Reba: 2777 Umwanditsi: Muhinduzi wurubuga Gutangaza Igihe: 2023-09-27 Inkomoko: Urubuga
Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yubwoko butandukanye bwinsanganyamatsiko ningirakamaro mu nganda nyinshi, cyane cyane mubijyanye na pompe na sisitemu y'amazi. Muri iyi ngingo, tuzacukumbura akamaro nakamaro ko gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ryurudodo, tunatanga incamake muncamake yubwoko butatu bukunze gukoreshwa: BSPP, BSPT, na R na Rc.
Akamaro ko gusobanukirwa gutandukanya insanganyamatsiko iri muburyo buri bwoko bugira umwihariko wihariye nibikorwa. Guhitamo ubwoko bwurudodo butari bwo bishobora gutera kumeneka, kudakora neza, ndetse nibishobora guhungabanya umutekano. Mugusobanukirwa byimbitse kubwoko bwurudodo, abanyamwuga barashobora kwemeza kwishyiriraho neza, gukora neza, no kuramba kwa sisitemu zabo.
Ubwoko butatu bw'insanganyamatsiko tuzareba ni BSPP (Ubwongereza Buringaniza Umuyoboro Uhwanye), BSPT (Ubwongereza Bwitwa Pipe Tapered), na R na Rc (Ikirangantego cy'Abanyamerika b'Abanyamerika). Buri bwoko bugira ibiranga umwihariko wabwo, nk'inguni ya taper, uburyo bwo gufunga, hamwe no guhuza n'ibikoresho bitandukanye. Kumenyera gutandukana, turashobora gufata ibyemezo byuzuye mugihe duhitamo ubwoko bwurudodo rukwiye kubisabwa byihariye.
Waba uri umuyoboke, injeniyeri, cyangwa gusa umuntu ushishikajwe no kwiga byinshi kubijyanye na pompe na fluid, iyi ngingo izaguha ubushishozi bwingirakamaro kubijyanye nakamaro nakamaro ko gusobanukirwa gutandukanya insanganyamatsiko. Noneho, reka twibire kandi dushakishe isi ya BSPP, BSPT, na R na Rc.
Urudodo rwa BSPP, ruzwi kandi ku izina rya British Standard Pipe Parallel thread, ni ubwoko bwurudodo rukunze gukoreshwa mumazi na hydraulic. Nimwe murwego rwibipimo byinshi bikoreshwa kwisi yose, harimo BSPT (British Standard Pipe Taper), R umugozi, na Rc. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yubwoko bwinsanganyamatsiko ningirakamaro kugirango habeho guhuza neza no guhuza mubikorwa bitandukanye.
Urudodo rwa BSPP rugaragaza igishushanyo kibangikanye, aho insanganyamatsiko zingana kandi zikagenda zisa. Ibi bituma habaho guhuza gukomeye kandi kwizewe hagati yumugabo nigitsina gore. Urudodo rupimwa ukurikije umubare winsanganyamatsiko kuri santimetero, izwi nka TPI. Kubireba urudodo rwa BSPP, mubisanzwe rufite insanganyamatsiko 14 kuri santimetero.
Kimwe mu byiza byingenzi byurudodo rwa BSPP nuburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyiriraho. Igishushanyo mbonera cyemerera guterana mu buryo butaziguye, kuko ibice byigitsina gabo nigitsina gore bishobora guhurizwa hamwe gusa bidakenewe imbaraga zikabije. Ibi bituma ihitamo gukundwa mubikorwa aho bisabwa kenshi gusenya no guteranya, nko muri sisitemu ya hydraulic.
Urudodo rwa BSPP ruzwi kandi kumiterere yarwo idashobora kumeneka. Utudodo tubangikanye dukora kashe ifunze iyo ikoranye neza, igabanya ibyago byo kumeneka. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mubisabwa aho ihererekanyabubasha ryamazi cyangwa imyuka irimo, kuko nuduto duto dushobora gutera igihombo gikomeye cyangwa umutekano muke.
Iyo ugereranije nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPT, igaragaramo igishushanyo mbonera, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP itanga ibyiza bimwe. Igishushanyo mbonera cyurudodo rwa BSPP rutuma urujya n'uruza rwinshi rwamazi cyangwa gaze, kuko ntamahinduka ya diameter muburebure bwurudodo. Ibi birashobora kuba ingirakamaro mubisabwa aho hasabwa umuvuduko uhoraho, nko muri sisitemu yo kugenzura igitutu.
Usibye insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT, insanganyamatsiko R na Rc zikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bitandukanye. Urudodo R, ruzwi kandi nkurudodo rwa Whitworth, ni urudodo rusa na BSPP. Ariko, ifite ifishi itandukanye kandi isanzwe ikoreshwa mubisabwa aho hasabwa urwego rwo hejuru.
Kurundi ruhande, umugozi wa Rc, uzwi kandi nka taper parallel parallel, uhuza ibiranga byombi BSPP na BSPT. Ifite igishushanyo mbonera nka BSPT, ariko hamwe ninsanganyamatsiko ibangikanye nka BSPP. Ibi bituma bikenerwa mubisabwa aho byombi bifunze kashe kandi byoroshye kwishyiriraho.
Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi biranga BSPP ni igishushanyo mbonera cyacyo. Bitandukanye na BSPT, ifite urudodo rukora, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP iragororotse kandi irasa. Igishushanyo cyemerera guhuza gukomeye kandi umutekano hagati yimiyoboro nibikoresho. Iremeza kashe idasohoka kandi itanga ituze kandi yizewe mubikorwa bitandukanye.
Ikindi kintu cyingenzi kiranga BSPP nubunini bwacyo. Urudodo rwa BSPP rupimwa mubunini bwa pipine nominal (NPS), byerekana diameter y'imbere y'umuyoboro. Ingano yurudodo igenwa na diameter yinyuma yumuyoboro hamwe numwanya wurudodo. Ingano isanzwe ya BSPP irimo 1/8 ', 1/4 ', 3/8 ', 1/2 ', 3/4 ', 1 ', 1-1 / 4 ', 1-1 / 2 ', na 2 '. Izi ntera zikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu yo gukoresha amazi na hydraulic, bigatuma BSPP ihitamo byinshi mubikorwa bitandukanye.
Urudodo rwa BSPP narwo rufite uburyo bwihariye bwo gufunga. Bitandukanye nubundi bwoko bwinsanganyamatsiko zishingiye kuri kaseti cyangwa kashe kugirango ikore kashe, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP ikoresha igikarabiro cyangwa O-impeta. Iyi washe cyangwa O-impeta ishyirwa hagati yumugabo nigitsina gore, ikora kashe ifatanye mugihe ihuriro rikomeye. Ubu buryo bwo gufunga ibyemezo byizewe kandi bitarangiritse, bigatuma BSPP ibereye progaramu yumuvuduko mwinshi.
Usibye ibyo biranga, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP nayo izwiho guhuza nubundi bwoko bwinsanganyamatsiko. Mugihe insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT ifite ibishushanyo bitandukanye, birashobora guhuzwa ukoresheje adapt. Ibi bituma habaho guhinduka mumazi ya hydraulic na hydraulic, kuko ubwoko butandukanye bwinsanganyamatsiko burashobora gukoreshwa hamwe bitabangamiye ubusugire bwihuza.
Mugihe cyo guhitamo hagati ya BSPP, BSPT, na R na Rc, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibisabwa byihariye bya porogaramu. Urudodo rwa BSPP rusanzwe rukoreshwa mubisabwa aho guhuza umutekano kandi bidasohoka ari ngombwa. Birakwiriye kuri sisitemu yumuvuduko mwinshi kandi bitanga umutekano no kwizerwa mubikorwa bitandukanye.
Urudodo rwa BSPP ni igishushanyo kibangikanye, bivuze ko diameter yumurongo iguma ihoraho muburebure. Ibi byoroshe guteranya no gusenya ibice ukoresheje ibikoresho bya BSPP. Inguni y'urudodo ni dogere 55, itanga umutekano kandi utemba. Ibipimo byurudodo rwa BSPP birasanzwe, byemeza guhuza no guhinduranya ibice.
Iyo ugereranije insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP nu murongo wa BSPT, itandukaniro nyamukuru riri muri taper. Urudodo rwa BSPT rufite taper ya 1:16, bivuze ko diameter igabanuka buhoro buhoro uburebure bwurudodo. Iyi taper yemerera kashe ikarishye, bigatuma insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT ikwiranye na progaramu aho guhuza-kutamenyekana ari ngombwa. Nyamara, urudodo rwa BSPT rusaba gukoresha ikidodo cyangwa kashe ya kashe kugirango tumenye neza.
Kurundi ruhande, urudodo rwa BSPP ntirufite taper kandi rushingiye kubishushanyo mbonera byo gufunga. Ibi byoroshe gushiraho no gukuraho ibice bidakenewe kashe yinyongera. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko urudodo rwa BSPP rudashobora gutanga urukuta rwa kashe nkurudodo rwa BSPT mubisabwa bimwe.
Ikindi gishushanyo mbonera cyo gusuzuma ni R na Rc. Urudodo R ruvuga 'Rough ' naho Rc igereranya 'Rough with clearance '. Izi nsanganyamatsiko zikoreshwa cyane cyane muri Amerika kandi ntizisanzwe ziboneka mubindi bice byisi. Ibipimo byurudodo R na Rc biratandukanye nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT, bigatuma bidahuye.
Mu nganda za hydraulic, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP ihitamo kubera ubushobozi bwayo bwo guhangana n’umuvuduko mwinshi no guhangana n’ibihe bikabije. Bikunze gukoreshwa muri pompe hydraulic, silinderi, valve, nibindi bice. Igishushanyo mbonera cyurudodo rwemeza kashe ikomeye, irinda gutemba cyangwa gutakaza umuvuduko. Ibi bituma ihitamo neza kubisabwa bisaba sisitemu yizewe kandi ikora neza.
Ubundi buryo bwo gukoresha aho BSPP ikoreshwa cyane ni muri sisitemu ya pneumatike. Sisitemu ya pneumatike yishingikiriza ku mwuka cyangwa gazi isunitswe kugirango ikoreshe ibikoresho nibikoresho bitandukanye. Urudodo rwa BSPP ruboneka kenshi mubikoresho bya pneumatike, umuhuza, hamwe na valve, byemeza guhuza umutekano mukwirakwiza ikirere cyangwa gaze. Igishushanyo mbonera cyacyo cyemerera kwishyiriraho no kuyikuramo byoroshye, bigatuma byoroha kubungabunga no gusana.
Urudodo rwa BSPP narwo rukoreshwa cyane munganda zamazi. Bikunze kuboneka mumashanyarazi, imiyoboro, hamwe nibikoresho. Igishushanyo kibangikanye cyurudodo cyemerera kashe ifunze, irinda gutemba cyangwa guta amazi. Ibi bituma bikenerwa haba mumazu yo guturamo nubucuruzi. Byaba ari uguhuza imiyoboro, gushiraho robine, cyangwa gusana sisitemu y'amazi, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP itanga igisubizo cyizewe kandi cyiza.
Usibye gukoreshwa muri sisitemu ya hydraulic, pneumatic, na plumbing, umugozi wa BSPP ukoreshwa no mu zindi nganda zitandukanye nk'imodoka, inganda, n'ubuhinzi. Bikunze kuboneka muri sisitemu ya lisansi, sisitemu yo gusiga, hamwe na sisitemu yo kuhira. Guhinduranya kwayo no guhuza bituma ihitamo gukundwa kubikorwa byinshi bitandukanye.
Imwe mu ngingo zingenzi ugomba gusuzuma mugihe ukoresheje urudodo rwa BSPP nuburyo bwo gushiraho ikimenyetso. Urudodo rwa BSPP rushingira kumikoreshereze yo gukaraba cyangwa O-impeta kugirango ushireho kashe ikomeye. Ubu buryo bwo gufunga ibyemezo byerekana ko ihuriro rikomeza kumeneka, nubwo haba hari umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa ubushyuhe. Gukoresha igikarabiro cyangwa O-impeta nayo itanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kuyishyiraho no kuyitaho, kuko kashe ishobora gusimburwa byoroshye nibiba ngombwa.
Indi ngingo y'ingenzi igomba kumenya ku nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP ni uguhuza nubundi bwoko bwinsanganyamatsiko. Mugihe insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP iringaniye, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT irafashwe. Itandukaniro mubishushanyo bisobanura ko insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT zidashobora guhinduka. Ariko, adapteri hamwe nibikoresho birahari kugirango uhuze ubu bwoko bubiri bwinsanganyamatsiko. Ni ngombwa kwemeza neza guhuza insanganyamatsiko zikoreshwa kugirango wirinde gutemba cyangwa kunanirwa guhuza.
Usibye uburyo bwo gushiraho ikimenyetso no guhuza, ingano nubunini bwinsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP nabyo ni ibitekerezo byingenzi. Urudodo rwa BSPP rwapimwe muri santimetero kandi rufite umubare wihariye wurudodo kuri santimetero. Sisitemu yo gupima isanzwe yemeza ko insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP ishobora kumenyekana byoroshye kandi igahuzwa nibikoresho bihuza. Ni ngombwa gupima neza ingano yumurongo hamwe nigitereko kugirango umenye neza kandi ushireho kashe.
Urudodo rwa BSPP rusanzwe rukoreshwa mu nganda zitandukanye, zirimo sisitemu ya hydraulic, sisitemu ya pneumatike, hamwe nogukoresha amazi. Uburyo bwabo bwizewe bwo gufunga no guhuza nubundi bwoko bwurudodo bituma bahitamo gukundwa no kohereza amazi hamwe nintego zo guhuza. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP idashobora kuba ibereye mubisabwa byose. Ibintu nkumuvuduko, ubushyuhe, nubwoko bwamazi yimurwa bigomba kwitabwaho muguhitamo ubwoko bwurudodo rukwiye.
Kimwe mu byiza byingenzi byurudodo rwa BSPP nuburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyiriraho. Igishushanyo mbonera cyurudodo rwemerera guhuza byoroshye kandi byoroshye hagati yumugabo nigitsina gore. Ibi bituma byoroha kubanyamwuga hamwe nabakunzi ba DIY guteranya no gusenya ibice nta mbaraga nyinshi. Byongeye kandi, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP ntisaba ibikoresho byihariye cyangwa kashe yo gushiraho, kurushaho koroshya inzira.
Iyindi nyungu yumurongo wa BSPP nuguhuza hamwe nibikoresho byinshi. Yaba umuringa, ibyuma bidafite ingese, cyangwa plastike, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP irashobora gukoreshwa hamwe nibikoresho bitandukanye bitabangamiye ubusugire bwihuza. Iyi mpinduramatwara ituma ihitamo gukundwa mubikorwa bitandukanye no gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye.
Kubyerekeranye no gufunga, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP itanga ihuza ryizewe kandi ridasohoka. Igishushanyo mbonera cyurudodo rwemeza kashe hagati yigitsina gabo nigitsina gore, ikarinda gutemba kwamazi cyangwa imyuka. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane muri sisitemu aho kubika amazi cyangwa gaze ari ngombwa kugirango imikorere myiza yibikoresho. Ikirangantego cyizewe gitangwa nu murongo wa BSPP gifasha kugumana imikorere ya sisitemu kandi ikarinda ibyangiritse cyangwa igihombo.
Ariko, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP nayo ifite ibibi byayo. Imwe mu mbogamizi nyamukuru ni ukubura taper. Bitandukanye nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPT, ifite taper yemerera kashe kurushaho, umugozi wa BSPP ushingiye gusa kubishushanyo mbonera. Ibi birashobora kuvamo guhuza umutekano muke, cyane cyane mubisabwa aho umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa kunyeganyega birimo. Mubihe nkibi, urudodo rwa BSPT rushobora kuba amahitamo akwiye kuko atanga ubushobozi bwiza bwo gufunga.
Indi mbogamizi yumutwe wa BSPP ni ukuboneka kwayo mukarere runaka. Nubwo ikoreshwa cyane mu Bwongereza no mu Burayi, irashobora kuba gake cyane mu bindi bice by'isi. Ibi birashobora guteza ibibazo inganda zishingiye ku bwoko bwurudodo rusanzwe kandi birashobora gusaba imbaraga cyangwa ibikoresho byongera isoko ya BSPP.
Imwe muntandukanyirizo nyamukuru hagati ya BSPT nubundi buryo bwurwego nuburyo bwo gufunga. Urudodo rwa BSPT rushingira kumikoreshereze yikomatanya, nkurudodo rwumudodo cyangwa kaseti ya PTFE, kugirango ushireho kashe idashobora kumeneka. Ibi ni ukubera ko igishushanyo mbonera cyinsanganyamatsiko cyonyine kidahagije kugirango wirinde kumeneka. Ikidodo gifunga icyuho cyuzuza icyuho kiri hagati yinyuzi, cyemeza guhuza amazi.
BSPT insanganyamatsiko zikoreshwa mubisanzwe aho bisabwa kashe yizewe kandi iramba. Bakunze kuboneka muri sisitemu yo gukoresha amazi, sisitemu ya hydraulic, hamwe na sisitemu yo guhumeka ikirere. Igishushanyo mbonera cyinsanganyamatsiko cyemerera kwishyiriraho no kuyikuramo byoroshye, bigatuma byoroha kubungabunga no gusana.
Ikindi kintu cyingenzi ugomba gusuzuma mugihe ugereranije BSPT nizindi ngingo zingero nubunini bwurudodo. Utudodo twa BSPT dupimwa mubunini bw'izina, bivuga diameter y'imbere y'umuyoboro. Ingano yumutwe igaragazwa numubare, nka 1/8 ', 1/4 ', 3/8 ', nibindi. Ni ngombwa guhitamo ingano yukuri kugirango tumenye neza kandi ushireho kashe.
Usibye uburyo bwo gufunga hamwe nubunini bwurudodo, birakwiye kandi kumenya ko insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT ifite inguni itandukanye ugereranije nizindi ngingo ngenderwaho. BSPT insanganyamatsiko zifite dogere 55 zirimo inguni, mugihe izindi ngingo, nka NPT (National Pipe Taper), zifite dogere 60 zirimo inguni. Ibi bivuze ko insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT idahuye nibindi bipimo byinsanganyamatsiko kandi ntibishobora guhinduka.
Iyo ukorana nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPT, ni ngombwa gukoresha ibikoresho nubuhanga bukwiye kugirango ushireho neza. Urudodo rugomba kuba rufite isuku kandi rutarangwamo imyanda cyangwa ibyangiritse. Ikidodo gifatika kigomba gukoreshwa neza kandi muburyo bwiza kugirango wirinde kumeneka. Ni ngombwa kandi kwirinda gukomera cyane ku nsanganyamatsiko, kuko ibyo bishobora guteza ibyangiritse no kubangamira kashe.
Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi biranga insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT ni ugukoresha ikidodo. Bitandukanye nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP, ishingiye ku gishushanyo mbonera kibangikanye, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT isaba gukoresha ikomatanyirizo rya kashe kugira ngo habeho guhuza ubusa. Uru ruganda rusanzwe rushyirwa kumutwe wumugabo mbere yo kuwuhuza nu mugozi wumugore. Urusobekerane rwuzuza icyuho cyose kiri hagati yumutwe, rukora kashe ifunze ibuza amazi cyangwa gaze guhunga.
Ikindi kintu cyingenzi kiranga insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT ni uguhuza nubundi bwoko bwinsanganyamatsiko. Mugihe insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP irasa kandi ntishobora guhindurwa nubundi bwoko bwurudodo, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT irashobora gukoreshwa hamwe na BSPP na NPT (National Pipe Taper). Ubu buryo butandukanye butuma insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT ihitamo cyane mu nganda aho ubwoko butandukanye bwinsanganyamatsiko bushobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye.
Usibye guhuza kwabo, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT nayo itanga inyungu mubijyanye nimbaraga nigihe kirekire. Igishushanyo mbonera cyibisobanuro byemerera umwanya munini wo guhuza hagati yumugabo nigitsina gore, bikavamo guhuza gukomeye. Ibi bituma insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT ibereye umuvuduko ukabije wa progaramu, aho ihuza ryizewe kandi ryizewe ni ngombwa. Byongeye kandi, igishushanyo cya taper nacyo gifasha gukwirakwiza imihangayiko iringaniye kumutwe, kugabanya amahirwe yo kwangirika cyangwa gutsindwa.
Mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT isaba kwitondera neza birambuye. Inguni ya taper yerekana ko igomba guhambirizwa kumurongo wihariye kugirango tumenye neza kashe. Kurenza urugero birashobora gutuma umuntu yangirika cyangwa akavunika, mugihe kutagabanuka bishobora kuvamo guhuza. Ni ngombwa gukoresha ibikoresho nubuhanga bukwiye mugihe ushyiraho insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT kugirango umenye neza kandi urambe.
Imwe muntandukanyirizo zingenzi hagati ya BSPT nubundi bwoko bwinsanganyamatsiko, nka BSPP (British Standard Pipe Parallel) hamwe nu R na Rc, ni inguni ya taper. Urudodo rwa BSPT rufite inguni ya taper ya 1 kuri 16, bivuze ko kuri buri bice 16 byuburebure, diameter yumurongo igabanuka nigice 1. Inguni ya taper itanga uburyo bworoshye kandi butagaragara-mugihe imigozi yumugabo nigitsina gore ifatanye hamwe.
Kubireba ibipimo, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT igaragazwa nubunini bwizina ryayo, bivuga diameter y'imbere y'umuyoboro cyangwa bikwiye ikoreshwa hamwe. Kurugero, 1/2 santimetero ya BSPT ifite diameter y'imbere ya santimetero 0.5. Diameter yo hanze yinyuzi ya BSPT iratandukanye bitewe nubunini hamwe nigitereko cyurudodo.
Urudodo rwa BSPT narwo rutandukanijwe nurudodo rwarwo, rwerekeza ku ntera iri hagati yinyuzi zegeranye. Ikibanza cyurudodo rwa BSPT gipimirwa mumutwe kuri santimetero (TPI) cyangwa urudodo kuri milimetero (TPM). Kurugero, 1/2 santimetero ya BSPT irashobora kugira ikibanza cya 14 TPI, bivuze ko hari insinga 14 kuri santimetero.
Muguhitamo insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT kubisabwa byihariye, ni ngombwa gusuzuma guhuza urudodo n'umuyoboro cyangwa guhuza bizakoreshwa hamwe. Ni ngombwa kandi kwemeza ko urudodo rufunze neza kugirango wirinde kumeneka. Ibi birashobora kugerwaho ukoresheje kashe ya kashe cyangwa kaseti kumutwe wumugabo mbere yo kuyihuza nu mugozi wumugore.
Urudodo rwa BSPT (British Standard Pipe Taper) rukoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye bitewe nuburyo butandukanye bwo gusaba. Ubu bwoko bwurudodo ruboneka muri sisitemu yo gukoresha amazi, ibikoresho bya hydraulic, hamwe na pneumatike. Imwe mu nyungu zingenzi zurudodo rwa BSPT nubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora kashe-yamenetse, bigatuma ikenerwa mubisabwa bisaba urwego rwo hejuru rwamazi cyangwa gaze.
Muri sisitemu yo gukoresha amazi, urudodo rwa BSPT rusanzwe rukoreshwa muguhuza imiyoboro nibikoresho. Itanga umutekano wizewe kandi wizewe ushobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi nubushyuhe. Igishushanyo mbonera cyurudodo cyemerera guhuza neza, birinda gutemba cyangwa gutemba kwamazi. Ibi bituma ihitamo neza mubisabwa nka sisitemu yo gutanga amazi, sisitemu yo gushyushya, hamwe na gaz.
Ibikoresho bya Hydraulic nabyo byungukirwa no gukoresha insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT. Ibi bikoresho bikoreshwa muguhuza ibice bitandukanye muri sisitemu ya hydraulic, nka pompe, valve, na silinderi. Urudodo rwa BSPT rutanga umurongo uhamye kandi utekanye, urinda igihombo cyose cyamazi ya hydraulic. Ibi nibyingenzi mugukomeza gukora neza no gukora sisitemu ya hydraulic, kuko niyo yatemba gato bishobora gutuma igabanuka ryumuvuduko nigikorwa cya sisitemu muri rusange.
Guhuza pneumatike, bikubiyemo gukoresha umwuka cyangwa gaze byugarije, nabyo bishingira kumutwe wa BSPT kugirango bikore neza. Igishushanyo cya taper cyemerera kashe ifunze, yemeza ko nta mwuka cyangwa gaze biva muri sisitemu. Ibi nibyingenzi mukugumana umuvuduko ukenewe kubikoresho bya pneumatike nibikoresho kugirango bikore neza. Haba mubikorwa byinganda cyangwa mubucuruzi bwimodoka, urudodo rwa BSPT rukoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu ya pneumatike kugirango ikore neza kandi neza.
Usibye ikoreshwa ryarwo, ni ngombwa kumva itandukaniro ryingenzi riri hagati yumurongo wa BSPT nizindi nsanganyamatsiko zikoreshwa cyane, nka BSPP (British Standard Pipe Parallel) na R na Rc. Mugihe izi nyuzi zose zikoreshwa mubisanzwe muri pompe na hydraulic sisitemu, zifite imiterere yihariye ituma bikenerwa mubikorwa bitandukanye.
Urudodo rwa BSPT, nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, rufite igishushanyo mbonera, bivuze ko diameter yumurongo igabanuka muburebure bwayo. Iyi taper yemerera guhuza neza hamwe na kashe yamenetse. Kurundi ruhande, urudodo rwa BSPP rufite igishushanyo mbonera, aho diameter yumurongo iguma ihoraho muburebure bwayo. Ibi byoroshe guteranya no gusenya ibikoresho, ariko ntibishobora gutanga urwego rumwe rwo gufunga nkurudodo rwa BSPT.
Urudodo R na Rc, rusanzwe rukoreshwa muguhuza imiyoboro muri Amerika, rufite igishushanyo gitandukanye ugereranije nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPT na BSPP. Urudodo R ni urudodo rugororotse, mugihe urudodo rwa Rc numutwe. Izi nsanganyamatsiko ntizishobora guhinduranya nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPT cyangwa BSPP, kuko zifite inguni zingana. Nibyingenzi gukoresha ubwoko bwurudodo rwukuri kubisabwa kugirango umenye neza imikorere.
Uburyo bwo gufunga ingingo ningingo zingenzi za BSPT:
Mugihe cyo gusobanukirwa gutandukanya imirongo ya BSPP, BSPT, na R na Rc, ni ngombwa gucengera muburyo bwo gufunga ingingo ningingo zingenzi zurudodo rwa BSPT. BSPT, izwi kandi ku izina rya British Standard Pipe Taper, ni ubwoko bukoreshwa cyane mu miyoboro no kuvoma. Uburyo bwacyo bwo gufunga bushingiye kumutwe wurudodo, rutuma kashe ifatika mugihe umugozi wumugabo numugore uhujwe hamwe.
Imwe mu ngingo zingenzi ugomba gusuzuma hamwe nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPT ni inguni ya taper. Inguni y'urudodo kuri BSPT ni dogere 55, itandukanye nu mpande zingana zingana na BSPP. Inguni ya taper igira uruhare runini mugukora kashe yizewe hagati yumugabo numugore. Iremeza ko insinga zihurira hamwe, bikarinda gutemba cyangwa gutemba kwamazi cyangwa gaze.
Ikindi kintu cyingenzi cyinsanganyamatsiko ya BSPT nugukoresha ibikoresho bifunga kashe. Kugirango ugere ku kashe ifatika, birasanzwe gushyiramo kashe cyangwa kaseti kumutwe mbere yo kubihuza. Uru ruganda cyangwa kaseti byuzuza icyuho kiri hagati yinsanganyamatsiko, byongera ibimenyetso bifunga ihuza. Nibyingenzi guhitamo ibikoresho bifatika bifatika ukurikije porogaramu yihariye hamwe namazi cyangwa imyuka itwarwa muri sisitemu.
Byongeye kandi, ingingo zingenzi zingingo za BSPT zirimo gukoresha igikarabiro cyangwa gasike. Iyi washe cyangwa gasike ishyirwa hagati yumugabo nigitsina gore kugirango itange urwego rwinyongera rwo kurinda kashe. Ifasha gukora kashe yizewe kandi yizewe, cyane cyane mubisabwa aho umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa ubushyuhe burimo. Guhitamo ibikoresho byo kumesa cyangwa ibikoresho bya gaze bigomba gushingira ku guhuza amazi cyangwa imyuka itangwa.
Byongeye kandi, birakwiye ko tumenya ko insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT ikoreshwa mubisabwa aho hasabwa kashe y’amazi. Ibi bituma babera sisitemu yo gukoresha amazi, imirongo itanga amazi, nibindi bikorwa bijyanye no gutwara amazi. Igishushanyo mbonera cyibisobanuro byerekana kashe ifunze, bigabanya ibyago byo kumeneka no kwemeza ubusugire bwa sisitemu.
BSPT (British Standard Pipe Taper) insanganyamatsiko zikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bitandukanye kubera ibyiza byihariye. Imwe mu nyungu zingenzi zurudodo rwa BSPT nubushobozi bwabo bwo gushiraho kashe ifatanye, bigatuma iba nziza kubisabwa aho kwirinda kumeneka ari ngombwa. Ibi bigerwaho hifashishijwe igishushanyo mbonera cyinsanganyamatsiko, itanga igikorwa cyo gushyingiranwa mugihe gikomye, bikavamo guhuza kwizerwa kandi kutarimo ubusa.
Iyindi nyungu yinyandiko za BSPT nuguhuza hamwe nibikoresho byinshi. Izi nyuzi zirashobora gukoreshwa hamwe nubwoko butandukanye bwimiyoboro hamwe nibikoresho, harimo nibyakozwe mubyuma, plastike, ndetse na reberi. Ubu buryo butandukanye butuma insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT ihitamo cyane mu nganda nka pompe, amamodoka, ninganda.
Usibye guhuza kwabo, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT nayo itanga imbaraga nziza zo kunyeganyega. Igishushanyo mbonera cyibisobanuro bifasha gukurura no kugabanya kunyeganyega, kwemeza guhuza umutekano kandi bihamye ndetse no mubidukikije bihindagurika. Ibi bituma insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT ikwiranye na porogaramu aho imashini cyangwa ibikoresho bikorerwa kugenda cyangwa ingaruka.
Nubwo bafite inyungu, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT ifite aho igarukira. Imwe mu mbogamizi nyamukuru ni ukubura guhinduranya hamwe nubundi bwoko bwinsanganyamatsiko. Urudodo rwa BSPT ntirushobora guhuzwa nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP (British Standard Pipe Parallel), ifite urudodo rutandukanye. Ibi bivuze ko fitingi ifite insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT idashobora guhuzwa neza nabafite insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP, bisaba gukoresha adaptate cyangwa ibikoresho byo guhindura.
Indi mbogamizi yinsanganyamatsiko ya BSPT nintege nke zabo zo kwangirika mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho. Igishushanyo mbonera cyibisobanuro birashobora gutuma barushaho guhuza imirongo cyangwa kwiyambura niba bidahuye neza mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho. Ni ngombwa gukoresha ibikoresho nubuhanga bukwiye mugihe ukorana nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPT kugirango wirinde ibyangiritse cyangwa guhungabanya ubusugire bwihuza.
Urudodo R na Rc nubwoko bubiri busanzwe bwinsanganyamatsiko zikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye. Izi nsanganyamatsiko zikunze kugereranwa nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT kubera ibisa nayo. Ariko, hari itandukaniro ryibanze hagati ya R na Rc nubundi bwoko bubiri.
Urudodo R, ruzwi kandi nkurudodo rwumuyoboro, rukoreshwa cyane mumazi ya hydraulic. Izi nsanganyamatsiko zifite icyuma cya 1:16, bivuze ko diameter yumurongo igabanuka nigice 1 kuri buri bice 16 byuburebure. Kaseti ifasha mukurema kashe ifatanye hagati yumugabo nigitsina gore, ikemeza ko nta sano ihari. Urudodo R rusanzwe rukoreshwa mubisabwa aho gukomera kwingutu ari ngombwa, nkumuyoboro wa gaze na sisitemu ya hydraulic yumuvuduko mwinshi.
Kurundi ruhande, insanganyamatsiko ya Rc ninsanganyamatsiko ibangikanye ikoreshwa mubuyapani. Izi nsanganyamatsiko zifite imiterere isa, bivuze ko diameter ikomeza guhoraho muburebure bwurudodo. Urudodo rwa Rc rukoreshwa cyane mu nganda nk'imodoka, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, n'imashini. Bazwiho ubworoherane bwo kwishyiriraho no kuyikuraho, bigatuma ikoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba gusenywa kenshi.
Iyo ugereranije insanganyamatsiko R na Rc nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT, kimwe mubitandukaniro nyamukuru kiri muburyo bwo gushiraho ikimenyetso. Urudodo R na Rc rushingira kumikoreshereze yikomatanyirizo cyangwa kaseti kugirango hamenyekane guhuza ubusa. Ibi bitandukanye nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT, zifite uburyo bwo gushiraho ikimenyetso cyubatswe mubishushanyo mbonera. Urudodo rwa BSPP rufite impeta ifunga kashe ifunze, mugihe insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT yishingikiriza kumikoreshereze yikimenyetso.
Irindi tandukaniro nuburyo bwurudodo. Urudodo R na Rc rufite ishusho ya silindrike, bivuze ko insinga zaciwe neza mubintu. Ibi bitandukanye nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT, zifite ishusho ifunze. Imiterere ifunze ya BSPP na BSPT itanga kashe ikaze, cyane cyane mubikorwa byumuvuduko mwinshi.
Kubijyanye no guhuza, insanganyamatsiko R na Rc ntabwo zishobora guhinduka hamwe na BSPP na BSPT. Ibipimo byurudodo nibibanza biratandukanye, bivuze ko umugozi R cyangwa Rc wumugabo udashobora guhuzwa numugore BSPP cyangwa BSPT. Ni ngombwa kwemeza ko ubwoko bwurudodo bukwiye bukoreshwa kugirango wirinde ibibazo byose bihuza.
Urudodo R na Rc nuburyo bubiri bukoreshwa muburyo bwamazi yo kuvoma no kuvoma. Nubwo bisa nkaho, hari itandukaniro ritandukanye hagati yibi bikwiye gusobanuka.
Imwe muntandukanyirizo nyamukuru hagati yumurongo wa R na Rc iri muburyo bwabo bwo gufunga. Urudodo R rwashizweho kugirango rukore kashe ukoresheje urudodo rubangikanye, mugihe insanganyamatsiko ya Rc ikoresha umugozi wapanze kugirango ugere kashe ikomeye. Ibi bivuze ko insanganyamatsiko ya R ikwiranye cyane na porogaramu aho bidakenewe guhuza ingingo, nka sisitemu yo gukuramo amazi make. Kurundi ruhande, insanganyamatsiko ya Rc nibyiza kubikorwa byumuvuduko mwinshi aho kashe idashobora kumeneka ni ngombwa.
Irindi tandukaniro hagati ya R na Rc nu mwirondoro wabo. Urudodo R rufite umwirondoro uzengurutse, wemerera gusezerana neza no gutandukana kumutwe. Ibi biborohereza guteranya no gusenya ugereranije nu nsanganyamatsiko ya Rc. Ku rundi ruhande, insanganyamatsiko ya Rc, ifite umwirondoro wafashwe, utanga uburyo bwiza kandi bwiza bwo gufunga. Ibi bituma barushaho gukoreshwa mubisabwa aho bikenewe umutekano kandi utemba.
Kubireba insanganyamatsiko, R na Rc insanganyamatsiko zikurikiza ibipimo bitandukanye. Urudodo R rwerekanwe nu Bwongereza Bwiza Buringaniza Buringaniza (BSPP), mugihe insanganyamatsiko ya Rc igaragazwa nu Bwongereza bwa Standard Pipe Taper (BSPT). Igipimo cya BSPP gikoreshwa mubisabwa aho bidakenewe guhuza ingingo, mugihe BSPT isanzwe ikoreshwa mubisabwa aho bikenewe guhuza igitutu. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko mugihe insanganyamatsiko R na Rc zifite ibipimo byazo, ntabwo zishobora guhinduka kandi ntizigomba gukoreshwa hamwe mubisabwa bimwe.
Iyo bigeze ku guhuza, insanganyamatsiko R na Rc ntizishobora guhuzwa nizindi bitewe numwirondoro wabo utandukanye hamwe nuburyo bwo gufunga. Nibyingenzi kwemeza ko ubwoko bwurudodo bukwiye bukoreshwa mubisabwa kugirango wirinde kumeneka cyangwa ibindi bibazo. Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibikoresho by'imiyoboro n'ibikoresho bikoreshwa bifatanije nu mugozi wa R na Rc kugirango habeho guhuza no gukumira ruswa cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kwangirika.
Mw'isi yo kuvoma no guhuza imiyoboro, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ubwoko butandukanye bwinsanganyamatsiko ziboneka. Imwe mumurongo winyuzi ni R na Rc. Nubwo zishobora kumvikana, hariho itandukaniro ritandukanye hagati yabo nizindi nsanganyamatsiko zikoreshwa nka BSPP na BSPT. Gusobanukirwa na progaramu ya progaramu ya R na Rc irashobora gufasha abanyamwuga gufata ibyemezo byuzuye mugihe cyo guhitamo ubwoko bwiza bwurudodo kubyo bakeneye byihariye.
Urudodo R na Rc rukoreshwa cyane cyane mubwongereza nu Burayi, mugihe insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT ikunze kuboneka muri Amerika. Itandukaniro nyamukuru hagati yinsanganyamatsiko ya R na Rc iri muburyo bwo gufunga. Urudodo R rufite uburyo bubangikanye kandi rushingira kuri O-impeta cyangwa gasketi kugirango ushireho kashe, mugihe insanganyamatsiko ya Rc ifite feri ya taper hanyuma igakora kashe mugukomeza guhuza hejuru yubusabane.
Iyo bigeze kuri progaramu ya progaramu, imirongo ya R ikoreshwa kenshi mugihe aho kwizerwa kwizerwa kandi kutagira akamaro ari ngombwa. O-impeta cyangwa gasike itanga kashe itekanye, bigatuma insanganyamatsiko R ikwiranye na progaramu zirimo umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa amazi yangirika. Izi nsanganyamatsiko zikunze kuboneka muri sisitemu ya hydraulic, imirongo ya lisansi, hamwe na pneumatike.
Kurundi ruhande, insanganyamatsiko ya Rc ikoreshwa mubisabwa aho hasabwa kashe ikomeye ariko igitutu ntikiri hejuru. Ifishi ya taper yimitwe ya Rc yemerera guhuza gukomeye bidakenewe kashe yinyongera. Ibi bituma insanganyamatsiko ya Rc ikwiranye nibisabwa nk'imiyoboro y'amazi, compressor zo mu kirere, hamwe n'amazi rusange.
Usibye uburyo bwabo bwo gufunga, irindi tandukaniro riri hagati yumurongo wa R na Rc na BSPP na BSPT nu murongo. Urudodo R na Rc rufite ingero ya dogere 55, mugihe BSPP na BSPT zifite ingero ya dogere 60. Ibi bivuze ko insanganyamatsiko R na Rc zidashobora guhindurwa nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT, nkuko impande zinyuranye zitandukanye.
Mugihe uhisemo hagati ya R na Rc nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibisabwa byihariye bya porogaramu. Ibintu nkumuvuduko, ubwoko bwamazi, nibidukikije bigomba kwitabwaho. Kugisha inama numunyamwuga ubizi cyangwa kuvuga amahame yinganda birashobora gufasha kwemeza ubwoko bwurudodo rwukuri rwatoranijwe.
Ku bijyanye no gufunga uburyo hamwe nibyiza, insanganyamatsiko R na Rc zitanga ibintu byihariye bibatandukanya nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT. Urudodo R na Rc rukoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bitandukanye, harimo amazi, sisitemu ya hydraulic, hamwe na pneumatike. Izi nsanganyamatsiko zitanga uburyo bwizewe bwo gushiraho ikimenyetso cyemeza guhuza ubusa, bigatuma bikundwa cyane mubikorwa bimwe.
Imwe mungirakamaro zingenzi zurudodo rwa R na Rc nigishushanyo mbonera cyazo, cyemerera kashe ikomeye kandi itekanye. Bitandukanye na BSPP na BSPT, bifite igishushanyo kibangikanye, insanganyamatsiko R na Rc zifite inguni ya dogere 30. Inguni ya taper ituma insanganyamatsiko zogukora igikorwa mugihe cyo gufunga, gufunga neza guhuza no gukumira ikintu cyose gisohoka. Igishushanyo cya taper nacyo cyemerera guterana no gusenya byoroshye, bigatuma insanganyamatsiko R na Rc zorohereza kubungabunga no gusana.
Iyindi nyungu ya R na Rc nu guhuza nibikoresho bitandukanye byo gufunga. Izi nsanganyamatsiko zirashobora gukoreshwa hamwe nibikoresho byinshi bifunga kashe, nka O-impeta, gaseke, hamwe na kashe ya kashe. Ubu buryo butandukanye butuma habaho guhinduka muguhitamo ibikoresho bifatika bifatika bifatika. Byongeye kandi, insanganyamatsiko ya R na Rc irashobora kwakira igipimo cyinshi cyumuvuduko ugereranije nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT, bigatuma ikoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gufunga.
Kubijyanye na porogaramu, insanganyamatsiko R na Rc zikoreshwa muri sisitemu ya hydraulic. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'izi nsanganyamatsiko zitanga kashe yizewe, kabone niyo haba hari umuvuduko mwinshi. Ibi bituma insanganyamatsiko ya R na Rc nziza kubikorwa bya hydraulic aho kumeneka bishobora kuvamo sisitemu kunanirwa cyangwa kugabanya imikorere. Byongeye kandi, guhuza nibikoresho bitandukanye bifunga kashe bituma insinga za R na Rc zihuza namazi atandukanye ya hydraulic, bikarushaho kongera ubushobozi bwa sisitemu ya hydraulic.
Urudodo R na Rc narwo rukoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bya pneumatike. Ikidodo gifatika gitangwa nizi nyuzi kirinda umwuka uwo ari wo wose gutemba, bigatuma imikorere ya pneumatike ikora neza. Igishushanyo mbonera cya R na Rc cyemerera guhuza umutekano ushobora kwihanganira itandukaniro ryumuvuduko ukunze kugaragara muri sisitemu yumubiri. Uku kwizerwa ningirakamaro mugukomeza imikorere ihamye no gukumira igihombo icyo aricyo cyose cyumuvuduko, gishobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere rusange ya sisitemu.
Urudodo rwa BSPP, BSPT, R, na Rc rusanzwe rukoreshwa mu nganda zikoresha amazi no kuvoma. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yubwoko bwinsanganyamatsiko ningirakamaro kugirango habeho guhuza neza no kwirinda kumeneka.
BSPP, igereranya Ubwongereza Bwuzuye Umuyoboro Uhwanye, ni ubwoko bwurudodo rufite imiterere ihwanye. Bikunze gukoreshwa mu Burayi no muri Aziya kandi bizwiho kuba bifunze kashe kandi birwanya umuvuduko mwinshi. Urudodo rwa BSPP rufite ingero ya dogere 55 kandi ipimwa muri milimetero. Bakunze gukoreshwa mubisabwa aho hasabwa kashe ikomeye, nka sisitemu ya hydraulic na pneumatike.
Kurundi ruhande, BSPT, igereranya Ubwongereza Bwitwa Pipe Tapered, ifite ifishi yumutwe. Bitandukanye nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT ifite ingero ya dogere 60 kandi ipimwa muri santimetero. Ubu bwoko bwinsanganyamatsiko bukoreshwa muri Amerika na Kanada. Urudodo rwa BSPT rukora kashe ifatanye muguhuza imigozi hamwe, bigatuma bikenerwa mubisabwa aho guhuza bitarimo kumeneka ari ngombwa, nka gaze numurongo wamazi.
Urudodo R na Rc nubundi buryo bwubwoko bwurudodo rusanzwe rukoreshwa mumazi no kuvoma. Urudodo R ni urudodo ruringaniye, rusa nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP, mugihe Rc insinga zafashwe, zisa na BSPT. Ubu bwoko bwurudodo bukoreshwa mubuyapani kandi bupimwa muri milimetero. Urudodo R na Rc rukunze gukoreshwa mubisabwa aho hasabwa kashe ikomeye, nka compressor de air na sisitemu ya fluid.
Iyo ugereranije insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP, BSPT, R, na Rc, ni ngombwa gusuzuma inguni, urwego rwo gupima, hamwe na porogaramu. Urudodo rwa BSPP na R rufite urwego ruringaniye, mugihe urudodo rwa BSPT na Rc rufite ifoto yumutwe. Urudodo rwa BSPP na R rwapimwe muri milimetero, mugihe BSPT na Rc bipimirwa muri santimetero. Byongeye kandi, buri bwoko bwurudodo bukoreshwa mubice bitandukanye no mubisabwa.
Ubwoko bwo Guhuza no Kugereranya
Ku bijyanye n'ibikoresho byo mu miyoboro, ni ngombwa kumva ubwoko butandukanye bwo guhuza buboneka ku isoko. Muri iyi ngingo, tuzasobanura itandukaniro riri hagati yumutwe wa BSPP, BSPT, na R na Rc. Ubwoko bwihuza bugira uruhare runini muguhitamo guhuza no guhuza imiyoboro ya progaramu yihariye.
BSPP, igereranya Ubwongereza Bwiza bwa Pipe Parallel, ni ubwoko bwurudodo ruzwi rukoreshwa mu nganda nyinshi. Iragaragaza urudodo rubangikanye rwemeza guhuza kandi bidasohoka. Ibikoresho bya BSPP bifite impagarike ya dogere 55 hamwe nu murongo uhoraho, utuma ushyiraho byoroshye no kuyikuraho. Ubu bwoko bwo guhuza bukunze kuboneka muri sisitemu ya hydraulic, sisitemu ya pneumatike, hamwe nibikorwa rusange.
Kurundi ruhande, BSPT, cyangwa British Standard Pipe Taper, nubundi bwoko bwakoreshejwe cyane. Bitandukanye na BSPP, BSPT igaragaramo urudodo rufunze, rukora kashe muguhuza imigozi yumugabo nigitsina gore. Iyi taper itanga umurongo wizewe ushobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi nubushyuhe. Ibikoresho bya BSPT bikoreshwa muburyo bwo gukoresha amazi, kuvoma gaze, hamwe na sisitemu.
Urudodo R na Rc ni ubwoko butandukanye bwihuza bukunze gukoreshwa muri Amerika. R bisobanura insanganyamatsiko 'hanze ', naho Rc igereranya 'imbere '. Izi nsanganyamatsiko zagenewe gukoreshwa nududodo twa pipine twafashe, zitanga ihuza ryizewe kandi ridasohoka. Urudodo R na Rc rusanzwe rukoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba kashe ifunze, nka pompe, gaze, na sisitemu ya hydraulic.
Iyo ugereranije nuburyo bwubwoko bwihuza, ibintu byinshi biza gukina. Ubwa mbere, ubwoko bwamazi cyangwa gaze bitwarwa mumiyoboro ni ngombwa. Ubwoko butandukanye bwo guhuza bufite umuvuduko nubushyuhe butandukanye, bigomba gusuzumwa kugirango habeho sisitemu itekanye kandi ikora neza. Icya kabiri, ibidukikije bizashyirwaho ibyuma bizashyirwaho ni ngombwa. Ibintu nka ruswa, kunyeganyega, no guhura nimiti irashobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere no kuramba kwihuza. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa guhitamo ubwoko bwihuza bukwiranye nibidukikije byihariye.
Ikindi kintu ugomba gusuzuma ni ubworoherane bwo kwishyiriraho no kubungabunga. Ibikoresho bya BSPP, hamwe ninsanganyamatsiko zibangikanye, biroroshye gushira no gukuraho. Ibi bituma bahitamo gukundwa mubisabwa aho bikenewe kenshi kubungabunga cyangwa gusimburwa. Ku rundi ruhande, ibikoresho bya BSPT, birashobora gusaba imbaraga nyinshi mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho kubera umugozi wafashwe. Ariko, iyo bimaze gushyirwaho neza, bitanga ihuza ryizewe kandi rirambye.
Kubijyanye no kuboneka no guhuza, ibikoresho bya BSPP na BSPT bikoreshwa cyane muburayi no muri Aziya, mugihe insanganyamatsiko R na Rc zikunze kugaragara muri Amerika. Ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibihari hamwe nibikoresho mugihe uhitamo ubwoko bwihuza. Gukoresha ubwoko bwihuza buboneka byoroshye mukarere kawe birashobora kubika umwanya nimbaraga mugushakisha ibice bikenewe.
Mugihe cyo kugereranya imikorere ya kashe hamwe nibisabwa byubushakashatsi bwa BSPP, BSPT, na R na Rc, hari itandukaniro ritandukanye tugomba gusuzuma. Buri bwoko bwurudodo rufite umwihariko wihariye nibisobanuro bituma bikenerwa mubikorwa bitandukanye.
Uhereye kuri BSPP (British Standard Pipe Parallel), ubu bwoko bwurudodo bukoreshwa muburayi kandi buzwiho gukora kashe. Urudodo rwa BSPP rufite ifishi ihwanye, bivuze ko insinga zigenda neza kandi ntizifate. Igishushanyo cyemerera kashe ifunze mugihe ikoreshwa hamwe na kashe cyangwa O-impeta. Imikorere ya kashe ya BSPP ninziza, ituma biba byiza mubisabwa bisaba urwego rwo hejuru rwo gufunga, nka sisitemu ya hydraulic.
Kurundi ruhande, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT (British Standard Pipe Taper) ifite igishushanyo mbonera, bivuze ko insinga zigenda zigabanuka buhoro buhoro kugera kumpera. Iyi taper ituma kashe ikomera nkuko insinga zifunze. Urudodo rwa BSPT rusanzwe rukoreshwa mumazi ya pompe kandi azwiho imiterere-idashobora kumeneka. Ariko rero, ni ngombwa kumenya ko insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT idatanga imbaraga zikomeye nkikimenyetso cya BSPP, kubwibyo ntibishobora kuba bibereye mubisabwa bisaba urwego rwo hejuru rwo gufunga.
Iyo bigeze kumutwe wa R na Rc, birasa nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT muburyo bwo gukora kashe. Urudodo R rufite uburyo bubangikanye, mugihe Rc insinga zifite ifoto ya taper. Izi nsanganyamatsiko zikoreshwa muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika kandi zizwiho guhuza byinshi. Urudodo R na Rc rushobora gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha, harimo amazi, sisitemu ya pneumatike, na sisitemu ya hydraulic. Imikorere yabo yo gufunga muri rusange nibyiza, ariko ni ngombwa kwemeza ko uburyo bwiza bwo gufunga bwakoreshejwe kugirango kashe ifatanye.
Kubijyanye nibisabwa byo kwishyiriraho, BSPP, BSPT, na R na Rc insanganyamatsiko zifite ibisabwa bitandukanye kubera ibishushanyo byihariye. Urudodo rwa BSPP rusaba koza cyangwa O-impeta kugirango ushireho kashe. Izi nsanganyamatsiko zisaba kandi guhuza imigozi ibangikanye, bivuze ko insanganyamatsiko yumugabo nigitsina gore igomba guhuza neza kugirango ireme umutekano. Ni ngombwa gukoresha itara ryukuri mugihe uhambiriye insanganyamatsiko ya BSPP kugirango wirinde kwangiza insinga cyangwa guhungabanya kashe.
Ku rundi ruhande, insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT, isaba gukoresha ikidodo gifunga kashe cyangwa kaseti ya kashe kugira ngo ikashe neza. Igishushanyo cya taper yizi nsanganyamatsiko zitanga uburyo bwo kwifungisha nkuko insinga zifunze. Ni ngombwa gushyira kashe ya kashe cyangwa umugozi wa kashe neza kugirango wirinde kumeneka no kwemeza guhuza umutekano.
Urudodo R na Rc rusaba kandi gukoresha ikoreshwa rya kashe cyangwa umugozi wa kashe yo gushiraho. Ubwoko bwihariye bwo gufunga uburyo bizaterwa nuburyo insanganyamatsiko zifite aho zihurira cyangwa zifata. Ni ngombwa gukurikiza ibyifuzo byuwabikoze kuburyo bukwiye bwo gufunga kugirango habeho guhuza gukomeye kandi bitarangiye.
Mugihe uhitamo urudodo rukwiye rwa porogaramu runaka, hari ibintu byinshi nibitekerezo ugomba kuzirikana. Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi tugomba gusuzuma ni ubwoko bw'insanganyamatsiko, nka BSPP, BSPT, R, na Rc. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yizi nsanganyamatsiko ni ngombwa kugirango ufate icyemezo kiboneye.
BSPP, izwi kandi nka British Standard Pipe Parallel, ni ubwoko bwurudodo rufite igishushanyo mbonera. Bikunze gukoreshwa mubisabwa aho bisabwa gufunga kashe. Ubu bwoko bwinsanganyamatsiko buboneka muri sisitemu ya hydraulic, ndetse no muri sisitemu ya pneumatike na gaze. Urudodo rwa BSPP ruzwiho koroshya kwishyiriraho nubushobozi bwo guhangana nigitutu kinini.
Kurundi ruhande, BSPT, cyangwa British Standard Pipe Taper, ni ubwoko bwurudodo rufite igishushanyo mbonera. Ibi bivuze ko diameter yumurongo igabanuka muburebure bwayo. Urudodo rwa BSPT rusanzwe rukoreshwa mumazi no guhuza imiyoboro ikwiye. Zitanga kashe yizewe kandi irwanya kunyeganyega, bigatuma ibera umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Urudodo R, ruzwi kandi nka American National Standard Taper Pipe Urudodo, rusa nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPT ukurikije igishushanyo cyazo. Nyamara, insanganyamatsiko R ifite impande zinyuranye kandi zikoreshwa muri Amerika ya ruguru. Izi nsanganyamatsiko zikunze kuboneka mumazi no gukoresha imiyoboro ikwiranye, ndetse no mubikorwa bya peteroli na gaze. Urudodo R rutanga umurongo wizewe kandi utemba.
Ubwanyuma, Rc insanganyamatsiko, cyangwa Ubwongereza Bwisanzwe Umuyoboro Uhwanye / Uhuza, uhuza ibiranga byombi bigereranijwe hamwe na taper. Izi nsanganyamatsiko zifite igice kibangikanye imbere nigice cya taper inyuma. Urudodo rwa Rc rusanzwe rukoreshwa mubisabwa aho hasabwa kashe, nko muri sisitemu ya hydraulic hamwe nigipimo cyumuvuduko.
Mugihe uhitamo urudodo rukwiye kubisabwa byihariye, ni ngombwa gusuzuma guhuza urudodo na sisitemu ihari. Ibi birimo ibintu nkubunini bwurudodo, ikibanza, nuburyo bwo gufunga. Ni ngombwa kandi gusuzuma imiterere yimikorere ya sisitemu, harimo ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, hamwe nibintu byangirika.
Iyi ngingo ishimangira akamaro ko gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati ya BSPP, BSPT, R, na Rc kugirango uhitemo ubwoko bwurudodo rukwiye muri pompe na hydraulic. Irerekana ibyiza nibiranga buri bwoko bwurudodo, nkuburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyiriraho, uburyo bwo gufunga kashe, guhuza nubundi bwoko bwurudodo, hamwe nurwego rwo gusaba. Iyi ngingo irashimangira kandi ko ari ngombwa gusuzuma ibisabwa byihariye, nk'igipimo cy’imigezi, umutekano uhuza, gukemura ibibazo, hamwe n’ibidukikije igihe uhitamo ubwoko bwiza bw’insanganyamatsiko. Muri rusange, guhitamo ubwoko bwurudodo rwukuri ningirakamaro kugirango hamenyekane ubwizerwe, imikorere, n'imikorere ya sisitemu cyangwa ibikoresho ikoreshwa muri.
Ikibazo: Ni irihe tandukaniro nyamukuru riri hagati yinyigisho za BSPP na BSPT?
Igisubizo: BSPP (British Standard Pipe Parallel) ifite insanganyamatsiko ibangikanye, mugihe insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT (British Standard Pipe Taper) ifite insanganyamatsiko ifatanye. Urudodo rwa BSPP rufite kashe hejuru yurudodo rwonyine, mugihe insanganyamatsiko ya BSPT yishingikiriza kashe cyangwa kaseti.
Ikibazo: Ese insanganyamatsiko za BSPP na BSPT zishobora gukoreshwa kimwe?
Igisubizo: Urudodo rwa BSPP na BSPT ntirushobora guhinduka kubera imiterere yinyandiko zitandukanye. Kugerageza kubikoresha bisimburana bishobora kuvamo kumeneka cyangwa gufunga bidakwiye. Ni ngombwa gukoresha ubwoko bwurudodo rwukuri kubisabwa byihariye.
Ikibazo: Nigute insanganyamatsiko ya R na Rc itandukaniye kumutwe wa BSPP na BSPT?
Igisubizo: R (Whitworth) insanganyamatsiko na Rc (Umuyoboro wa Whitworth) byombi ni insanganyamatsiko ibangikanye, bisa na BSPP. Nyamara, insanganyamatsiko ya R ifite imizi izengurutswe nigitereko, mugihe insanganyamatsiko ya Rc ifite imizi iringaniye. Urudodo rwa BSPP na BSPT rufite imiterere itandukanye kandi ntirugereranywa neza na R na Rc.
Ikibazo: Haba hari amabwiriza asanzwe yo guhitamo ubwoko bwurudodo rukwiye?
Igisubizo: Yego, hariho umurongo ngenderwaho usanzwe wo guhitamo ubwoko bwurudodo rukwiye. Aya mabwiriza asuzuma ibintu nkibisabwa, igipimo cyumuvuduko, hamwe no guhuza nibindi bice. Kugisha inama inganda ninganda zirashobora gufasha mukumenya ubwoko bwurudodo rukwiye.
Ikibazo: Ni izihe nganda zisanzwe zikoresha cyane BSPP, BSPT, R, cyangwa Rc?
Igisubizo: Urudodo rwa BSPP na BSPT rusanzwe rukoreshwa muri sisitemu ya hydraulic na pneumatike, ndetse no mu nganda nk'imodoka, amazi, n'ubuhinzi. Urudodo rwa R na Rc ruboneka kenshi mumazi no kuvoma, cyane cyane muburayi no mubwongereza.
Ikibazo: Ni izihe mbogamizi zishobora kubaho cyangwa imbogamizi zo gukoresha insanganyamatsiko R na Rc?
Igisubizo: Ikibazo kimwe gishobora gukoreshwa mugukoresha insanganyamatsiko R na Rc nuguhuza nubundi bwoko bwurudodo, kuko bidashobora guhinduka byoroshye. Byongeye kandi, kubona ibyuma bihuza hamwe na adaptateur kumutwe wa R na Rc birashobora kugorana ugereranije nu nsanganyamatsiko ya BSPP na BSPT, zifite uburyo bwagutse.
Ikibazo: Urudodo R na Rc rushobora guhindurwa mumutwe wa BSPP cyangwa BSPT?
Igisubizo: Birashoboka guhindura insanganyamatsiko R na Rc kumurongo wa BSPP cyangwa BSPT ukoresheje adaptate cyangwa fitingi ikwiye. Ariko, ni ngombwa kwemeza guhuza no gufunga neza mugihe ukora ibintu nkibi. Kugisha inama numunyamwuga ubizi birasabwa kwemeza guhinduka neza.
