuzatangirana nintangiriro yibanze niyihe - izo mfuruka zifatika zikora imbuto, zikabya, hamwe na fittings ikora mu mashini zitabarika hamwe nibintu bya buri munsi.
Muri uru rugendo, tuzasesengura ubwoko bwingenzi bwinsanganyamatsiko, nka BSPP, UN / UNF, na Metric Feldidodol Gusobanukirwa ibi bizagufasha guhitamo neza kandi bikwiye, kwemeza kwizerwa no gukumira imikorere mibi mumishinga yawe. Reka rero, reka dutangire kuriyi ngingo kandi tuvumbure ibintu byiza kubyo ukeneye!
Iyo tuvuga kubyerekeye insanganyamatsiko, turimo kwerekeza kumiterere yubuvuzi yakoreshejwe muguhindura hagati yubwoko bwa rosheli na liner cyangwa imbaraga. Imitwe iri hose! Reba imigozi ifata ark hamwe, umupfundikizo kumacupa yawe y'amazi, cyangwa amatara yoroheje mu itara ryawe. Bose bishingikiriza ku nsanganyamatsiko kugirango bagume mu mwanya no gukora neza.
Urudodo ni umusozi uhoraho uhindura hafi ya silindrike cyangwa ubuso. Iki gishushanyo cyemerera ibice bigomba guhuzwa hamwe neza. Tekereza ingazi ya spiral yaguye ku nkingi - nibyo nicyo urudodo rusa na screw cyangwa bolt.
Imitwe ni ngombwa kuko ikoreshwa mubisabwa bitabarika bigira ingaruka mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Ni intwari zo mu gicucu, zemeza ko ibintu bitasenyuka. Dore impamvu ari ngombwa cyane:
Gufata ibintu hamwe : kuva mubikoresho kugeza ku mashini, insanganyamatsiko zikoreshwa mu rufatiro igaragara nk'imigozi na bolts kugirango bikomeze ibice biboneye neza.
l Igenzura ryamazi : Munganda -yubutaka , insanganyamatsiko zemeza ko umuyoboro wa PIPE na Tube udatemba, ni ngombwa kuri sisitemu zitwara amazi, amavuta, cyangwa gaze.
l Ubusobanuro mubikoresho : Mubikoresho byaciwe neza, nko mubikoresho byubuvuzi, uburyo bwubunini bwubudodo bufite akamarora kugirango imikorere myiza n'umutekano iboneye.
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi butandukanye bwugari, buri kimwe hamwe nibiranga hamwe nibiranga. Dore bike:
l Urudodo rw'umuyoboro w'Abanyamerika : Ibi bikoreshwa muri Amerika ya ruguru kumuyoboro uganira .
l Sae insanganyamatsiko isanga : Urwego rwo Gukoresha Urudodo rukoreshwa mu nganda zimodoka.
l Meric ISO ISO
Kugena umugozi , uzakenera kumenya ibipimo bike:
l diameter ikomeye : diameter nini yo hanze yumutwe wumugabo.
l diameter ntoya : diameter ntoya, iboneka hepfo yumutwe.
l pitch diameter Iri ni diameter yubukorikori butekereza inyuze mu nsanganyamatsiko yumutwe wumutwe numutwe wumutwe wumugore : .
Indangamuntu iranga irashobora kuba amacandwe, ariko ibikoresho nkigiciro cyikibuga gishobora gufasha. Iki gikoresho gipima ikibuga cyurugero , nikindi kiremo umwe kiva kumurongo ujya mu ndege ya Axial.
Ibipimo bya geometrike byumwanya bisobanura imbaraga nimikorere. Ibiranga urubyaro nk'inguni n'insanganyamatsiko . kwihanganira yerekana uburyo urudodo ruzakomeza kandi rushobora kwihanganira imbaraga zingahe zirashobora Kurugero, imitekerereze ibiri-inkingi izatera imbere inshuro ebyiri byihuse nkumugozi umwe umwe kuri buri kuzunguruka, gutanga inyungu zubukanishi.
L Bikangirika urudodo kandi budododo bwibyiciro bibiri byingenzi. Insanganyamatsiko zibangikanye zikomeza diameter imwe yose, mugihe inkingi zakarengana ziragabanuka, zifasha mugukora kashe nziza.
l Intoki iburyo ni ibintu bikunze kugaragara, aho guhindura isaha ikongerera urudodo. Intoki ibumoso ntizimenyerewe kandi zikamurika muburyo butandukanye.
Gusobanukirwa insanganyamatsiko hamwe na geometric ibipimo bya geometrike ni ngombwa kuko niyo nyubako yo kubaka hafi yacu. Kuva gufatanya hamwe nigikinisho cyumwana kugirango ubone umutekano windege, insanganyamatsiko zikinira uruhare runini kwisi yacu. Mugihe dusibye mubishushanyo mbonera , ibuka ko aba turere duto bafite imbaraga bafite.
Mugihe muganira muburyo bwuzuye , ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa imirimo yabo yibanze.
Imirongo yo gushiraho akunze gukoreshwa mugukora ibintu hamwe. Tekereza ku buryo ku rubanza rwa mudasobwa; Byaremewe gufata ibice mu mwanya.
inkingi zohereza , kurundi ruhande, ni ibintu muri sisitemu yo kohereza imbaraga. Ku rundi ruhande, Izi nsanganyamatsiko ziboneka mumigozi ya Machine, aho geometrie yabo yemerera guhindura kugenda kwumwuka muburyo bwo gufata umurongo.
Imitwe yo gutwara abantu iratandukanye gato. Bafite uruhare rukomeye mu nganda zamazi . Izi nsanganyamatsiko zagenewe gukora kashe mu muyoboro na tube , zemeza ko gutwara neza no gukora neza amazi cyangwa imyuka. Buri bwoko bwidomo bwakozwe kumigambi yihariye, hamwe no kumenya umurongo ni ngombwa mubisabwa kugirango umenye neza n'imikorere.
Imitwe irashobora gushyirwa mumwanya wiburyo (rh) insanganyamatsiko cyangwa ibumoso (lh) . Itandukaniro riroroshye nyamara rifite akamaro. Insanganyamatsiko za RH zishimangira isaha, niyo cyerekezo gisanzwe cyo gufunga cyane . Hafi ya buri kintu gisanzwe cyangwa bolt uhura nazo zirashobora kugira umurongo wa RH. Ku rundi ruhande, insanganyamatsiko , urushaho gukambika ku isaha kandi ntisanzwe. Zikoreshwa mubihe aho imbaraga ziboha zitera rh kugirango zirekure, nko kuruhande rwibumoso rwamagare.
Intambara iburyo :
¡
nyinshi Porogaramu
y'ibumosoIntambwe
¡
¡ Porogaramu yihariye yo gukumira
Urudodo rwa pipe bubiri busanzwe: Urudodo rwaka kandi rusa . n'imboga . bwoko ruza mu Mugihe insanganyamatsiko zumugabo numugore zimbaraga, zikora kashe kubera kwivanga. Ibi bituma baba byiza kubisabwa birimo imyuka cyangwa amazi mukibazo.
Imitwe ihwanye , nkumuyoboro wubwongereza ugereranije (BSPP) , bisaba umukozi wa kaliza, nkumukarani cyangwa o-impeta, kugirango umenye neza. Bakunze gukoreshwa muburyo bwimiturire yo hasi kandi aho bifitanye isano bishobora guterana no guseswa kenshi.
L yavumbuye insanganyamatsiko :
¡ Umuyoboro wigihugu wa kaburimbo (NPT)
Ikidodo cyagezweho binyuze mu kwivanga
Ikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo hejuru
Imitwe ihwanye :
¡ Ubwongereza busanzwe (BSPP)
Bisaba andi mategeko
Bikwiranye ninteko rusange / birashoboka
T igisamba ingano ningirakamaro kandi ni ngombwa kwerekana uburyo bwuzuye kugirango umenye neza ubusugire. gukorana ninsanganyamatsiko zuzuye sae , insanganyamatsiko zihuriweho cyangwa umurongo wa metric iso , abanyamerika Haba Ibikoresho nkibikoresho bya pich na caliper birashobora gufasha muriki gikorwa, gukurikiza ibipimo ngenderwaho byumwirondoro wizina no kwemeza gikwiye igishushanyo mbonera kubisabwa.
ISO metric thredodo, bikunze kuvugwa nka m , ni ubwoko bwuzuye urudodo . Byakoreshejwe ku isi, ni umukono usanzwe mubikorwa rusange. Ikibuga cya diameter na diameter ikomeye nibintu byingenzi byiyi metero . metero ya metero ya ngingo ya kare.
Porogaramu zirimo: - Imashini - Inganda za Automotive - Ibicuruzwa byabaguzi
Insanganyamatsiko ya Metric itanga impirimbanyi n'irubone, bigatuma bakora kimwe mu bwoko bwingenzi mukora.
ISO metric urudodo rwiza , cyangwa MF , biratandukanye kuva kumurongo usanzwe mukibuga cyayo . Ikibanza ni cyiza, bivuze ko imitwe yegereye hamwe. Ibi bivamo uruhara rwo hejuru kuri buri burebure. Urudodo rwiza rutanga kugenzura neza kandi ni byiza kubisabwa aho bikenewe cyane.
Itandukaniro ryingenzi ririmo: - Ikibuga gito - Ingano yaka - imbaraga nini mu mwobo wafashwe
Metric insanganyamatsiko nziza zikoreshwa mu nganda zamazi kandi mubisabwa bisaba guhindura ibintu neza.
Umuyoboro w'ibyuma , uzwi ku izina rya PG , ufite akamaro kamateka. Yatangiriye mu Budage kandi yakoreshwaga cyane mu Burayi kugira ngo akore amashanyarazi. Uyu munsi, insanganyamatsiko ya PG ifite ibyifuzo byihariye mumashanyarazi, guharanira isano iteka kandi yizewe.
Imikoreshereze yubu irimo: - Firetings Amashanyarazi - Sisitemu Yumunizi - Igikoresho
Nubwo yazamutse muburyo bwugari pg butandukanye , ikomeza kuba ingirakamaro kubera ibipimo ngenderwaho na sisitemu yumurage.
Umugozi wa trapezodal , wagenwe nka TR , arangwa na forti ya trapezodal. Iyi igishushanyo gitanga zikomeye inyungu , bigatuma bikwiranye nubusambanyi buremereye kandi bugana imigozi yimashini.
Imikorere ikubiyemo: - Gukwirakwiza imbaraga - Guhinduka kugenda kuva kuzunguruka kuri linear - Koresha gusurwa na Jack
Umugozi wa trapezodal ni ubwoko rusange bwurudodo mubikorwa bya sisitemu yo gutwara. Geometrie yayo yemerera gukwirakwiza imizigo ahantu hanini, kuzamura imigozi iramba na lifespan.
Muri iki gice, twakoze ku bwoko bwa ISO hejuru yubwoko nka Metric ISO Thread , ISO Meric Urudodo rwiza , nabandi. Ni ngombwa kwerekana urudodo neza kubisabwa, nkuko ubunini bungana . Ibikoresho nkibikoresho bya pich na caliper ni ntagereranywa kubijyanye nimikorere iranga , bugenga guhuza no gukora muburyo bwimitwe.
Iyo tuvuze ubwoko bwugari bwabanyamerika , umugozi uhuza umwuga , cyangwa UNC , nimwe muburyo bwingenzi bwuzuye . Nigisanzwe gisobanura imiterere yubuvuzi kugirango iboneke . UNC nini izwiho ikibuga cyayo kuruta ubundi bwoko, bigatuma iba ingirakamaro mubikoresho bitandukanye. Ingano yubunini bufite akamaro hano, kandi igishushanyo mbonera cya UNC kidashoboka cyane kwambukiranya urudodo noroshye gukora.
Kurundi ruhande, urudodo rwiza rwigihugu cyangwa UNF rufite nto diameter . Ibi bivuze ko imitwe yegereye hamwe. UNF ikoreshwa kenshi mugihe urwego rwohejuru rwimbaraga nubusobanutse. Birasanzwe munganda -amashanyarazi kuko nziza insanganyamatsiko itanga umutekano kandi ukomera. Ni ngombwa kugirango ushyireho urudodo witonze mugihe ukorana na UNF kugirango umenye neza n'imikorere.
Urudodo rwihariye rwigihugu cyangwa ntabwo ari ubundi bwoko bwurudodo twabanyamerika bugaragara bitewe nibidasanzwe. Ntabwo ari ngombwa nkibisanzwe nka UNC cyangwa Unf , yemerera gutandukana mukibuga cyuzuye. Ihinduka ridakora ntabwo rigenda-kuri porogaramu yihariye aho ingano zisanzwe zidahagije. Kumenyekanisha urugamba kudasaba kuri ibipimo nyabyo, akenshi ukoresheje igipimo cya pich cyangwa caliper.
| Urudodo | rwa | Taper | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -02 (1/8) | 27 | 10.3 | 0.41 | 9.4 | 0.37 |
| -04 (1/4) | 18 | 13.7 | 0.54 | 12.4 | 0.49 |
| -06 (3/8) | 18 | 17.3 | 0.68 | 15.7 | 0.62 |
| -08 (1/2) | 14 | 21.3 | 0.84 | 19.3 | 0.76 |
| -10 (5/8) | 14 | 22.9 | 0.90 | 21.1 | 0.83 |
| -12 (3/4) | 14 | 26.9 | 1.06 | 24.9 | 0.98 |
| -16 (1) | 11½ | 33.3 | 1.31 | 31.5 | 1.24 |
| -20 (1 ¼) | 11½ | 42.2 | 1.66 | 40.1 | 1.58 |
| -24 (1 ½) | 11½ | 48.3 | 1.90 | 46.2 | 1.82 |
| -32 (2) | 11½ | 60.4 | 2.38 | 57.9 | 2.29 |
** OD = Hanze ya diameter id = diameter
Kwimukira ku nsanganyamatsiko y'Abanyamerika , imigozi y'igihugu ya karaper ni ngombwa. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi: NPP na NPTF . Byombi byanditseho urudodo rwanditse bivuze ko bashiraho kashe kuko bafite. NPT , cyangwa umuyoboro wigihugu wa kaburimbo , urasanzwe kandi bisaba izindi ngabo. NPPTF , cyangwa umuyoboro wigihugu wa taper wumye , ugamije gukora kashe ifatanye nta bikoresho byo gushiraho. NPP na NPPF ni ngombwa mumazi -yubutaka kugirango habe fothings , fittings tube , na pie imirongo. Ikibuga cyapa nigikoresho cyingenzi muburyo bwo kumenya umurongo muri NPT na NPPF .
Gusobanukirwa nuburyo bwuzuye bwabanyamerika nibyingenzi ku banyamwuga mu nganda nyinshi. Imigozi isanga , harimo UNC , UNF , kandi kudahuza na NPT na NPTF , bikinisha inshingano zingenzi zo gufunga no guhuza imigozi . iboneye Indangamuntu iremeza ko ibice bihuye neza kandi bikora nkuko byateganijwe.
Ubwongereza busanzwe whitworth Coarse (BSW) , bakunze kuvugwa nka WW kuri www whtworth, ni umwirondoro urudodo ufite amateka akomeye. Byari ibintu byambere byateganijwe ku , byakozwe na Joseph Whitworth 1841. Igishushanyo cyari impimusi mu isi Urudodo rwa Whitworth rwabaye umwe mu bwoko bwingenzi bwuzuye , burangwa na alcare ya estrant 55 kandi ikazengurutsa imizi. Iyi sisitemu yamateka yashyizeho urufatiro muburyo bwinshi bwuzuye tubona uyu munsi.
Kujya ku mani meza y'Ubwongereza (BSF) , ubu bwoko bw'imbere ni verisiyo nziza ya BSW. Hamwe gito n'ikibuga , kiba intera iri hagati yidodo zegeranye , BSF yateguwe kugirango itange urwego rwohejuru rwimbaraga nimbaraga muri porogaramu aho ubunini bwikidodo . Diameter ikomeye ikomeza kuba kimwe na BSW, ariko ikibuga cyiza cyemerera insanganyamatsiko zindi santimetero, ihinduranya kubabara, umutekano mwiza. BSF ikunze gukoreshwa munganda zimodoka, aho precision ari urufunguzo.
| Ingano ya Dash (Ingano Yizina) | Urudodo | rw'umutwe w'igitsina | gore od MM | mm | Urudodo rw'umugore |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -02 (1/8) | 28 | 9.7 | 0.38 | 8.9 | 0.35 |
| -04 (1/4) | 19 | 13.2 | 0.52 | 11.9 | 0.47 |
| -06 (3/8) | 19 | 16.5 | 0.65 | 15.2 | 0.60 |
| -08 (1/2) | 14 | 20.8 | 0.82 | 19.1 | 0.75 |
| -10 (5/8) | 14 | 22.4 | 0.88 | 20.3 | 0.80 |
| -12 (3/4) | 14 | 26.4 | 1.04 | 24.6 | 0.97 |
| -16 (1) | 11 | 33.0 | 1.30 | 31.0 | 1.22 |
| -20 (1 ¼) | 11 | 41.9 | 1.65 | 39.6 | 1.56 |
| -24 (1 ½) | 11 | 47.8 | 1.88 | 45.5 | 1.79 |
| -32 (2) | 11 | 59.7 | 2.35 | 57.4 | 2.26 |
Umuyoboro usanzwe wo mu Bwongereza (BSP) , uzwi kandi ku izina rya G , ni ubwoko bw'imboneza urudodo busanzwe bukoreshwa mu nganda z'amazi . Bitandukanye nududodo twinshi, imitwe ya BSP igumana diameter imwe kuva kumpera izarangira, bigatuma imitwe ibangikanye . Iki gishushanyo ningirakamaro kuri fose fittings hamwe na tube , aho kashe ihamye ari ngombwa. BSP ikunze kugereranwa zabanyamerikaninsanganyamatsiko
| BP | ) | R |
|---|---|---|
| 1/16 Inch BSP | 7.7 mm / 0.304 ' | 28 |
| 1/8 Inch BSP | 9.7 mm / 0.383 ' | 28 |
| 1/4 Inch BSP | 13.16 mm / 0.518 ' | 19 |
| 3/8 Inch BSP | 16.66 MM / 0.656 ' | 19 |
| 1/2 Inch BSP | 20.99 MM / 0.825 ' | 14 |
| 5/8 Inch BSP | 22.99 MM / 0.902 ' | 14 |
| 3/4 santimetero bch | 26.44 mm / 1.041 ' | 14 |
| 7/8 Inch BSP | 30.20 mm / 1.189 ' | 14 |
| 1 INCH BSP | 33.25 MM / 1.309 ' | 11 |
| 1-1 / 4 Inch BSP | 41.91 mm / 1.650 ' | 11 |
| 1-1 / 2 santimetero | 47.80 mm / 1.882 ' | 11 |
| Santimetero 2 | 59.61 MM / 2.347 ' | 11 |
| 2-1 / 4 Inch BSP | 65.71 MM / 2.587 ' | 11 |
| 2-1 / 2 santimetero | 75.18 MM / 2.96 ' | 11 |
| Inch 3ss | 87.88 MM / 3.46 ' | 11 |
| Inch BSP | 113.03 MM / 4.45 ' | 11 |
| Inch BSP | 138.43 MM / 5.45 ' | 11 |
| 6 santimetero | 163.83 MM / 6.45 ' | 11 |
Ubwanyuma, umuyoboro usanzwe wo mu Bwongereza (BSPT) , uzwi nka r , ni urudodo rwa kashe rwakoreshejwe menshi mumasako . Taper ikora kashe uhatira insanganyamatsiko yumutwe wumugabo mumutwe wumugore , yemerera amazi meza. BSTPT yiganje cyane mumazi yubutaka , aho gukumira ni ngombwa. Angle yaka ireba ko buri mutwe ukomeza gukurikira, gutanga isano yizewe pie , kumuyoboro wa , kandi ikwiranye.
Muri buri kimwe muri ibyo bhititworth insangano , ziranga ni ngombwa. Ibikoresho nkibikoresho bya pich cyangwa caliper bikunze gukoreshwa mugushiraho ubwoko bwugari nubunini. Gusobanukirwa ibipimo bya geometrike kuriyi nsanganyamatsiko, kuva kumvugo nkuru kugirango ushiremo diameter , ni ngombwa muguhuza n'imikorere mu nteko yatwerekejwe. Haba mu mateka y'amateka cyangwa imashini zigezweho, insanganyamatsiko zisanzwe z'Ubwongereza ziguma hamwe n'inganda zitandukanye, zihagaze iruhande rw'inganda zitandukanye, zihagaze iruhande rw'inganda nk'ubwoko Iso , ISOzikomeye bwa .
Umuyoboro wa pipe ni unval mu guharanira guhuza-ibimenyetso muguhuza amazi na gaze. Bakora nk'ikintu gikomeye muri gufata imiyoboro, indangagaciro, na fitting neza. Ingano yubunini bufite akamaro muriyi porogaramu, kuko igomba kwakira igipimo cyurugendo nigipimo cyumuvuduko wa sisitemu.
Iyo tuvuganye ku nsanganyamatsiko y'imiyoboro , dukunze kwerekeza ku bwoko bubiri butandukanye: urudodo rwa kashe n'udusimba twumvikana . Urudodo rwanditseho , ruzwi kandi ku izina rya kaburimbo ry'igihugu (NPT) , gahoro gahoro gahoro kuva ku mpera imwe, zitanga kashe ihamye kuko insanganyamatsiko zisezerana. Imitwe yumvikana irasa ariko ifite imiterere ntoya, wongeyeho imbaraga zinyongera kumiterere.
Imigozi ya posita yakabunze ikoreshwa mu nganda zamazi . Bakora kashe unyuze mu kwivanga ku nsanganyamatsiko. Dope Dope cyangwa Taflon kaseti akenshi ikora nkibikoresho byo kudoda kugirango bibe ihuza ryubusa.
Ibinyuranye, imirongo yumuyoboro wububiko ntibusanzwe ariko iracyari ingenzi. Mubisanzwe baboneka muburyo bwihariye aho igitutu na bunini busabwa ari imbaraga zirenze.
Kumenyekanisha uruhara ni ngombwa mukubungabunga no guterana kwinteran. Ikibuga cya pich cyangwa caliper birashobora gukoreshwa mugushiraho ubwoko bwugari nubunini. Kurugero, insanganyamatsiko zumuyoboro wumunyamerika hamwe nudusimba dusangwa ni ubwoko bwuzuye hamwe nibiranga bitandukanye.
Ubwoko bwugari twa Amerika nka NPT bukoreshwa cyane muri Amerika ya ruguru. Bakurikiza urugero ruhuriweho , rurimo urudodo ruhujwe nigihugu kidahujwe (UNC) hamwe nigiti cyunze ubumwe (UNF).
Imiyoboro ya Britique isanzwe (BSPT) hamwe nubwongereza buringaniye Whitworth (BSW) harimo n'ubwongereza busanzwe whitworth (BSWC) , , muburyo bw'ubwongereza hamwe n'ibihugu bya gicem.
Ikibuga diameter yumuyoboro cya wumuyoboro ni ugupima kunegura. Ni diameter yubukorikori bwibitekerezo aho ubunini bwuzuye bungana numwanya . Kubipimo nyabyo, igipimo cyangwa caliper ikoreshwa.
Imitwe yumugabo numutwe wumugore ni amagambo akoreshwa mugusobanura diameter yo hanze nubudodo bwimbere . Imitwe yumugabo iboneka hanze yimiyoboro cyangwa fittings, mugihe imitwe yabagore iri imbere.
Imitwe iburyo ni urwego mu nganda, aho urudodo rufata isaha. Intoki zisigaye ntizimenyerewe kandi zikangana.
Buri gihe ukoreshe ikibuga cyo kwemeza ikibuga cyambaye ubusa na diameter.
l kwemeza ko insanganyamatsiko yapfunyitse irafunzwe bihagije hamwe numukozi wa mbere.
l Kubitanga byigitutu kinini, tekereza ku nsanganyamatsiko zitera imbaraga zongerewe imbaraga.
Menya ibipimo ngenderwaho byubwoko bwihariye bwo kwishyiriraho urimo gukora.
Koresha isobanutse neza inzira kugirango wirinde amasano yahujwe.
Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yinsanganyamatsiko zimaze kumeneka kandi zifitanye isano ningirakamaro kumuntu uwo ariwo wose cyangwa imirima yo kwishyiriraho. neza Kumenyekanisha no guhitamo birashobora gukumira kumeneka, kwemeza ubunyangamugayo bwa sisitemu, no kubungabunga amahame yumutekano muri ibi bikorwa bikomeye.
Ku bijyanye nubwoko bwuzuye, benshi muritwe tumenyereye ubwoko rusange duhura nabyo mubihe bya buri munsi nka bolts nimbuto. Ariko, hariho isi yuburyo bugoye bugira uruhare runini mu nganda zitandukanye. Reka twinjire muri bumwe muri ubwo bwoko bwateye imbere hamwe nibisabwa byihariye.
Imitwe ya acme izwiho imiterere yabo ya trapezodal, ikabatera imbaraga kandi ikwiranye n'imitwaro iremereye kuruta imitwe isanzwe . Bakunze kuboneka mubikoresho nkibibi hamwe na Jack aho imbaraga nimbaro birimo kwifuza.
Insanganyamatsiko zidasanzwe zidasanzwe hamwe na crostine n'imizi. Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mubidukikije aho imitwe ishobora guhura nibikorwa bikabije cyangwa bigomba gukomera byoroshye, nko mu birindiro n'ibinyobwa.
Imitwe ya Buttress ifite igishushanyo cyemerera kwimura cyane mu cyerekezo kimwe. Nukugenda-kurupapuro kubisabwa nkikarito aho ukeneye insanganyamatsiko kugirango ukemure imbaraga nyinshi mubyerekezo byombi.
Imitwe yintoki ningirakamaro muri sisitemu aho umuryango wumwuka ukeneye guhinduka umurongo umwe. Nibice byingenzi muri sisitemu y'ibikoresho, nkibiboneka mubikoresho cyangwa lift.
Buri bwoko bwuzuye bwibanze bukora intego yihariye, akenshi ihuza ibikenewe byinganda runaka.
Insanganyamatsiko ya acme ntabwo ikomeye; Batanga kandi ibisobanuro, biba byiza kumazi -mbaraga.
Imitwe ya Likele , hamwe nubushobozi bwabo bwo kunanira ibyangiritse, ni ingenzi mubuhinzi aho imashini zihuye nibibazo bikaze.
l Ubudodo bwa Buttress ningirakamaro mubikoresho byohanagura kubera ubushobozi bwabo bwo guhangana ninyungu nyinshi.
l inyo zugari ni inyuma yuburyo bwo kugenzura icyerekezo , nkina uruhare runini mumirenge nkimodoka na aerospace.
Ubwoko bwuzuye bwuzuye ntabwo ari imikorere gusa; Biba bijyanye no gusobanura no kwiringirwa muburyo budasanzwe.
l Inganda zindege zishingiye kuri iyi nsanganyamatsiko yihariye kugirango umutekano ubone umutekano n'imikorere yindege.
l Mu nganda zo mu nyanja , kuramba kw'izo nsanganyamatsiko ni ngombwa kugirango uhangane na Borropines Amazi yumunyu.
l Umurima wubuvuzi ukoresha urudodo rwambere mubikoresho byo kuzigama ubuzima, aho gutsindwa atari amahitamo.
l Ingufu ziterwa niyi nsanganyamatsiko kugirango kubungabunga nibikorwa byimashini ziremereye.
Mugihe ubwoko bwuzuye bwuzuye nka iso metric thric tracdod tracdod urudodo rwumuyoboro uzwi, niyi nsanganyamatsiko zigezweho zifata ibyemezo muri porogaramu zihariye. Ingano yubunini bufite akamaro , kandi niko ubwoko bwumugozi wakoreshejwe. Niba ari umugozi wa acme muri lathe cyangwa umugozi wa inyo muri gearbox, usobanukirwe nuburyo bwumubiri bwingenzi ni ngombwa kuba injeniyeri nabatekinisiye munganda. Guhitamo urudodo rwiburyo-kuba urudodo rubangikanye cyangwa urudodo rwaka -can gukora itandukaniro ryimikorere no kuramba byimitwe.
Gusobanukirwa ibipimo bya geometrike byingenzi kubantu bose bakorana nibice byingi . Waba uri mu nganda zamazi cyangwa gukorana no gufunga urudodo , kumenya ibipimo biremeza guhuza no gukora.
bivuga Diameter ikomeye diameter nini wishusho yumugozi . Ni diameter yo hanze yurudodo rwumugabo cyangwa diameter nini yumutwe wumugore . Ibinyuranye, diameter ntoya ni diameter ntoya yurudodo. Ni diameter yubukorikori butekereza bukora ku mvugo gusa ku nsanganyamatsiko yo hanze cyangwa umugozi unegura ku bw'imbere . bunini ; Kubwibyo, kwivuza neza ni ngombwa.
Ikibuga cya diameter nikintu gikomeye kiri hagati yimvugo ikomeye na nto. Ni diameter ya Cylinderi ya TILINIANT aho intera kuva muri pitch diameter ihagarika kuruhande rumwe kugeza ku kibuga cyurudodo kuruhande rumwe rungana. Ikibuga cya diameter ni ngombwa nkuko bifasha kugena umugozi no kwemeza ihuza ryiza.
Ikibuga cyakirwa ni intera yumurongo hagati yibice bibiri byegeranye kurudodo mu ndege ya axial . Nibipimo bitaziguye byumubare wubudodo kuri buri burebure kandi ni ngombwa kugirango umenyekane . Muri sisitemu ya metric , ikibuga gisobanurwa muri milimetero, mugihe muri ishingiye ku mpingamubiri zishingiye ku mpinga sisitemu imitwe y'Abanyamerika isanga cyangwa cyangwa imiyoboro y'Abanyamerika , igaragazwa n'umubare w'imboga kuri santimetero. Ibikoresho bya pitch bikunze gukoreshwa mugupima neza iyi parameter.
Kuyobora ni intera urudodo rugenda ruzenguruka kumurongo wacyo hamwe na foromaje yuzuye. Kuri screw imwe, kuyobora ni kimwe nigikoriko. Ariko, kuri screw ebyiri , iyobowe ni inshuro ebyiri. Iki gitekerezo nibyingenzi kubisaba bisaba inyungu zubukanishi.
Inguni nkoni , izwi kandi ku ya posita , ni inguni hagati yimpande zugari . Ubwoko butandukanye bwurudodo nka Metric ISOreadread threadreadreadreadvokamwongereza , whitworth Imitwe , cyangwa urwego rwubu rusanzwe rufite impande zisanzwe. Kurugero, insangano za metero kare mubisanzwe zifite inguni 60 , mugihe britiort zisanzwe Whitworth Coarse ifite inguni 55 . Imiterere n'inguni bigira ingaruka kuri geometry ya telesosiyo n'imbaraga zayo.
Ibipimo bya geometrike nka diameter , ikomeye diameter , pitch diameter , urudodo , kandi inguni yomenyo ifite uruhare runini mugushushanya . bikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwurudodo, harimo urudodo , rubangikanye inyandiko , ISOLOL ya ISO Ibipimo Gusobanukirwa neza no gupima iyi mibare ukoresheje ibikoresho nka kaliperi na pitch gauge ni ngombwa kugirango habeho uburyo bwiza bwo kumenyekanisha no guhuza imirire ya hose , tube , hamwe na fitta . Wibuke, mwisi yinsanganyamatsiko , uburangabiri ni urufunguzo.
Mugihe ukorana nududodo , ni ngombwa kumenya niba ukorana nuburyo busa cyangwa ubwoko bwugari . Urudodo rubangikanye rukomeza diameter imwe iherezo-kugeza-impera, mugihe insanganyamatsiko zikaba ziragabanuka ziragabanuka, zikaba nto ku mperuka. Kubabwira gutandukana, kureba neza. Urudodo rubangikanye ruzagaragara umwambaro, mugihe insanganyamatsiko yapfunyitse isa nkaho ihungabana.
Kubintu bya tekiniki, koresha caliper . Gupima diameter kubintu bitandukanye byurudodo. Niba ibipimo ari bimwe, ni urudodo rusa . Niba bagabanutse, ufite umugozi wa kashe . Munganda -yububasha , kumenya iri tandukaniro ni ngombwa kugirango ushimangire isano ikwiye.
Ikibuga intera cyurudodo ni iri hagati yacyo. Gupima ibi, uzakoresha igipimo cyikibuga . Iki gikoresho gifite ibyuma bitandukanye, buri kimwe gifite amenyo atandukanye kuri santimetero. Huza gusa igipimo cyanditseho insanganyamatsiko. Iyo ihuye neza, wabonye ikibuga cyawe . Iyi ntambwe ni urufunguzo rwa Metric Tracres hamwe nubwoko bwugari twa Amerika.
Kugirango umenye ubunini bwimboneza , gupima diameter ikomeye -ibintu binini bya diameter yumutwe wumugabo cyangwa diameter yo hanze yumutwe. Koresha caliper kugirango usobanure neza. Ibikurikira, suzuma umwirondoro . Ibi yinyo na geometriry . ISO birimo ya imiterere ya geometrie
Hanyuma, ushyireho urudodo nkibipimo ngenderwaho. Uzakenera kumenya cyizina ryumuntu , igipande , kandi niba ari ukuboko kw'iburyo cyangwa ibumoso . Ibipimo rusange birimo ISO metrike adodo tdor , britiort isanzwe whitworth yuzuye , kandi ifite ishingiro . Buri gihe reba ibipimo ngenderwaho kugirango umenye neza urudodo.
T Ingano yubunini bujyanye no kwemeza umugozi ukwiye kubisabwa nka hose fittate na compressor yo mu kirere bihuza . neza Kumenyekanisha ni urufatiro rwo kubungabunga ibyuma byahanuwe no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu nganda zishingiwe ku bice by'inkwavu.
Mugihe uhitamo insanganyamatsiko kumushinga wawe, ibintu byinshi biza gukina. Ni ngombwa gusuzuma gusaba , ibikoresho byo , no kunganda . Dore gusenyuka kubyo kuzirikana:
1. Kumenyekanisha urugamba : Ni ngombwa kumenya ubwoko bwuzuye . Koresha ikibuga cyo kumenya ikibuga cyuzuye hamwe na caliper gupima diameter ikomeye.
2. Ubwoko butandukanye : Menya ubwoko bwuzuye . aribwo yubwoko , bwido Iyaba ISObwa
3. Fluid-Inganda zunganda : Niba muri uru rwego, imitwe isanga irashobora kuba igenda. Byakozwe kugirango ibibazo byingutu nyinshi.
4. Ingano yubunini bufite akamaro : Buri gihe urebe neza ubunini buhuza hamwe nubushakashatsi bukwiye . Ingano itari yo irashobora kuganisha ku kumeneka cyangwa ibyangiritse.
5. Urudodo rubangikanye n'umugozi wa kashe : kumva itandukaniro. Urudodo rubangikanye rukomeza diameter imwe, mugihe inkingi zidasubirwaho zigabanuka. Ibi bigira ingaruka ku kashe n'uburyo bagena urudodo.
6. Pitch diameter : ikibuga diameter ni ikintu cyingenzi cya geometrike. Nu silinderi yibitekerezo aho intera iri hagati yurwego rungana.
l Guhuza insanganyamatsiko : Irinde gukoresha umugozi wumugabo ufite umugozi wigitsina gore . Ibi birashobora kwambura insanganyamatsiko cyangwa gutera abakene.
Kwirengagiza icyerekezo cyamaboko : Intoki iburyo ni ibintu bisanzwe, ariko intoki ibumoso zikoreshwa muburyo runaka. Ntukabubaze.
l Kurengagiza ibipimo : Ibipimo ngenderwaho , nkurudodo dusanzwe cyangwa iso metric tractric thread , menya neza. Ntukirengagize.
l Kwirengagiza Ibikoresho : Ibikoresho byihuta byurudodo bigomba guhuza ibice bahuza. Ibikoresho bidahuye birashobora guturika cyangwa kunanirwa.
l Kwibagirwa ibikoresho biranga ibimenyetso : ibikoresho nkikibuga cyurudomo nibyingenzi. Bafasha kwirinda amakosa mubyerekeranye.
Wibuke, inzira yo kumenyekanisha ingingo ntabwo igomba gufatanwa uburemere. Ni umusingi wo guhuza neza kandi imikorere ikwiye. Kurugero, mumashanyarazi-yamashanyarazi, ukoresheje ubwoko butari bwo kumurongo wa hose cyangwa umuyoboro wa tube bishobora kuganisha ku kumeneka.
Guhitamo ubwoko bwikintu gikwiye nabyo bisobanura gusuzuma igishushanyo mbonera. Ku miyoboro ya pipe, umuyoboro wigihugu wa karaper (NPT) na poropay isanzwe ya taper (BSPT) ni ubwoko bwingenzi bwuzuye. Bakoresha urusaku rwinshi rwumuyoboro wa kashe.
Ibinyuranye, porogaramu isaba insanganyamatsiko zisa zishobora gukoresha iso metric traction yumutwe cyangwa urwego rwigihugu ruhujwe (UNC). Ibi biremeza umurongo uhamye uhamye ku bice byimbitse.
Ubwanyuma, ntukibagirwe amahugurwa yo kubungabunga ibihano na tekinoroji. Gukomeza imbere hamwe na iot yinganda irashobora kugufasha guhitamo ubwoko bwiburyo no kubungabunga neza. Kandi mugihe compressor yo mu kirere yerekana ko muyunguruzi zisa nkaho zidafitanye isano, zishingiye cyane kumahitamo akwiye kugirango ukore neza.
Twanyuze mu isi ikomeye y'insanganyamatsiko, gusuzuma noline ituma buri bwoko bwihariye. Kuva ku nsanganyamatsiko y'umuyoboro wa Amerika kuri Metric ISO mbere, gusobanukirwa ubwoko butandukanye bw'imboga ntabwo ari amasomo gusa - ni ngombwa. Mu nganda nka fluid-imbaraga cyangwa gukora, kumenya imitwe yawe isangwa na sae muri oucrems yawe yumwongereza wwumwongereza irashobora gusobanura itandukaniro riri hagati yukuri kandi ikosa rihenze.
Reba uyu muhamagaro mubikorwa: Koresha ubuhanga bwawe bwo kumenyekanisha uruhara kugirango wongere akazi kawe. Waba ushushanyijeho FeTings cyangwa uhitemo umuyoboro mwiza wa tube fittams, ibuka iyo ngendo zifatika. Hamwe na gauge na caliper mu ntoki, ufite ibikoresho byo kwerekana umugozi ufite ikizere.
Kubari mu murima, uburyo bwo kumenyekanisha ingingo ntabwo ari ukubona isano ikwiye; Nibyemeza kurinda umutekano no gukora neza. Ibipimo ngenderanda birahari kugirango bituyobore, nibikoresho nkintoki bitera inkunga mugukomeza ayo mahame. Wibuke, ubwoko bwuzuye burenze urutonde rwamazina - ni ururimi rwabo, ururimi ruvuga ubusugire bwumutwe wose.
Mu gusoza, ubwoko bwingenzi bwurudodo-urudodo bubangikanye, urudodo rusa, Ubwoko bwidomo bwa ISO. Mugihe tekinoroji iteza imbere iot yinganda no kubungabunga ibyuma, niko rero tugomba kumenya igishushanyo mbonera.
