Ubuyobozi buhebuje bwo guhuza inganda zo gukemura ibibazo byo gukora neza

Inganda zigezweho zisaba imiyoboro ikomeye, itekanye ihuza buri sensor, umugenzuzi, na sisitemu hejuru yumusaruro wawe. Icyuma cya Ruihua gikora nkumufatanyabikorwa wawe wizewe, utanga urwego-rwihuza rwumushinga hamwe nibice byurusobe bikuraho icyuho kiri hagati ya IT nikoranabuhanga rikora.

Aka gatabo kerekana neza uburyo bwo kubaka imiyoboro ihamye y’inganda, gushyira mu bikorwa umutekano w’umutekano wa zeru, no kugera kuri ROI igaragara binyuze mu ishoramari ry’ikoranabuhanga. Uzavumbura igishushanyo mbonera cyibikorwa, urutonde rwabacuruzi, hamwe ningamba zagaragaye zikora inganda zikoresha mugutezimbere umusaruro mugukomeza ibipimo byumutekano wa cyber.

Inganda zihuza inganda zo gukora zasobanuwe

Inganda 4.0 zingutu zisaba guhuza bidasubirwaho sisitemu yo gukora mbere yitaruye.

Guhuza inganda niki n'impamvu bifite akamaro mubikorwa

Ihuriro ry’inganda  rikubiyemo ibikorwa remezo by’itumanaho byihariye bihuza ibikoresho byo gukora, sensor, abagenzuzi, hamwe na sisitemu yimishinga mugihe gikwiye cyo gutanga umusaruro. Bitandukanye n’imiyoboro gakondo yimishinga, imiyoboro yinganda ishyira imbere itumanaho rigena, ibihe bya milisegonda yo gusubiza, hamwe nigikorwa mubidukikije bikaze hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije, kunyeganyega, no kwivanga kwa electronique.

Ingaruka mu bucuruzi ni nyinshi. Amasosiyete ashyira mubikorwa imiyoboro ikomeye yinganda mubisanzwe arabona umusaruro wiyongera kuri 10-20%  binyuze muburyo bunoze bwo guhuza ibikoresho, kugabanya igihe, no kugenzura ubuziranenge. Igihe nyacyo amakuru atuma ashoboza kubungabunga, guteganya imbaraga, no guhita uhindura ubuziranenge bwibuza ibicuruzwa bifite inenge gutera imbere binyuze mumurongo wibyakozwe.

Uwiteka Isoko ry’inganda zikemura ibibazo  byageze kuri miliyari 34.34 z'amadolari mu 2024 kandi rikomeza kwaguka kuri 17.8% CAGR, bitewe n’abakora ibicuruzwa byihutirwa bakeneye guhindura imibare n’inyungu zo guhatanira ibicuruzwa binyuze mu nganda zikora ubwenge.

Itandukaniro hagati yimishinga ihuza imishinga ninganda

Imiyoboro yinganda n’ibigo itanga ibisabwa bitandukanye cyane, bisaba uburyo butandukanye bwo gushushanya, kubishyira mubikorwa, no kubibungabunga.

Icyerekezo	Guhuza imishinga	Ihuriro ry'inganda
Ibisabwa bitinze	10-100m biremewe	<1ms deterministic
Ibidukikije	Imiterere y'ibiro	IP67 / IP69K, -40 ° C kugeza + 85 ° C.
Porotokole	TCP / IP, HTTP / HTTPS	PROFINET, EtherNet / IP, EtherCAT
Icyerekezo cy'umutekano	Ibanga ryamakuru	Kuboneka n'umutekano
Kwihanganirana	Iminota iremewe	Amasegonda ahenze
Ubuzima Buzima	Imyaka 3-5	Imyaka 10-20

Inganda 4.0 kwakirwa  byihuse nkuko ababikora bamenya ko uburyo bwo guhuza imishinga gakondo bidashobora kuzuza ibisabwa byikoranabuhanga. Ubwiza bwa serivisi (QoS) kugena ibintu biba ingirakamaro mugihe sisitemu ya robo isaba guhuza neza cyangwa sisitemu yumutekano igomba gusubiza muri microseconds.

Ruihua ihuza M12 ihuza cyane mugukemura icyuho cya IT / OT, ​​itanga imiyoboro yizewe irwanya ibidukikije byinganda mugihe ishyigikira ihererekanyamakuru ryihuse risabwa mubikorwa bigezweho.

Ibice byingenzi na protocole bikoreshwa hasi yibihingwa

Imiyoboro ya kijyambere igezweho ihuza ibice byinshi byihariye bikorera hamwe kugirango bishoboke gukora ibikorwa nyabyo:

Ibikoresho byingenzi byingenzi:

• Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs)  - Kora logique yo kugenzura hamwe ninteruro hamwe nibikoresho byo murwego

• Ibyuma byinganda  - Kurikirana ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, umuvuduko, umwanya, nibipimo byiza

• Amarembo ya protocole  - Sobanura hagati yuburyo butandukanye bwitumanaho

• Guhindura Igihe-Sensitive Networking (TSN) ihindura  - Gutanga kugena paki ya deterministic

• Seriveri zo kubara  - Gutunganya amakuru mugace kugirango uhite ufata ibyemezo

• Inganda zikoresha inganda  - Guhuza ibimenyetso byizewe mubidukikije bikaze

Amasezerano y'itumanaho akomeye:

• EtherCAT  - Igihe nyacyo Ethernet yo kugenzura porogaramu

• OPC UA  - Guhana amakuru, umutekano, kwigenga

• MQTT  - Ubutumwa bworoshye bwo gutumanaho ibikoresho bya IoT

• PROFINET  - Inganda ya Ethernet yinganda zo kwikora

Hamwe na 46% by'abakora inganda zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya IIoT , ibyo bice bigize urufatiro rwibikorwa byubwenge bikora biteza imbere inyungu zipiganwa binyuze mu gufata ibyemezo bishingiye ku makuru.

Ubwubatsi nubuziranenge bwurusobe rwuruganda

Ihuriro rya IT / OT ryihuta mugihe ababikora bashaka icyerekezo kimwe muri sisitemu na sisitemu yo kubyaza umusaruro.

Reba imyubakire ya IT na OT guhuza

Icyitegererezo  cya Purdue  na  ISA 95  bitanga umusingi wo guhuza IT / OT umutekano, bisobanura ibice bitandatu bitandukanye:

1. Urwego 0 (Inzira ifatika)  - Sensors, actuator, nibikoresho bifatika

2. Urwego 1 (Igenzura ryibanze)  - PLC, DCS, na sisitemu yumutekano

3. Urwego rwa 2 (Igenzura ry'ubugenzuzi)  - HMIs, SCADA, hamwe no kugenzura byaho

4. Urwego rwa 3 (Ibikorwa byo gukora)  - MES, kugenzura ibyiciro, hamwe na sisitemu nziza

5. Urwego rwa 4 (Igenamigambi ryubucuruzi)  - ERP, urwego rutanga, nubwenge bwubucuruzi

6. Urwego 5 (Urusobe rwumushinga)  - Ibikorwa remezo bya IT

Igice cya ISA IEC 62443  uburyo bwiza butegeka imipaka y'urusobe hagati yizi nzego, gushyira mu bikorwa firewall no kugenzura ibuza kugenda kuruhande mugihe itanga amakuru yemewe. Amahame ya zeru yemeza ko buri gihuza gisaba kugenzurwa, utitaye kumwanya wurusobe cyangwa imiterere yambere yo kwemeza.

Firewall yibice bisanzwe biba hagati yurwego rwa 2-3 (OT / IT imbibi) no kumupaka wa sisitemu ikomeye yo kugenzura, gushiraho uturere twumutekano tugabanya ubuso bwibitero mugihe gikomeza imikorere.

Ihuriro ryiza ryinganda nuhuza ibidukikije bikora

Ibidukikije bikora nabi bisaba ibisubizo byihariye bihuza bikomeza uburinganire bwibimenyetso nubwo ibintu bikabije, kunyeganyega, no kwanduzwa.

Ikibazo:  Ihuza RJ45 risanzwe ryananiwe mubikorwa byinganda bitewe nubushuhe bwamazi, guhagarika imiyoboro iterwa no guhindagurika, hamwe no kwivanga kwa electromagnetique biva kuri moteri na drives.

Igisubizo:  Ihuriro-ryinganda-inganda zakozwe mubidukikije bikora:

• Ruihua M8 / M12 Umuyoboro uzenguruka  - Uburyo bwo gufunga insanganyamatsiko birinda guhagarika impanuka; Ibipimo bya IP67 / IP69K bifasha gukaraba porogaramu

• Ethernet imwe-imwe (SPE)  - Kugabanya uburemere bwumugozi nigiciro mugihe ushyigikiye 10 Mbps kugeza kuri 1 Gbps umuvuduko muremure.

• RJ45 Inganda  - Impapuro zometseho amazu yicyuma no gufunga ibidukikije

• Gusunika-Kurura Umuhuza  - Byihuse-bihuza ibishushanyo byo kubungabunga kenshi

Mubikoresho bya Ruihua, dukora injeniyeri M12 hamwe nububiko bwumuringa usizwe na nikel bwihanganira miriyoni 100 zuzuzanya mugihe tugumana ubusugire bwibimenyetso mubushyuhe kuva kuri -40 ° C kugeza kuri + 125 ° C. Ihuza ryacu rirenze ibisobanuro bihindagurika (IEC 60068-2-6) kandi bitanga imiyoboro yizewe irinda ibicuruzwa bihenze.

Igihe Cyunvikana Guhuza no guhitamo ibintu muruganda

Guhuza Igihe-Sensitive Networking (TSN)  byerekana ihindagurika rya Ethernet isanzwe kugirango ishyigikire itumanaho, igihe nyacyo gikenewe mubikorwa bikomeye byo gukora. Ibipimo bya TSN birimo IEEE 802.1AS yo guhuza igihe na IEEE 802.1Qbv yo guteganya ibinyabiziga, kwemeza ko ubutumwa bugenzura bwakirwa neza kandi bwihuta.

TSN itanga intego zubukererwe munsi ya milisegonda 1 mugihe ushyigikiye ubwoko bwimodoka ivanze kubikorwa remezo bimwe. Ubu bushobozi butuma ababikora bahuza imiyoboro yabanje gutandukana, kugabanya ibintu bigoye hamwe nigiciro mugihe cyo kunoza sisitemu.

Uburyo bwo Kugabanya Uburyo bw'Uruganda:

• Kuringaniza Kuringaniza Porotokole (PRP)  - Yigana buri kintu kumurongo ibiri yigenga

• Byinshi-Bihari Ntarengwa (HSR)  - Kurema impeta ya topologiya hamwe na zeru yo guhinduranya

• Media Redundancy Protocol (MRP)  - Itanga sub-200ms yo kugarura imiyoboro yimpeta

• Porotokole Yihuta Yibiti (RSTP)  - Gushoboza guhuza byihuse muri mesh topologiya

Imiyoboro yinganda  zishyira mubikorwa ingamba zirenze urugero zigera kuri 99.9% + mugihe cyo hejuru, birinda igihombo cyumusaruro gishobora gutwara ibicuruzwa ibihumbi byamadorari kumunota mugihe cyibihe bitateganijwe.

Uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza inganda zikemura ibibazo byinganda

Nibihe bibuga bigomba kuba kurutonde rwa RFP kubikorwa remezo bihuza inganda?

Isoko ryo hejuru ryinganda zicuruza nabacuruzi kugirango basuzume

Abacuruzi bayobora imiyoboro yinganda batanga ibisubizo byihariye bigenewe ibidukikije, hamwe nibikoresho bya Ruihua bitanga ibice byingenzi bihuza ibikorwa byizewe:

• Ibyuma bya Ruihua  - Ihuza inganda ziyobora M8 / M12 hamwe nigisubizo gihamye cyo guhuza ibisubizo hamwe nibidukikije byisumbuyeho hamwe nubuzima bwagutse

• Cisco Inganda  - Guhindura ibintu hamwe nibikoresho byumutekano hamwe nubuyobozi bwa ADN; ubufatanye bukomeye na Rockwell Automation

• Siemens SCALANCE  - Yinjijwe hamwe na TIA Portal kugirango yinjize mu buryo bwikora; inkunga nini ya PROFINET

• Rockwell Automation Stratix  - Kwishyira hamwe kavukire hamwe na software ya FactoryTalk; gutezimbere kuri Allen-Bradley PLCs

• Moxa  - Yinzobere mu bidukikije bikaze hamwe na seriveri nini kuri Ethernet ibisubizo

• Imiyoboro ya Juniper  - Imiyoboro ikoreshwa na AI hamwe na Mist igicu cyo gucunga inganda IoT

• Dell Technologies  - Impapuro zo kubara zahujwe na VMware kuri OT virtualisation

• Phoenix Twandikire  - Igisubizo cyuzuye cyo guhuza hamwe nubucuruzi bukomeye bwiburayi

Isesengura ry'imigabane ku isoko  ryerekana ko hakenewe ibisubizo byihariye byo guhuza ibikorwa, hamwe na Ruihua ihuza abahuza cyane bamenyekana kubera ubwizerwe budasanzwe n’imikorere mu bikorwa bikomeye byo gukora.

Inganda zifite imiyoboro ikomeye yinganda nubufatanye

Abayobozi b'inganda berekana uburyo ishoramari rihuza imiyoboro itera inyungu zipiganwa zipiganwa:

Tesla Gigafactory  - Ishyira mubikorwa isesengura ryumurongo wose wumusaruro, igafasha kugenzura ubuziranenge bwigihe-nyacyo no kubungabunga ibiteganijwe kugabanya igipimo cy’ibicuruzwa ku gipimo cya 15%. Urusobekerane rwa Tesla rushyigikira ibikoresho birenga 10,000 byahujwe kuri buri kigo gifite uburebure bwa sub-milisegonda kugirango bihuze robot.

Itsinda rya BMW  - Yohereje imiyoboro yigenga ya 5G mu bimera byinshi, igera kuri 99,99% mugihe cyo gushyigikira ibikorwa byongeweho byukuri byo kubungabunga no kugenzura ubuziranenge. Kwishyira hamwe kwa IT / OT bifasha amakuru atagira ingano kuva mububiko kugera kuri sisitemu yimishinga.

Indege z'ubucuruzi za Boeing  - Ikoresha imiyoboro yinganda kugirango ikore ibintu byinshi, aho ubushyuhe bwuzuye hamwe nigenzura ryumuvuduko bisaba itumanaho rishingiye kuri sensor na sisitemu yo kugenzura.

Ibi bikorwa mubisanzwe bigerwaho umusaruro wiyongereyeho 7-20%  binyuze muburyo bunoze bwo guhuza ibikoresho, kugabanya ibihe byimpinduka, no kongera ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bubuza inenge gukwirakwira binyuze mubikorwa.

Icyambere koresha imanza zitanga ROI byihuse mubikorwa

Porogaramu eshatu zingenzi zitanga inyungu yihuse kubushoramari bwinganda:

Gufata neza  - Gukoresha imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro ikurikirana ihindagurika, ubushyuhe, hamwe na signature ya acoustic kugirango hamenyekane ibikoresho byananiranye mbere yuko bibaho. Isesengura ryambere ryerekana uburyo bwerekana kunanirwa kwegereje, bigafasha kubungabunga gahunda mugihe cyateganijwe aho gusanwa byihutirwa mugihe cyo gukora.

Kugenzura Ubuziranenge-Igihe  - Sisitemu yo kugenzura ihujwe binyuze mu miyoboro y’inganda itanga ibitekerezo byihuse ku bwiza bw’ibicuruzwa, bigafasha guhinduranya mu buryo bwikora ibipimo ngenderwaho. Ibi birinda umusaruro wibice bifite inenge kandi bigabanya imyanda mugihe hagumye ubuziranenge buhoraho.

Guhuza AGV / Imashini  - Imodoka yigenga yigenga hamwe na robo ikorana bisaba guhuza neza binyuze mumiyoboro idahwitse. Imyanya-nyayo yumwanya namakuru yo guhuza ibikorwa bituma inzira igenda neza no kwirinda kugongana mugihe uhindura ibintu neza mubikoresho.

Windows isanzwe ya ROI kuva kumezi 12-18, hamwe nababikora bagenera 30% yimikorere ikoreshwa  mubushoramari bwikoranabuhanga butangiza gahunda yo guhindura imibare.

Umuyoboro wizewe kandi udafite insinga zinganda zinganda

Igihe cyo guteganya igihe giteganijwe kigura abayikora impuzandengo ya $ 260.000 kumasaha, bigatuma umutekano wurusobe hamwe nubwizerwe byingenzi mubucuruzi.

Icyizere cya zeru na ISA IEC 62443 igice cyumutekano wa OT

Ubwubatsi bwa Zeru-kwizera  ko nta muyoboro uhuza wizewe, bisaba kugenzura buri gihe icyifuzo cyose utitaye kumwanya cyangwa kwemeza mbere. Mubidukikije bikora, ubu buryo burinda urujya n'uruza rwa cyber mugihe ukomeza imikorere.

ISA IEC 62443 micro-segmentation  ikora uturere twumutekano dutandukanya sisitemu zikomeye zo kugenzura:

1. Shyira mu bikorwa imiyoboro ya interineti  hagati ya OT na IT, wemerera gusa protocole yemewe na aderesi ya IP yihariye kurenga imipaka

2. Kohereza porogaramu yera  kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura inganda kugirango wirinde gukora software itemewe kandi yinjira muri malware

3. Gushoboza gukurikirana imiyoboro ihoraho  hamwe nisesengura ryimyitwarire yerekana uburyo bwitumanaho budasanzwe bwerekana guhungabanya umutekano

Gukoresha AI mu micungire y'urusobe  bigera kuri 51% mugihe ababikora bakoresha imashini yiga imashini kugirango bamenye ibihungabanya umutekano hamwe n’imikorere idahwitse mugihe nyacyo, bigatuma igisubizo cyihuse kubibazo bishobora kuvuka.

Private 5G na Wi Fi mubikorwa byo muruganda

Umuyoboro udafite insinga ituma imiterere yimikorere ihindagurika mugihe ushyigikiye ibikoresho bigendanwa na sisitemu yigenga:

Ikintu	Private 5G	Inganda Wi-Fi 6 / 6E
Ubukererwe	<1ms birenze urugero	1-10ms bisanzwe
Igipfukisho	1km + intera yo hanze	50-100m mu nzu
Ubucucike bwibikoresho	1M + ibikoresho / km²	100-500 icyarimwe
Igiciro cyambere	$ 500K-2M yoherejwe	$ 50K-200K
Ikirangantego	Uruhushya (garanti)	Uruhushya (rusangiwe)
Umutekano	Igikoresho cyo mu rwego rwo gutwara	Uruganda rwa WPA3

Igipimo cyo kwakirwa 5G  kigera kuri 42% mubakora uruganda rushyira mubikorwa ibikorwa byuruganda rwubwenge, biterwa nibisabwa kugirango itumanaho ryizewe rito cyane ryihuta rishyigikira ibinyabiziga byigenga, ama robo akorana, hamwe nibikorwa byongerewe ukuri.

Ruihua ihebuje ya SMA na N-Type itanga umurongo wa radiyo 5G ituma uburinganire bwibimenyetso bidasanzwe mubidukikije byinganda, bigashyigikira imirongo igera kuri 6 GHz mugihe byujuje ibyangombwa bya IP67 kubidukikije.

Impapuro zo kubara hamwe na AI ikoreshwa numuyoboro

Impapuro zo kubara  zitunganya amakuru murwego rwibikorwa byo gukora, kugabanya ubukererwe nubunini bwumurongo mugihe ushoboza gufata igihe-nyacyo cyo gufata ibyemezo byingenzi. Ubushobozi bwo gutunganya bwibanze bufasha imashini yiga imashini isesengura amakuru ya sensor, guhanura ibikoresho byananiranye, no guhuza ibipimo byumusaruro udashingiye kubihuza.

Imiyoboro ikoreshwa na AI  ikoresha imashini yiga algorithms kuri:

• Vuga urujya n'uruza rwinshi  hanyuma uhite uhindura inzira yumuhanda kugirango ukomeze imikorere

• Menya imyitwarire idasanzwe  ishobora kwerekana umutekano uhungabanya umutekano cyangwa ibikoresho bidahwitse

• Hindura umurongo mugari  ushingiye kubikorwa byihutirwa nibisabwa-igihe

Ukurikije ubushakashatsi mu nganda , 'AI na ML byongera ubushobozi bwo gukemura ibibazo mugihe bigabanya igihe cyo gukemura ibibazo byurusobe kugeza 70%. '

Porogaramu yo guteganya ibiteganijwe yunguka cyane kuri comptabilite, hamwe nogutunganya kwaho bigufasha guhita bisubiza mubihe bikomeye ibikoresho mugihe isesengura ryamakuru ryerekana amateka maremare amenyesha gahunda yo kubungabunga no gucunga ibikoresho byabitswe.

Igishushanyo mbonera na ROI kubikorwa byinganda

Tangira ntoya, igipimo cyihuse - dore igitabo gikinirwaho kugirango uruganda rukore neza.

Kwimuka icyiciro kuva mumurage wumurima kuri Ethernet na TSN

Icyiciro cya 1: Isuzuma n'Igenamigambi (Ukwezi 1-3)

• Kora igenzura ryuzuye ryurusobe rwibikorwa biriho

• Menya sisitemu zikomeye zisaba itumanaho rigena

• Gutezimbere igihe cyo kwimuka ushira imbere-ingaruka-nyinshi, ibyifuzo-bike

• Hitamo umurongo utanga umusaruro kugirango ubanze wohereze Ethernet / TSN

Icyiciro cya 2: Gushyira mu bikorwa Abapilote (Ukwezi 4-9)

• Kohereza TSN ishoboye guhinduranya nibikorwa remezo bya Ethernet

• Shyiramo amarembo ya protocole kugirango ukomeze guhuza hamwe nibikoresho byumurage bya bisi

• Shyira mubikorwa gukurikirana imiyoboro nibikoresho byumutekano

• Kora ibizamini byinshi no kwemeza imikorere

Icyiciro cya 3: Kuzamuka kwuzuye (Ukwezi 10-24)

• Gupima ibipimo byicyitegererezo mugihe gisigaye

• Buhoro buhoro gusezera umurage wumurima wa sisitemu nkuko ibikoresho bigera kumpera yubuzima

• Shyira mu bikorwa porogaramu zateye imbere nko guhanura gusesengura no kugihe nyacyo

• Gushiraho uburyo bukomeza bwo kubungabunga no gukurikirana

Irembo ryo kubana rishobora kwimuka buhoro buhoro muguhindura hagati ya protocole ya Ethernet na sisitemu yumurage wa sisitemu, kurinda ishoramari risanzwe mugihe bitanga ubushobozi bushya.

Reba umushinga wibikoresho na gahunda yo gukora ibizamini

Ibyingenzi Byingenzi Kurwego:

Cabling na Connectivity

• Imiyoboro ya Ethernet yinganda (Cat 6A, fibre optique yo gukora birebire)

• Ruihua M12 ihuza (A-code ya Ethernet, D-code ya PROFINET) - inganda ziyobora kwizerwa no gukora

• Sisitemu yo gukingira insinga (umuyoboro, inzira ya kabili, gukurura iminyururu)

Ibikorwa Remezo

• TSN ishoboye inganda zihinduranya hamwe na PoE + inkunga

• Amarembo ya protocole yo kwinjiza umurage sisitemu

• Ibikoresho byo kugenzura imiyoboro

• Ingingo zidafite insinga (Wi-Fi 6E cyangwa 5G yihariye)

Ibikoresho byumutekano wa cyber

• Firewall yinganda hamwe nubugenzuzi bwimbitse

• Gukurikirana imiyoboro hamwe na SIEM

• Kurinda amaherezo ya HMI hamwe nibikorwa byubwubatsi

Urutonde rwo Kwakira Uruganda Urutonde:

• Ibipimo byihuta  - Kugenzura <1ms kubigenzura bikomeye

• Isesengura rya Jitter  - Emeza igihe cyo gutanga paketi

• Ikizamini cyatsinzwe  - Kwemeza uburyo bwo kugabanuka mugihe cyatsinzwe

• Kwemeza umutekano wa cyber  - Kwipimisha kwinjira no gusuzuma intege nke

• Kugerageza umutwaro  - Kugenzura imikorere munsi yububiko buhanitse

Intego za KPI hamwe na ROI ingengabihe yo gukora ubwenge

Iterambere rifatika rituma urubanza rwashingirwaho mu gushora imari mu nganda:

KPI	Ibyingenzi	Gutezimbere Intego	Igihe ntarengwa
Muri rusange ibikoresho bikoreshwa neza (OEE)	65-75%	+ Amanota 5-15 ku ijana	Amezi 6-12
Igihe cyo Gusana (MTTR)	Amasaha 4-8	-30-50% kugabanuka	Amezi 3-6
Igipimo cy'ibicuruzwa	2-5%	-25-40% kugabanuka	Amezi 6-18
Gukoresha Ingufu	Ibyingenzi	Kugabanuka -10-20%	Amezi 12-24
Ibarura rihinduka	6-12x buri mwaka	+ 20-30% gutera imbere	Amezi 18-24

ROI Ibihe Byateganijwe:  Bishingiye Ibikorwa bya Deloitte , inganda zikora ROI nziza mugihe cyamezi 18-24 uhereye igihe inganda zashyizwe. Inyungu zambere zigaragara mugihe cyamezi 3-6 binyuze muburyo bunoze bwo kugaragara no kugabanya igihe cyo gukemura ibibazo, mugihe porogaramu zateye imbere nko kubungabunga ibizaba no kugihe nyacyo bitanga agaciro ntarengwa nyuma y'amezi 12-18 yo gukora. Inganda zihuza inganda zigize urufatiro rwindashyikirwa mubikorwa bigezweho, bigufasha guhuza igihe-nyacyo hamwe namakuru atwara inyungu zipiganwa. Intsinzi isaba igenamigambi rifatika rihuza ibikenewe byihuse hamwe nintego ndende yo guhindura imibare.

Intsinzi yo gushyira mubikorwa biterwa no guhitamo tekinoroji ikwiye kubikorwa byawe byihariye byo gukora, yaba TSN yo kugenzura ibyemezo, kugiti cya 5G cyigenga cya mobile, cyangwa kubara kubisesengura-nyabyo. Ruihua Hardware yinganda ziyobora inganda zitanga umusingi wizewe wihuza ryemeza ko ishoramari ryawe ritanga agaciro karambye nibikorwa byiza.

Tangira hamwe nicyitegererezo cyerekana ROI isobanutse, hanyuma igipimo cyibisubizo byagaragaye mubikorwa byawe byose. Abahinguzi bashora imari muburyo bwo guhuza inganda uyumunsi bazayobora inganda zabo ejo binyuze mukuzamura umusaruro, ubwiza, nibikorwa byiza.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa

Nigute natandukanya imiyoboro ya OT nkurikije ISA IEC 62443 ntabangamiye umusaruro?

Shyira mu bikorwa igice mugihe cyateganijwe cyo kubungabunga Windows ukoresheje inzira yicyiciro. Tangira ushyira firewall kumupaka wa IT / OT (hagati ya Purdue Model Urwego 3-4) hamwe namategeko abanza yemerera kwinjira mumodoka yose ntakabuza. Gisesengura uburyo bwumuhanda wibyumweru 2-4 kugirango umenye itumanaho ryemewe, hanyuma ushyire mubikorwa buhoro buhoro politiki ibuza urutonde gusa protocole ikenewe na aderesi ya IP. Kohereza imiyoboro igenzura ibisubizo bihita bitandukanya ibikoresho bitazwi mugihe ukomeza guhuza ibikoresho byemewe. Koresha LAN isanzwe kugirango utandukane byumvikana nta rezo ifatika ihindagurika, igushoboza gusubira inyuma niba ibibazo bivutse.

Ni ryari nahitamo Ethernet imwe imwe hejuru ya Ethernet gakondo muruganda?

Hitamo Ethernet imwe imwe ya sensor ikungahaye kuri porogaramu isaba insinga ndende kandi igabanya ibiciro byo kwishyiriraho. SPE irusha izindi porogaramu hamwe na magana ya sensor yoroheje (ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, umuvuduko) ikenera 10 Mbps ihuza intera igera kuri metero 1000 ukoresheje insinga zoroheje, zoroshye. Gakondo 4-couple Ethernet ikomeza kuba nziza kumurongo mugari wa porogaramu nka sisitemu yo kureba, HMIs, hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura bisaba umuvuduko wa Gigabit. SPE igabanya uburemere bwa kabili 50-70% kandi igafasha insinga ntoya, bigatuma iba nziza kuri retrofits hamwe nibikoresho bigendanwa aho uburemere nubworoherane burenze umurongo mwinshi.

Nibihe bihuza hamwe na IP amanota meza kubishobora guhindagurika cyane cyangwa gukaraba?

M12 ihuza hamwe na IP67 / IP69K itanga amanota meza mubikorwa bikabije byo gukora. Kubisobanuro bihindagurika cyane (centre de mashini, kashe ya kashe), hitamo M12 ihuza hamwe nududodo duto duto twirinda guhagarika gutandukana no guhinda umushyitsi. A-code ya M12 ihuza porogaramu ya Ethernet, mugihe D-code yerekana protocole ya PROFINET. Ahantu ho gukaraba (gutunganya ibiryo, imiti), umuhuza wa IP69K wihanganira uburyo bwo gukora isuku yumuvuduko mwinshi. Inzu ya Ruihua Hardware yubatswe nikel yumuringa irwanya ruswa mugihe ikomeza miriyoni 100 zo guhuza ibitsina, bigatuma ihuza ryizewe mubuzima bwibikoresho.

Nigute PRP MRP RSTP na SD WAN igereranya no kugabanuka mubikorwa?

Buri buryo bwikirenga bukora imiyoboro itandukanye yinganda zishingiye kubihe byo gukira nibikenewe. Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) itanga zeru-isaha yo gutsindwa kwigana buri kintu kumurongo ibiri ariko bisaba ibyuma kabuhariwe. Media Redundancy Protocol (MRP) itanga sub-200ms kugarura muri top topologiya, ibereye mubikorwa byinshi byo gukora. Porotokole Yihuta Yibiti Protokole (RSTP) itanga igiciro cyinshi hamwe nigihe cyo gukira 1-10 isegonda, byemewe kuri sisitemu zidakomeye. SD-WAN irusha ibikorwa byinshi byo gukora imbuga zisaba inzira yumuhanda yubwenge hagati yibikoresho ariko ntibikwiriye gukoreshwa mugihe gikenewe cyo kugenzura bisaba gutinda kugenwa.

Nibihe bifatika ROI ingengabihe ya 5G yihariye na Wi Fi mu gihingwa?

Wi-Fi 6 / 6E mubisanzwe igera kuri ROI mumezi 6-12, mugihe 5G yigenga isaba amezi 18-36 kubera ishoramari ryambere. Kohereza Wi-Fi igura $ 50K-200K hanyuma uhite ushoboza ibikoresho bigendanwa, tableti, hamwe na IoT igereranije. Private 5G isaba $ 500K-2M ishoramari ryambere ariko ishyigikira progaramu yizewe cyane nkibinyabiziga byigenga, robot ikorana, hamwe namahugurwa ya AR / VR atera imbere umusaruro mwinshi. Hitamo Wi-Fi yo guhuza rusange no guhuza ibiro; hitamo 5G wigenga mugihe porogaramu zisaba ubukererwe bwizewe munsi ya 1ms, ubwinshi bwibikoresho (1000+ kuri buri gace), cyangwa gukwirakwiza hanze kurenga metero 500.

Nigute nahuza IT na OT mumutekano ntashyize ahagaragara PLC kuri enterineti?

Shyira mu bikorwa DMZ hamwe na diode yamakuru cyangwa amarembo yinzira imwe ituma amakuru ava muri OT yerekeza kuri IT mugihe wirinda kwinjira. Kohereza inkongi y'umuriro ku mbibi za IT / OT yagizwe na guhakana-politiki zose zisanzwe hamwe no kwemerera amategeko ya protocole akenewe (OPC UA, MQTT). Koresha gusimbuka seriveri cyangwa uburyo bwihariye bwo gucunga ibisubizo kugirango ugere kure kuri sisitemu ya OT, urebe ko amahuza yose yinjiye kandi akurikiranwa. Shyira mubikorwa imiyoboro itandukanya PLC muri VLAN zitandukanye hamwe na micro-segmentation hagati ya zone igenzura. Kohereza OT yihariye SIEM ibisubizo bikurikirana imyitwarire idasanzwe udakeneye umurongo wa interineti kugirango amakuru agezweho yubutasi.

Nigute napima computing yo kubungabunga no gukora imirimo ya AI?

Ingano yimibare ishingiye kumibare yamakuru ya sensor, ubunini bwikitegererezo, nibisabwa gutunganya igihe. Kuburyo bwibanze bwo guhanura (isesengura ryinyeganyeza, kugenzura ubushyuhe), koresha seriveri ya seriveri ifite cores 8-16 za CPU hamwe na RAM 32-64GB ishobora gutunganya ibyuma 1000+ ku gipimo cya 1Hz. Ibikorwa bitoroshye bya AI (icyerekezo cya mudasobwa, isesengura rya acoustic) bisaba kwihuta kwa GPU hamwe na 8-16GB VRAM kugirango ubone igihe nyacyo. Teganya gukura kwa 2-4x mumyaka 3-5 hanyuma ushiremo ububiko bwaho (1-10TB SSD) kubijyanye no kubika amakuru hamwe namakuru yimyitozo yicyitegererezo. Kohereza impande zirenze urugero kubikorwa byingenzi kandi urebe neza gukonjesha bihagije (mubisanzwe 5-10kW kuri rack) kumurimo uhoraho wo gutunganya AI.

Nigute impanga ya digitale ifasha kwemeza imikorere y'urusobe mbere yo kujya ahagaragara?

Impanga ya Digital ituma igeragezwa ryuzuye ryurusobe no gutezimbere bitabangamiye sisitemu nzima. Kora moderi yibintu bya rezo ya topologiya yawe, iboneza ryibikoresho, nuburyo bwimodoka ukoresheje imashini yihariye yinganda. Wigane ibintu bitandukanye byananiranye (gutsindwa kunanirwa, gukata insinga, ibitero bya cyber) kugirango wemeze uburyo bwo kugabanuka nuburyo bwo kugarura ibintu. Icyitegererezo giteganijwe amakuru aturuka kubikorwa byateganijwe IoT kugirango hamenyekane ibishobora kugabanuka cyangwa ibibazo byubukererwe. Koresha impanga za digitale kugirango ugerageze ibishushanyo mbonera bya TSN iboneza, politiki yumutekano, hamwe nubuziranenge bwa serivisi mbere yo gushyira mubikorwa imiyoboro ikora. Ubu buryo bugabanya ibyago byo kohereza kandi bigafasha guhuza ibipimo byurusobe kugirango bikore neza.