Ku langutiwa: 1147 Mutsari: Muhleri wa Sayiti Nkarhi wo kandziyisa: 2023-12-27 Masungulo: Ndhawu
Emisaveni ya vumaki ni vunjhiniyara bya michini, ku endla leswaku swilo swi fambisana i swa nkoka. Hi kona laha swipimelo swa thread swi nghenaka kona. Swifana na milawu ya ndlela leyi swirhendzevutani eka boluti swifanaka ha yona na swirhendzevutani eka nati. Milawu leyi i ya nkoka swinene hikuva yi tiyisisa leswaku swiphemu swi khomana kahle, naswona swi kota ku khoma ntirho lowu swi endleriweke ku wu endla handle ko tshoveka.
A hi sunguleni hi ku twisisa leswaku swipimelo swa thread i yini. Hi ku olova, i swiletelo leswi hlamuselaka xivumbeko, vukulu ni ku tiyisela ka tintambhu leti tirhisiwaka eka tiboloti, swikwirikiri ni tinyawa. Ti anakanye ku fana ni buku ya tirhesiphi to endla tintambhu leti fambisanaka hi ku hetiseka. Mimpimanyeto leyi yi tiyisisa leswaku boluti kusuka eka khamphani yin’wana yita nghena eka nati kusuka eka yin’wana, ku hlayisa ku ringanana na ku pakanisa eka ti indasitiri to hambana hambana.
Mimpimanyeto ya thyaka yi hoxa xandla swinene emisaveni ya vumaki na vunjhiniyara bya michini . I tinhenha leti nga yimbeleriwangiki eku hlengeleteni ka xin’wana ni xin’wana ku sukela eka swiphemu swa elektroniki eka bodo ya xirhendzevutana ku ya eka swivumbeko leswikulu swa miri wa swihaha-mpfhuka. Eka tiindasitiri to fana na vumaki bya mimovha , switirhisiwa swa swihahampfhuka , hambi ku ri swihahampfhuka swa le mpfhukeni , swipimelo leswi swi tiyisisa leswaku boluti yin'wana na yin'wana ya xihlanganisi , na xikurufu , na xiphemu xa michini swi fambisana hi ku kongoma lokukulu na matimba . Leswi swina nkoka swinene kungari ntsena eka ku tumbuluxa vuhlanganisi byo tiya kambe naku hlayisa ku tshamiseka na vuhlayiseki bya switirhisiwa.
Sweswi, a hi tekeni riendzo ro hatlisa ehansi hi ndlela ya matimu. Unified Thread Standard (UTS) yisungule ku tirha tani hi ndlela yo olovisa naku ringanisa ti screw threads e United States nale Canada. Emahlweni ka UTS, a ku ri na swipimelo swo tala swa thread, leswi a swi pfilunganya swinene. UTS yi tisile un’wana na un’wana eka pheji yin’we hi tinxaka timbirhi letikulu: Unified National Coarse (UNC) na Unified National Fine (UNF) ..
l UNC Threads : Titiveka hi coarse pitch ya tona, ti threads leti ti kahle swinene eka switirhisiwa swo angarhela. Ti olova ku ti endla naku ti khoma, leswi endlaka leswaku tiva nhlawulo lowu dumeke eka ti indasitiri leti lavaka swintshuxo swo khoma leswinga tiyisela ntshikelelo wa shock xikan’we na rivilo ro rhendzeleka.
l UNF Threads : Leti tina mpfumawulo wa kahle , tinyika matimba yale henhla xikan’we naku kongoma . Hakanyingi ti tirhisiwa eka switirhisiwa swo fana na swa le xibakabakeni na swa vukheta switirhisiwa , laha milimitara yin’wana na yin’wana yi hlayiwaka.
Havumbirhi bya ti thread ta UNC na UNF ti wela ehansi ka Unified Screw Thread Series , leyi fanaka na ndyangu lowukulu wa ti screw thread leti endleriweke ku tirha hi ku twanana.
Leswaku u vona hi mahlo ya mianakanyo, anakanya hi Chati ya Thread ya Screw . Chati leyi yi xaxameta vukulu hinkwabyo na tinxaka ta tintambhu ehansi ka UTS, ku katsa na tintambhu ta Unified coarse pitch na Unified fine pitch threads . I xitirhisiwa xo ya eka xona eka vanjhiniyara na vaendli ku endla nhlawulo wa thread lowu faneleke eka switirhisiwa swa vona swo karhi.
Hi ndlela leyi tirhaka, mimpimanyeto ya thyaka yi le ndzhaku ka swifaniso eka kwalomu ka xitirhisiwa xin’wana ni xin’wana xa michini. Hi xikombiso, eka switirhisiwa swa elektroniki , ku kongoma ka tintambhu ta UNF ku tiyisekisa ku ringanana lokunene ka swiphemu. In larger applications, like in automobiles or aircraft , tintambhu ta UNC ti hoxa xandla eku akeni ka swiphemu swa xisefo leswi tiyeke na swiphemu swa njhini.
Ku twisisa swiyimo swa thread, ngopfu ngopfu ku hambana exikarhi ka UNF na UNC , i swa nkoka swinene. A hi ku endla leswaku swiphemu swimbirhi swi hlangana ntsena; i ku tiyisisa ku tshembheka vuhlayiseki , ka , na ku tirha kahle . Kungava ntirho wa high precision eka aerospace kumbe nhlengeletano yo angarhela eka mechanical engineering , muxaka wa thread lowu faneleke - kungava UNF kumbe UNC - wunga endla ku hambana hinkwako eka matirhelo na vutomi byo leha bya xiendliwa. Hiku komisa, swipimelo swa thread swofana na UNF na UNC ehansi ka Unified Thread Standard i swa nkoka eka ku tumbuluxa switirhisiwa leswi tshembekaka naku hlayiseka. Va tiyiseka leswaku xin’wana ni xin’wana ku sukela eka xikurufu lexitsongo swinene eka bodo ya xirhendzevutana ku ya eka leyikulu swinene boluti eka xihaha-mpfhuka swi le ka ntirho, swi nyikela matimba loku lavekaka , ku kongoma ka , ni ku lwisana loku lavekaka eka switirhisiwa swo hambana-hambana.
Unified Thread Standard (UTS) yi fana na buku ya milawu ya ti thread leti tirhisiwaka eAmerika N’walungu. Hi swona swi tiyisisaka leswaku xikurufu lexi humaka endhawini yin’wana xi nghena eka nati leyi humaka eka yin’wana. This standard is super important in industries like aerospace , automotive manufacturing , hambi ku ri eka switirhisiwa swa elektroniki.
UTS yi na swiphemu swinharhu leswikulu:
1. Xivumbeko xa Thread : Lexi i xivumbeko xa thread. Ehleketa hi swona ku fana ni xifaniso lexi nga eka boluti kumbe xikurufu. I swa nkoka hikuva swi endla xiboho xa leswaku swiphemu swimbirhi swi ta hlangana kahle ku fikela kwihi.
2. Series : Leswi swi vulavula hi tinxaka to hambana ta ti thread. Eka UTS, kuna swiyenge swimbirhi leswikulu - Unified National Coarse (UNC) na Unified National Fine (UNF). Coarse series (UNC) yina ti thread titsongo hi inch, kasi fine series (UNF) yina swotala. Ku hambana loku ku khumba ndlela leyi ku hlangana ku nga ta tiya ha yona ni ku tiya ku fikela kwihi.
3. Classes of Fit : Leswi swifana na level ya snugness exikarhi ka ti thread. I mhaka ya leswaku va tiyile kumbe va ntshunxekile ku fikela kwihi. Kuna titlilasi to hlaya, yin’wana na yin’wana yi faneleka eka switirhisiwa swohambana hambana.
Le Amerika N’walungu, UTS yi kona hinkwako-nkwako. Hi leyi ndlela leyi yi tirhisiwaka ha yona:
l Thekiniki ya Vumaki : Tikhamphani ti tirhisa UTS ku endla swilo swa mixaka hinkwayo. Ku sukela eka tibodo letitsongo ta swirhendzevutana ku ya eka leswikulu swa njhini ya swihaha-mpfhuka swiphemu .
l Switirhisiwa swa Vukheta : Eka switirhisiwa na switirhisiwa leswi lavaka vukheta bya le henhla swinene , ku fana na le ka swa swihahampfhuka kumbe swa swihahampfhuka switirhisiwa , UTS yi pfuneta eku endleni ka swiphemu leswi hlanganaka hi ku hetiseka.
l Vuinjhiniyere bya Mimovha na Michini : Mimovha, tilori, hambi ku ri michini ya le tifemeni yi lava swiphemu leswi ringanaka kahle. UTS yi endla leswaku leswi swi humelela, hambi ku ri swa swiphemu swa njhini , swiphemu swa xisefo , kumbe hambi ku ri swivumbeko swa miri.
l Swiphemu swa Elektroniki : Eka switirhisiwa leswintsongo, UTS na yona yi tlanga xiave lexikulu. Yi tiyisekisa leswaku swiboluti hinkwaswo leswitsongo ni swikwirikiri eka swiphemu swa elektroniki swi fambisana kahle.
Anakanya u ri karhi u aka robot. U lava ti boluti na swikwirikiri leswi nga ta yi khoma swin’we swinene. U ta hlawula leyinene ya UNC kumbe UNF thread hi ku ya hi leswi robot yi nga ta swi endla. Xana yi ta lava ku tiyisela ntshikilelo wo tala wa ku chava ? Kumbe xana swi lava ku va leswi kongomeke hakunene? UTS yi ku kongomisa eku endleni ka swiboho leswi.
UTS yi fana ni ririmi leri vaendli hinkwavo va swilo va le Amerika N’walungu va ri vulavulaka. I ku tiyisisa leswaku hinkwaswo swi fambisana kahle, hambi ku ri xikurufu lexitsongo eka smartphone kumbe bolt leyikulu eka xihahampfhuka. Mpimo lowu wu hlayisa swilo swi hlayisekile, swi tiyile naswona swi tirha kahle.
A hi ngheneni eka UNF Threads , leyi tivekaka hi Unified Fine Pitch ya yona . Ti thread leti i ti detailed artists ta misava ya thread. Ti na tintambhu to tala hi intshi ku tlula tintambhu ta UNC , leswi vulaka leswaku ti kahle naswona ti hambanisiwile swinene. Dizayini leyi leyinene a hi ya ku kombisa ntsena; hinkwaswo swi vulavula hi ku kongoma.
Ti thread ta UNF i go-to choice eka swiyimo laha ku kongoma ka le henhla na matimba swi nga xilotlelo. Hi laha va voningaka kona:
l Aerospace : Eka swihahampfhuka na swihahampfhuka swa le mpfhukeni, xiphemu xin’wana na xin’wana lexitsongo i xa nkoka. Ti thread ta UNF ti tirhisiwa laha eka ku kongoma ka tona.
l Switirhisiwa swa Vukheta : Ehleketa hi switirhisiwa eka ti lab kumbe switirhisiwa swa vutshunguri. Ti thread ta UNF ti pfuna switirhisiwa leswi kuva swiri ntiyiso naswona switshembeka.
l Vumaki bya Mimovha : Eka timovha, ngopfu-ngopfu eka swiphemu swa njhini na swiphemu swa elektroniki , tintambhu ta UNF ti nyika ku ringanela loku kongomeke loku lavekaka.
l Switirhisiwa swa Elektroniki : Hambi ku ri eka letitsongo tibodo ta swirhendzevutani , tintambhu ta UNF i ta nkoka ku hlayisa hinkwaswo swi hlanganisiwile swinene.
Loko hi vulavula hi ti dimensions ta ti thread ta UNF, hi languta eka Screw Thread Chart . Chati leyi yi xaxameta vukulu hinkwabyo - dyayimeta, mpfumawulo, na ku leha. Diameter ya ti threads ta UNF yinga suka eka letintsongo swinene kuya eka letikulu swinene, kambe xilotlelo i fine pitch - ti threads totala eka inch yin’wana na yin’wana ya screw.
Emisaveni ya vumaki bya xiyimo xa le henhla, ti thread ta UNF ti fana na ti VIP. Va nyikela hi:
l Matimba yale henhla : Hikwalaho ka mpfumawulo wa tona lowunene, tikota ku khoma ndzhwalo wotala na ntshikelelo.
l Tight Connection : Tintambhu to tala swi vula ku khoma loku tiyisiweke. Leswi swina nkoka swinene eka swiphemu leswinga fanelangiki ku ntshunxeka, ngopfu ngopfu ehansi ka ku rhurhumela.
l Precision : Loko ti thread to tala, ku na nkarhi wutsongo wo famba kumbe ku nga ringani. Leswi i swa nkoka eka switirhisiwa leswi kongomeke ni switirhisiwa swa le xibakabakeni.
Anakanya u ri karhi u hlanganisa drone ya thekinoloji ya le henhla. Xiphemu xin’wana ni xin’wana xi fanele xi nghena hi ku hetiseka. Ti thread ta UNF ti ku pfuna ku screw xiphemu xin’wana na xin’wana hi ku kongoma, ku tiyisisa leswaku drone yi tshamisekile naswona ya tshembeka.
Tintambhu ta UNF ANSI B1.1
| Diameter leyikulu (in) | Thread hi intshi (tpi) | Diameter leyikulu (in) | Diameter leyikulu (mm) | Sayizi ya Tap Drill (mm) | Pitch (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #0 - 80 | 80 | 0.060 | 1.524 | 1.25 | 0.317 |
| #1 - 72 | 72 | 0.073 | 1.854 | 1.55 | 0.353 |
| #2 - 64 | 64 | 0.086 | 2.184 | 1.90 | 0.397 |
| #3 - 56 | 56 | 0.099 | 2.515 | 2.15 | 0.453 |
| #4 - 48 | 48 | 0.112 | 2.845 | 2.40 | 0.529 |
| #5 - 44 | 44 | 0.125 | 3.175 | 2.70 | 0.577 |
| #6 - 40 | 40 | 0.138 | 3.505 | 2.95 | 0.635 |
| #8 - 36 | 36 | 0.164 | 4.166 | 3.50 | 0.705 |
| #10 - 32 | 32 | 0.190 | 4.826 | 4.10 | 0.794 |
| #12 - 28 | 28 | 0.216 | 5.486 | 4.70 | 0.907 |
| 1/4' - 28. Xihlamusela-marito | 28 | 0.250 | 6.350 | 5.50 | 0.907 |
| 5/16' - 24. Xifaniso xa xirhendzevutani | 24 | 0.313 | 7.938 | 6.90 | 1.058 |
| 3/8' - 24. Xihlamusela-marito | 24 | 0.375 | 9.525 | 8.50 | 1.058 |
| 7/16' - 20. Xihlamusela-marito | 20 | 0.438 | 11.112 | 9.90 | 1.270 |
| 1/2' - 20. Xihlamusela-marito | 20 | 0.500 | 12.700 | 11.50 | 1.270 |
| 9/16' - 18. Xihlamusela-marito | 18 | 0.563 | 14.288 | 12.90 | 1.411 |
| 5/8' - 18. Xitsonga | 18 | 0.625 | 15.875 | 14.50 | 1.411 |
| 3/4' - 16. Xihlamusela-marito | 16 | 0.750 | 19.050 | 17.50 | 1.587 |
| 7/8' - 14. Xitsonga | 14 | 0.875 | 22.225 | 20.40 | 1.814 |
| 1' - 12. Xitsonga | 12 | 1.000 | 25.400 | 23.25 | 2.117 |
| 1 1/8' - 12. Xitsonga | 12 | 1.125 | 28.575 | 26.50 | 2.117 |
| 1 1/4' - 12. Xitsonga | 12 | 1.250 | 31.750 | 29.50 | 2.117 |
| 1 3/8' - 12. Xihlamusela-marito xa Xitsonga | 12 | 1.375 | 34.925 | 32.75 | 2.117 |
| 1 1/2' - 12. Xitsonga | 12 | 1.500 | 38.100 | 36.00 | 2.117 |
Ku katsakanya, ti thread ta UNF hinkwato ti vulavula hi vuxokoxoko na ku kongoma. I tinhenha leti nga yimbeleriwangiki eka switirhisiwa swo tala swa thekinoloji ya le henhla na swa ntshikilelo wa le henhla, ku suka eka vuenti bya xibakabaka eka xihahampfhuka xa le mpfhukeni ku ya eka swiphemu swa nkoka swa njhini ya movha ya matirhelo ya le henhla. Mpfumawulo wa tona lowunene ni matimba ya tona lama tlakukeke swi endla leswaku ti nga ha pfuni nchumu emisaveni ya ku hlanganisiwa loku kongomeke ni vumaki bya xiyimo xa le henhla.
Tintambhu ta UNC ti yimela tintambhu ta Unified National Coarse . Ehleketa hi vona tanihi muxaka lowu tiyeke, lowu tshembekaka endyangwini wa tintambhu. Ti na ti thread titsongo hi inch loko ti pimanyisiwa na ti thread ta UNF , leswivulaka leswaku ti coarser. Ku rhurhumela loku a hi xiphiqo; kahle kahle i plus leyikulu eka swiyimo swo tala.
Xana ti thread ta UNC ti nghena kwihi? Hi lexi ku languta hi ku hatlisa:
l Ku aka : Eka miako na mabuloho, tintambhu ta UNC ti kahle swinene ku khoma switirhisiwa swo tika swin’we.
l General Machinery : Eka michini leyi nga laviki super fine precision, ku fana na le ka swiphemu swin’wana swa movha kumbe switirhisiwa leswikulu, ti thread ta UNC ti endla ntirho kahle.
l Switirhisiwa swa Vaxavi : Swilo leswi hi swi tirhisaka siku na siku, ku fana na fanichara kumbe switirhisiwa swa le kaya, swi tala ku va na tintambhu ta UNC leti swi hlayisaka swin’we.
Ti thread ta UNC titiveka hi swilo swimbirhi: matimba na ku tiyisela.
l Matimba : Ti tiyile ku ringana ku khoma swivumbeko leswikulu, hi swona swi endlaka leswaku u ti vona eka ku aka na michini yo tika.
l Ku tiyisela : Va rivalela ku tlula tintambhu letinene. Leswi swivula leswaku tikota ku khoma thyaka, ku onhaka, naswona swa olova ku ti screw naku ti pfula, leswi swikahle eka tindzhawu letinga rhurhumeli.
Loko swita eka ku endla swilo hi ti thread ta UNC, kuna tinhla ti nga ri tingani leti hi faneleke ku ti xiya:
l Ku olova ka ku endliwa : Swa olova naswona swa hatlisa ku humelerisa kutlula tintambhu letintsongo. Lexi i mhaka leyikulu loko u endla magidi ya swikwirikiri kumbe swiboluti.
l Swi nga durhi ngopfu : Hikuva swa olova ku swi endla, swi tala ku durha switsongo. Leswi swina nkoka eka switirhisiwa laha u lavaka ti fasteners totala kambe unga lavi super fine precision.
l Ku tirhisa swilo swo hambana-hambana : Swi na swilo swo hambana-hambana. Unga tirhisa ti thread ta UNC eka switirhisiwa swohambana hambana, kusuka eka michini yo tika kuya eka swilo swa siku na siku.
Tintambhu ta UNC hi ku ya hi ANSI B1.1
| Diameter leyikulu (in) | Thread hi intshi (tpi) | Diameter leyikulu (in) | Diameter leyikulu (mm) | Sayizi ya Tap Drill (mm) | Pitch (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 - 64 | 64 | 0.073 | 1.854 | 1.50 | 0.397 |
| #2 - 56 | 56 | 0.086 | 2.184 | 1.80 | 0.453 |
| #3 - 48 | 48 | 0.099 | 2.515 | 2.10 | 0.529 |
| #4 - 40 | 40 | 0.112 | 2.845 | 2.35 | 0.635 |
| #5 - 40 | 40 | 0.125 | 3.175 | 2.65 | 0.635 |
| #6 - 32 | 32 | 0.138 | 3.505 | 2.85 | 0.794 |
| #8 - 32 | 32 | 0.164 | 4.166 | 3.50 | 0.794 |
| #10 - 24 | 24 | 0.190 | 4.826 | 4.00 | 1.058 |
| #12 - 24 | 24 | 0.216 | 5.486 | 4.65 | 1.058 |
| 1/4' - 20. Xihlamusela-marito | 20 | 0.250 | 6.350 | 5.35 | 1.270 |
| 5/16' - 18. Xihlamusela-marito | 18 | 0.313 | 7.938 | 6.80 | 1.411 |
| 3/8' - 16. Xihlamusela-marito | 16 | 0.375 | 9.525 | 8.25 | 1.587 |
| 7/16' - 14. Xifaniso xa xirhendzevutani | 14 | 0.438 | 11.112 | 9.65 | 1.814 |
| 1/2' - 13. Xihlamusela-marito | 13 | 0.500 | 12.700 | 11.15 | 1.954 |
| 9/16' - 12. Xihlamusela-marito xa Xitsonga | 12 | 0.563 | 14.288 | 12.60 | 2.117 |
| 5/8' - 11. Xitsonga | 11 | 0.625 | 15.875 | 14.05 | 2.309 |
| 3/4' - 10. Xihlamusela-marito | 10 | 0.750 | 19.050 | 17.00 | 2.540 |
| 7/8' - 9. Xitsonga | 9 | 0.875 | 22.225 | 20.00 | 2.822 |
| 1' - 8 | 8 | 1.000 | 25.400 | 22.85 | 3.175 |
| 1 1/8' - 7. Xitsonga | 7 | 1.125 | 28.575 | 25.65 | 3.628 |
| 1 1/4' - 7. Xitsonga | 7 | 1.250 | 31.750 | 28.85 | 3.628 |
| 1 3/8' - 6. Xitsonga | 6 | 1.375 | 34.925 | 31.55 | 4.233 |
Tintambhu ta UNC ti fana na tihanci ta ntirho leti tshembekaka ta misava ya tintambhu. Swi nga ha endleka ti nga ri na vuxokoxoko lebyinene bya tintambhu ta UNF, kambe ti byi endla hi matimba ya tona, ku tiyisela ni ku cinca-cinca ka tona. Kusuka eka ku hlayisa swihondzo swale henhla swi yimile kuya eka ku tiyisisa leswaku tafula ra wena ra khixi ri tiyile, tintambhu ta UNC i xiphemu xa nkoka xa switirhisiwa swa siku na siku na ku akiwa lokukulu hiku fanana.
Loko hi languta eka ti thread ta UNF (Unified National Fine) na UNC (Unified National Coarse) , swilo leswikulu leswi humelelaka i pitch na matimba.
l Pitch : Ti thread ta UNF tina pitch yo saseka, leswivulaka leswaku ti thread totala hi inch. Ti thread ta UNC ti coarser na ti thread titsongo hi inch.
l Matimba : Mpimo lowunene wa tintambhu ta UNF wu ti nyika matimba yo tala eka tension. Tinga khoma matimba yotala handle ko tshoveka loko ti pimanyisiwa na ti thread ta UNC.
Ku hlawula exikarhi ka ti thread ta UNF na UNC swiya hi laha tingata tirhisiwa kona.
l UNF Threads : Yikahle eka switirhisiwa leswi lavaka vukheta byale henhla na matimba, kufana na le ka switirhisiwa swa aerospace kumbe precision.
l UNC Threads : Yi lulamerile ku antswa eka ku akiwa hi ku angarhela na switirhisiwa laha ku kongoma ku nga riki ka nkoka ngopfu, kambe ku tiya na ku olova ku tirhisiwa i swa nkoka.
Ku tipfalela i mhaka leyikulu eka tindhawu leti ku rhurhumela ku nga ha ntshunxaka tintambhu.
l UNF Threads : Pitch ya tona ya kahle yinyika vuswikoti byo antswa byo tipfalela, leswi endlaka leswaku ti lulamela eka tindzhawu letingana high-vibration kufana na swihahampfhuka kumbe michini.
l Tintambhu ta UNC : Hambi leswi tinga tipfalaka, mpfumawulo wa tona wo tsindziyela wu endla leswaku tinga tirhi nyana eka mhaka leyi loko ti pimanyisiwa na tintambhu ta UNF.
Ku pfariwa na ku tiya ka ku tsana swina nkoka swinene eka ku kumisisa muxaka lowu faneleke wa thyaka.
l UNF Threads : Tinyika matimba yo antswa ya tensile hikokwalaho ka pitch ya tona ya kahle, leswi pfumelelaka ku hlanganisiwa loku tiyeke naku tiya.
l UNC Threads : Mpimo wa tona wo tsindziyela wu endla leswaku tinga ringanelanga ngopfu eka swilaveko swa matimba yale henhla, kambe ta ha tirha swinene eka switirhisiwa swotala.
Ku tsindziyela ka tintambhu hi intshi i nchumu wa nkoka eka matirhelo.
l UNF Threads : Ku tsindziyela ka thread lokukulu swivula thread yo saseka, leswi yisaka eka ku ringanela loku tiyeke naku kongoma.
l UNC Threads : E hansi ka thread density hi thread yo tsindziyela, leyi olovaka ku yi khoma naku yi endla, ngopfu ngopfu hi nhlayo leyikulu.
Anakanya hi Chati ya Thread ya Screw . Chati leyi yinga kombisa hilaha ti thread ta UNF ti pakiweke hakona swinene na nhlayo yale henhla ya ti thread hi inch, kasi ti thread ta UNC tina xivandla xo anama exikarhi ka ti thread.
ku hlawula exikarhi ka tintambhu ta UNF na UNC swi vila ehansi eka swilaveko swo karhi swa xitirhisiwa. Ti thread ta UNF, na pitch ya tona ya kahle, tinyika matimba yale henhla xikan’we naku kongoma, leswinga kahle eka tindzhawu ta thekinoloji yale henhla na ntshikelelo wale henhla. Ti thread ta UNC, hi tlhelo rin’wana, tinyika ku olova ka kutirhisiwa xikan’we naku endliwa, leswi endlaka leswaku tifaneleka eka ku akiwa hiku angarhela xikan’we na switirhisiwa laha ku kongoma kale henhla kungari ka nkoka swinene. Tinxaka leti hatimbirhi tina swipfuno swa tona swo hlawuleka, leswi endlaka leswaku tinga pfuni nchumu eka matirhiselo ya tona.
Swilo swo sungula ku sungula, ku pima tintambhu hi ku kongoma, u lava switirhisiwa leswi faneleke. Leswi tolovelekeke ngopfu hi leswi:
l Calipers : Switirhisiwa leswi swi pima diameter yale handle ya thread. Va fana ni vafumi vo saseka lava nga ku byelaka kahle leswaku thyaka i rikulu ku fikela kwihi.
l Ti Thread Gauges : Leswi swi fana na ti template ta ti thread. U fambisanisa thyaka ni gauge leswaku u kuma vukulu ni mpfumawulo wa rona.
Ku kuma loko thread yi ri UNF kumbe UNC swi kongomile hi magoza lawa:
1. Pima Diameter : Tirhisa ti calipers ku pima diameter yale handle ya thread. Leswi swi ku byela ndlela leyi yi anameke ha yona.
2. Hlaya Tintambhu : Hlaya nhlayo ya tintambhu hi ku leha ka intshi yin’we. Laha hi laha u vonaka ku hambana kona – ti thread ta UNF titava na ti thread to tala hi inch kutlula UNC.
3. Tirhisa Thread Gauge : Fanisa thread na thread gauge. Gauge yita tiyisisa pitch na loko kuri UNF (fine) kumbe UNC (coarse).
4. Languta Chati : U nga languta eka Chati ya Thread ya Screw ku kuma ku pimanisa hi ku hatlisa. Chati leyi yi kombisa ti thread ta UNF na UNC hi pitch na diameter ya tona hi ku hambana ka tona.
Ku kuma mimpimo leyinene i swa nkoka swinene. Hi leswi switsundzuxo swin’wana:
l Hlantswa Tintambhu : Loko u nga si pima, tiyisisa leswaku tintambhu ti basile. Thyaka ri nga pfilunganya mimpimo ya wena.
l Pima Minkarhi Yo hlayanyana : Ku papalata swihoxo, pima minkarhi yimbirhi kumbe yinharhu ivi u teka avhareji.
l Tirhisa Switirhisiwa swa Khwalithi ya kahle : Vekisa eka ti calipers na ti gauges ta xiyimo xale henhla kuva u pima kahle swinene.
l Tshama U Tiyile : Loko u pima, khoma switirhisiwa swa wena swi tiyile ku papalata ku rhetela no kuma ku hlaya loku hoxeke.
Loko u tirha eka phurojeke, ku tiva loko u fanele ku tirhisa tithread ta UNF kumbe UNC swi nga endla kumbe ku herisa ntirho wa wena. Ku pima ni ku vona tintambhu leti hi ndlela leyinene swi tiyisekisa leswaku swihlanganisi swa wena swi nghena kahle, ku nga khathariseki leswaku u aka fanichara, u lunghisa movha kumbe hambi ku ri ku hlanganisa swiphemu swa swihaha-mpfhuka. Mimpimo leyinene yi yisa eka vuhlanganisi lebyi tiyeke, lebyi tiyeke ni lebyi hlayisekeke eka xin’wana ni xin’wana lexi u xi tumbuluxaka kumbe ku xi lunghisa.
Ti thread ta UNF (Unified National Fine) tifana na vativi va precision eka misava ya thread. Hi laha va humelelaka kona hakunene:
l Swihahampfhuka na Swihahampfhuka : Eka swihahampfhuka na swihahampfhuka, xiphemu xin’wana na xin’wana lexitsongo xi fanele ku va lexi hetisekeke. Ti thread ta UNF titirhisiwa eka swiphemu swa njhini na swivumbeko swa miri hikokwalaho ka ku kongoma ka tona lokukulu.
l Vumaki bya Mimovha : Eka timovha, ngopfu ngopfu eka swiphemu leswi nga na vuxiyaxiya swinene ku fana na swiphemu swa elektroniki , tintambhu ta UNF ti nyika ku ringanela loku kongomeke loku lavekaka.
l Switirhisiwa swa Elektroniki : Eka switirhisiwa na switirhisiwa, laha milimitara yin’wana na yin’wana yi hlayiwaka, tintambhu ta UNF i ta nkoka eka ku pakanisa ka tona na ku hlanganisiwa loku tiyeke.
Loko swita eka ku endla swihlanganisi swotala hiku hatlisa na hindlela ya kahle, ti thread ta UNC (Unified National Coarse) hi tona to famba eka tona:
l Ku aka : Eka miako na switirhisiwa, tintambhu ta UNC ti tirhisiwa eka ti boluti na swikwirikiri leswaku ti tiya na ku olova ku tirhisiwa.
l Michini yo Angarhela : Eka michini leyi lavaka swihlanganisi swo tiya no tshembheka, tintambhu ta UNC ti nyika ku ringanisela loku hetisekeke ka matimba na ku olova ku khoma.
Muxaka wun’wana na wun’wana wa thyaka wu na matimba ya wona lamakulu eka tiindasitiri to hambana:
l Tithread ta UNF : Eka switirhisiwa swa precision na aerospace , laha vuxokoxoko byin’wana na byin’wana byi nga bya nkoka, ti thread ta UNF i ta nkoka eka matimba ya tona ya le henhla na precision.
l Tintambhu ta UNC : Eka ti indasitiri to fana na ku aka na michini yo tika, laha swihlanganisi swi lavaka ku va swo tiya no tshembheka, tintambhu ta UNC hi tona leti rhandzekaka.
Ku tirha hi ti thread a swi olovi minkarhi hinkwayo. Hi leyi mintlhontlho yin’wana:
l Ku kongoma eka Michini : Ku endla tintambhu ta UNF swi lava vukheta bya le henhla eka michini ya CNC . Xihoxo lexitsongo xi nga endla ku hambana lokukulu.
l Ku khoma na ku hlanganisa : Ti thread ta UNC, tani hileswi tinga tsindziyela, ta olova ku ti khoma kambe tifanele ku endliwa hi muchini hi vukheta kutiyisisa leswaku ti nghena kahle eka switirhisiwa swoka swingari kahle.
l Ku Hlawula Switirhisiwa : Ku hlawuriwa ka switirhisiwa eka ti thread ta UNF na UNC i swa nkoka swinene. Swi khumba ya thyaka matimba , ku tiya ka , na ku lwisana na ntshikilelo.
Kungava ku tirhisiwa loku lavekaka hi vukheta ka ti thread ta UNF eka aerospace na swa elektroniki swiphemu swa kumbe ku tiya ka ti thread ta UNC eka ku aka na michini, havumbirhi bya tona ti tlanga swiphemu swa nkoka eka tinsimu ta tona. Ku twisisa matirhiselo ya tona yokarhi na mintlhontlho swi pfuneta eka ku endla nhlawulo wa kahle wa thread eka xitirhisiwa xin’wana na xin’wana xo hlawuleka, ku tiyisisa ku tirha kahle na vuhlayiseki bya xiendliwa xohetelela.
Ku hlawula muxaka wa thread lowu faneleke – UNC kumbe UNF – i swa nkoka swinene. Hi leswi leswi u nga swi ehleketaka:
1. Swilaveko swa Xikombelo : Xana u tirha eka nchumu lowu lavaka ku kongoma lokukulu, ku fana na xiphemu xa xihahampfhuka ? Yana eka UNF. Eka ku aka hi ku angarhela, UNC i ku becha ka wena lokunene.
2. Swilaveko swa Matimba : Ti thread ta UNF tinyika matimba yotala hikokwalaho ka pitch ya tona ya kahle, leswi endlaka leswaku tiva kahle eka switirhisiwa swa high-stress.
3. Ndzhawu ya Nhlengeletano : Loko ndzhawu yitala kuva na thyaka kumbe ku onhaka, ti coarser threads ta UNC ti rivalela swinene.
4. Manufacturing Capabilities : Xana u na switirhisiwa swa precise UNF threading? Loko swi nga ri tano, UNC yi nga ha va yi tirha swinene.
Indasitiri yin’wana na yin’wana yi na leswi yi swi tsakelaka:
l Aerospace : UNF yitala kutirhisiwa hikokwalaho ka vukheta bya yona byale henhla na matimba.
l Ku aka : UNC yi tsakeriwa hikwalaho ka ku tiya ka yona na ku olova ka ku tirhisiwa.
l Automotive : Ku hlanganisiwa ka swilo leswimbirhi, kuya hi xiphemu lexi endliwaka.
Ku kuma ku hlanganisiwa kahle i xilotlelo:
l Languta ku fambisana : Minkarhi hinkwayo tiyisisa leswaku muxaka wa thread ya bolt wu fambelana na ya nati. Bolt ya UNF yi lava nati ya UNF.
l Languta eka Chati ya Thread ya Screw : Chati leyi yi pfuneta eka ku fambelanisa ti thread hi ku kongoma, ku kombisa pitch na thread density.
l Anakanya hi Switirhisiwa : Switirhisiwa swa boluti na nati swifanele ku fambisana eka ku hlanganisiwa loku tiyeke.
A hi nge u hlanganisa xitirhisiwa xa elektroniki. U nga ha hlawula tintambhu ta UNF hikwalaho ka mpfumawulo wa tona lowunene ni ku kongoma . Hi tlhelo rin’wana, loko u aka xelufu ya tibuku, ti thread ta UNC tinga lulamela swinene eka matimba ya tona xikan’we naku olova ku khoma.
Ku hlawula exikarhi ka tintambhu ta UNC na UNF swi fika ehansi eka ku twisisa swilaveko swo karhi swa phurojeke ya wena, swiyimo swa indasitiri, na ku tiyisisa ku fambisana ka swiphemu hinkwaswo leswi katsekaka. Kunga khathariseki leswaku i swa switirhisiwa swo olova swa vukheta kumbe switirhisiwa swo tiya swo aka, muxaka lowu faneleke wa thyaka wu tiyisisa ku tiya ka , matimba , na ku humelela hinkwako ka nhlengeletano ya wena.
Loko hi ri karhi hi pfala, a hi tsundzukeni mintirho ya nkoka ya tintambhu ta UNF na UNC eka tiindasitiri to hambana. Tintambhu leti, hambileswi ti nga ha vonakaka ti ri titsongo, i ta nkoka eku tiyisekiseni ka vuhlayiseki, ku kongoma ni ku tirha ka switirhisiwa leswi nga hlayekiki.
l UNF Threads : Mpimo wa tona lowunene wu endla leswaku ti va letinene eka vukorhokeri bya le henhla bya vukheta na matimba lama lavekaka ku fana na le ka bya le xibakabakeni , switirhisiwa swa vukheta , na vumaki bya mimovha.
l Tintambhu ta UNC : Titiveka hi mpfumawulo wa tona wo tsindziyela, tintambhu leti i ta nkoka eka ku aka, michini yo tika, na switirhisiwa swa siku na siku eka ku olova ka tona ku tirhisiwa na ku tiya.
Ku hlawula thread leyinene – UNF kumbe UNC – swi fika ehansi eka:
l Ku twisisa Xitirhisiwa : Swilaveko swo karhi swa phurojeke ya wena, hambi ku ri ku kongoma ka le henhla kumbe ku tiya, swi ta kongomisa ku hlawula ka wena.
l Swipimelo swa Indasitiri : Ku va u tiva mintwanano ya indasitiri swi pfuneta eku endleni ka ku hlawula loku nga na vutivi.
l Ku fambisana : Ku tiyisisa leswaku ti thread, ti bolts, na ti nuts leti u ti hlawulaka ta fambisana i swa nkoka swinene eka nhlengeletano leyi humelelaka.
Tintambhu ti nga ha va titsongo, kambe nkucetelo wa tona i wukulu swinene. Ku suka eka swihahampfhuka leswi hahaka ehenhla ka hina ku ya eka switirhisiwa swa elektroniki leswi hi swi tirhisaka siku na siku, tintambhu ta UNF na UNC ti khoma misava ya hina swin’we. Kutani nkarhi lowu taka loko u tirha eka phurojeke yo karhi, ehleketa hi tinhenha leti letitsongo. Ku hlawula ka wena exikarhi ka UNF na UNC swi nga endla ku hambana hinkwako eka matimba, ku kongoma, na vutomi byo leha bya ntumbuluko wa wena.
Q: Xana ku hambana kwihi exikarhi ka ti thread ta UNF na UNC?
A: Tintambhu ta UNF ti kahle swinene; Ti thread ta UNC ti coarser. UNF yina ti thread to tala hi inch. UNC yi tolovelekile ngopfu eka matirhiselo yo angarhela.
Q: Xana ndzi fanele ndzi tirhisa rini ti thread ta UNF ehenhla ka ti thread ta UNC?
A: Tirhisa UNF ku kuma tension yo antswa na ku lulamisiwa lokunene. UNF yitsakeriwa eka switirhisiwa leswi lavaka vukheta byale henhla.
Q: Xana ndzi nga pima njhani thread pitch eka ti thread ta UNF na UNC?
A: Tirhisa xipima tintambhu ku hlayela tintambhu hi intshi. Pima mpfhuka wa nhlohlorhi kuya eka nhlohlorhi exikarhi ka tintambhu. Fanisa ni mimpimanyeto leyi tiviwaka.
Q: Xana ti thread ta UNF na UNC ta cincana?
A: E-e, va na ti thread pitch to hambana. Ku cincana swi nga endla leswaku ku onhaka. Minkarhi hinkwayo fambisana na muxaka wa thread lowu faneleke.
Q: Hi swihi switirhisiwa leswi ndzi swi lavaka ku tirha na ti thread ta UNF na UNC?
A: U ta lava tipompi na ti dies, thread gauge, na swilotlelo. Tiyisisa leswaku switirhisiwa swi fambelana na muxaka wa thyaka. Ku tlhela ku laveka ku cheriwa mafurha.
