Mastering thread okumanya: ebika ne parameters .

Bwe kituuka ku nsi enzibu ennyo eya hoosi ne tube fittings, ebika by’obuwuzi eby’enjawulo ebiriwo biyinza okukuzitoowerera ennyo. Kiba ng’okuyimirira mu maze ya spirals, nga buli emu erina eddoboozi lyayo ery’enjawulo n’obuziba, nga yeebuuza ekkubo ki erikutuusa ku fit etuukiridde. Mu kiwandiiko kino, ndi musanyufu okusumulula ekyama ky’obuwuzi buno ku lulwo. Tujja kutandika n'ennyanjula enkulu ku ki threads kye ki - ezo enkulu spiral grooves ezifuula nuts, bolts, ne fittings okukola mu byuma ebitabalika n'ebintu ebya bulijjo.

Mu lugendo luno, tujja kwetegereza ebika ebikulu eby’obuwuzi, nga BSPP, UN/UNF, ne metric parallel threads, n’okubunyisa mu nsi y’obuwuzi obuliko enkokola, omuli metric tapered, BSPT, ne NPT/NPTF threads. Okutegeera bino kijja kukuyamba okusalawo okusinga okukendeeza ku nsimbi era okusaanidde, okukakasa obwesigwa n’okuziyiza obuzibu mu pulojekiti zo. Kale, ka tutandike ku thread adventure eno tuzuule ekituufu ekituukira ku byetaago byo!

Okutegeera obuwuzi: emisingi n’obukulu .

Bwe twogera ku threads, tuba twogera ku helical structure ekozesebwa okukyusa wakati w’okutambula oba linear movement oba force. Emiguwa giri buli wamu! Laba ebikulukusi ebikutte emmeeza yo, ekibikka ku ccupa yo ey’amazzi, oba wadde bbaalu y’ettaala eri mu ttaala yo. Bonna beesigamye ku threads okusigala mu kifo n’okukola obulungi.

Ennyonyola y'oluwuzi .

Owuzi ye ridge egenda mu maaso nga yeetooloola ekitundu ekiringa ssiringi oba ekikonde. Dizayini eno esobozesa ebitundu okugatta awamu obulungi. Teebereza amadaala aga spiral agazingira ku mpagi —ekyo wuzi bw’efaanana ku sikulaapu oba mu bbaalu.

Omulimu gwa threads mu nkola za bulijjo .

Threads zikulu nnyo kubanga zikozesebwa mu nkola ezitabalika ezikwata ku bulamu bwaffe obwa bulijjo. Bano be bazira mu bisiikirize, nga bakakasa nti ebintu tebigwamu. Laba lwaki bikulu nnyo:

l Okukwata ebintu awamu : Okuva ku bintu by’omu nnyumba okutuuka ku byuma, obuwuzi bukozesebwa mu bisiba obuwuzi  nga sikulaapu ne bulooti okukuuma ebitundu nga bikwatagana bulungi ku birala.

l Okufuga amazzi : Mu makolero g’amazzi n’amaanyi , obuwuzi bukakasa nti ebikozesebwa mu payipu  ne ttanka  tebikulukuta, ekintu ekikulu ennyo eri enkola ezitambuza amazzi, amafuta, oba ggaasi.

l Precision in Devices : Mu byuma ebituufu, gamba nga mu byuma eby’obujjanjabi, obutuufu bw’obunene bw’obuwuzi bukulu  okukakasa nti bikola bulungi n’obukuumi.

Ebika by'obuwuzi obumanyiddwa .

Waliwo ebika by’emiguwa eby’enjawulo bingi  , nga buli kimu kirina enkozesa n’engeri zaabyo ezenjawulo. Wano waliwo ebitonotono:

l Obuwuzi bwa payipu obw’Amerika : Zino zikozesebwa mu North America okusiba ebiyungo bya payipu  .

l SAE Unified Threads : Omutindo gwa sikulaapu  etera okukozesebwa mu mulimu gw'emmotoka.

l Metric ISO Thread : Omutindo gwa metric thread  ogukozesebwa ennyo mu nsi yonna.

Okuzuula obuwuzi .

To designate the thread , ojja kwetaaga okumanya ebipimo ebikulu ebitonotono:

l Major Diameter : esinga obunene Outer diameter  mu wuzi y’ekisajja ..

L minor diameter : diameter esinga obutono, esangibwa wansi ku thread groove ..

l Diameter ya pitch : Eno ye diameter ya cylinder efumitiriza  eyita mu thread crests  za thread ensajja  n'oluwuzi groove  ya thread enkazi ..

Okuzuula obuwuzi  kiyinza okuba eky’amagezi, naye ebikozesebwa nga gauge ya pitch  bisobola okuyamba. Ekintu kino kipima thread pitch , nga kino kye bbanga okuva ku  emu thread crest  okutuuka ku kiddako mu axial plane ..

Lwaki thread geometry kikulu .

Ensengekera za geometry za wuzi zitegeeza amaanyi gaayo n’enkola yaalwo. Ebifaananyi by’obuwuzi  nga amannyo g’amannyo  n’eddoboozi ly’obuwuzi  bye bisalawo engeri obuwuzi gye bunaakwatamu n’amaanyi ga bwe gasobola okugumira. Okugeza, sikulaapu eriko emiguwa ebiri  ejja kugenda mu maaso emirundi ebiri ku sipiidi okusinga sikulaapu ey’omuguwa gumu ku buli kuzimbulukuka, nga egaba enkizo ey’ebyuma ..

Ebika by'obuwuzi mu bujjuvu .

l thread parallel  ne tapered thread  bye biti bibiri ebikulu. Obuwuzi obukwatagana  bukuuma dayamita y’emu wonna, ate obuwuzi obuliko enkokola  bufunda, ekiyamba mu kutondawo ebisiba ebinywevu.

l Emiguwa egy’omukono ogwa ddyo  gye gisinga okumanyibwa, ng’okukyusa obuwuzi mu ssaawa. Emiguwa egy’omukono ogwa kkono  tegitera kubaawo era ginywezebwa mu kkubo ery’ekikontana.

Okutegeera obuwuzi  n’ebipimo byazo ebya geometry  kyetaagisa kubanga bye bizimba ebitwetoolodde bingi nnyo. Okuva ku kukwata awamu ebitundu by’akazannyo k’omwana okutuuka ku kulaba ng’ennyonyi erimu obukuumi, obuwuzi bukola kinene nnyo mu nsi yaffe. As we delve into the specifics of thread design , jjukira nti obuwundo buno obutono bwa maanyi mu bukulu bwabwo.

 

Okugabanya obuwuzi .

Okuteeka vs. transmission vs. obuwuzi obutambuza .

Nga twogera ku bika bya thread , kyetaagisa okutegeera emirimu gyazo emikulu.

Emiguwa egy’okussaako  gitera okukozesebwa okunyweza ebitundu. Lowooza ku sikulaapu eziri ku kkeesi ya kompyuta; Zikoleddwa okukwata ebitundu mu kifo.

obuwuzi obutambuza amasannyalaze , bukulu mu nkola ezitambuza amaanyi. Ate Emiguwa gino gisangibwa mu bikulukusi by’ebyuma ebikulembera, nga geometry yazo esobozesa okukyusa entambula y’okuzimbulukuka mu ntambula ya layini.

Emiguwa gy’entambula  gya njawulo katono. Bakola kinene nnyo mu mulimu gw’okukola amaanyi g’amazzi . Threads zino zikoleddwa okukola seal mu payipu  ne tube fittings , okukakasa okutambuza amazzi oba ggaasi mu ngeri ennungi era ennungi. Buli kika kya thread kikolebwa yinginiya olw’ekigendererwa kyakyo ekigere, era okuzuula wuzi  kikulu nnyo mu nkola okukakasa okukwatagana n’okukola.

Omukono ogwa ddyo (RH) n’ogw’omukono ogwa kkono (LH): Enjawulo n’enkozesa .

Emiguwa giyinza okugabanyizibwamu nga wuzi za ddyo (RH)  oba obuwuzi obwa kkono (LH) . Enjawulo nnyangu naye nga ya mugaso nnyo. RH threads  zinyweza essaawa, nga eno ye ndagiriro ya mutindo eri ebisinga obungi ebisiba obuwuzi . Kumpi buli sikulaapu oba ekisumuluzo kya bulijjo ky’osanga kirabika kijja kuba n’obuwuzi bwa RH. LH Threads , ku ludda olulala, nyweza mu ngeri etali ya ssaawa era tezitera kubaawo. Zikozesebwa mu mbeera ng’amaanyi ag’enzitowerera gayinza okuleeta akawuzi ka RH okusumulula, gamba nga ku ludda olwa kkono olw’akagaali k’obugaali.

l Emiguwa egy'omukono ogwa ddyo :

¡ nyweza essaawa .

¡ Okusinga thread ya screw . okukozesa

l Emiguwa egy'omukono ogwa kkono :

¡ Okunyweza mu ngeri etali ya ssaawa .

¡ Okukozesa okw’enjawulo okuziyiza okusumululwa .

Emiguwa gya payipu: engeri n’okukozesa .

Obuwuzi bwa payipu  bujja mu bika bibiri ebikulu: obuwuzi obuliko enkokola  ne parallel thread . tapered threads , nga National Taper Pipe (NPT) , bikoleddwa okukola seal by threads zennyini. Nga obuwuzi obusajja n’enkazi bwe bunywezebwa, bukola seal olw’okuyingirira. Kino kibafuula omulungi ennyo mu kukozesebwa okuzingiramu ggaasi oba amazzi agali ku puleesa.

Parallel threads , nga British Standard Pipe Parallel (BSPP) , zeetaaga ekirungo ekisiba, nga washer oba O-ring, okukakasa okuyungibwa okutayingiramu mazzi. Zitera okukozesebwa mu kukozesa puleesa eya wansi era nga okuyungibwa kuyinza okwetaaga okukuŋŋaanyizibwa n’okukutulwamu emirundi mingi.

l Emiguwa egya ttaapu : .

¡ Payipu y’eggwanga eya taper (NPT) .

Okusiba okutuukirizibwa okuyita mu kutaataaganyizibwa kw’obuwuzi .

Ekozesebwa mu nkola za puleesa enkulu .

l Emiguwa egy'enjawulo : .

¡ Payipu ya Bungereza ey’omutindo ogufaanana (BSPP) .

Yeetaaga ebirungo ebirala ebisiba .

Esaanira okukuŋŋaanya/okusasika emirundi mingi .

T hread size matters  era kikulu okulaga ekika ky’obuwuzi  mu butuufu okukakasa obulungi bw’okuyungibwa. Oba okukola n’obuwuzi bwa payipu obw’Amerika , SAE Unified Threads , oba Metric ISO thread , obutuufu enkola y’okuzuula obuwuzi  kikulu nnyo. Ebikozesebwa nga pitch gauge  ne caliper  bisobola okuyamba mu nkola eno, okunywerera ku mutindo gw’amakolero  ku nominal size profile n’okukakasa  entuufu thread design  ku nkola.

 

Ebika by'obuwuzi bwa ISO .

ISO Metric Thread (M): Ebintu n'okukozesa .

ISO metric thread, etera okuyitibwa m , kika kya wuzi ya bonna . Ekozesebwa mu nsi yonna, ye thread etuukiridde  olw'ebigendererwa eby'awamu. Diameter ya pitch  ne major diameter  bye bintu ebikulu eby’obuwuzi obw’ekika kino obw’ekika kya . metric  byettanira nnyo olw’obwangu bwabwo n’obwangu bw’okuzuula obuwuzi ..

Okukozesa mulimu: - Ebyuma - Amakolero Agakola Automotive - Ebintu ebikozesebwa

Metric threads ziwa bbalansi y’amaanyi n’okukola ebintu bingi, ekizifuula ekimu ku bika by’obuwuzi ebikulu  mu kukola.

ISO metric fine thread (MF): Okutegeera enjawulo .

ISO metric fine thread , oba mf , eyawukana ku thread ya M eya mutindo mu ddoboozi lyayo . Ekisaawe .  kirungi, ekitegeeza nti obuwuzi  buba kumpi Kino kivaamu omuwendo gw’obuwuzi obusingako  ku buli yuniti y’obuwanvu. Thread ennungi  egaba okufuga okusinga obulungi era nga nnungi nnyo okukozesebwa awali precision enkulu.

Enjawulo enkulu mulimu: - Ekisaawe ekitono  - Obunene bw'obuwuzi obunywevu  - Amaanyi amangi mu binnya ebikubiddwa

Metric fine threads  zitera okukozesebwa mu makolero g’amazzi n’amaanyi  ne mu nkola ezeetaaga okutereeza obulungi.

Steel Conduit thread (PG): Ebyafaayo n'enkozesa eriwo kati

Omudumu gw’ekyuma , ogumanyiddwa nga PG , gulina amakulu mu byafaayo. Yasibuka mu Girimaani era nga yakozesebwa nnyo mu Bulaaya yonna okusobola okugikozesa mu ngeri ey’amasannyalaze. Leero, PG threads  zirina enkola ezenjawulo  mu makolero, okukakasa obukuumi era obwesigika okuyungibwa.

Enkozesa eriwo kati erimu: - Ebikozesebwa mu masannyalaze - Enkola z'emikutu - Ebikozesebwa

Wadde nga waliwo PG  eby’enjawulo ebika by’emiguwa , esigala  nga ekwatagana olw’omutindo gw’amakolero n’enkola ez’edda.

Trapezoidal thread (TR): dizayini n'emirimu .

Trapezoidal thread , etegekeddwa nga Tr , emanyiddwa olw’enkula y’erinnyo lyayo erya trapezoidal. Dizayini eno ekuwa enkizo ya makanika ennywevu , ekigifuula esaanira emigugu emizito n’ebikulukusi mu byuma.

Emirimu mulimu: - Okutambuza amaanyi - Okukyusa entambula okuva mu nzito

Thread ya trapezoidal  kika kya thread ekya bulijjo  mu kukola enkola za drive. Geometry yaayo esobozesa okusaasaanya emigugu mu kitundu ekinene, okutumbula obuwangaazi n’obulamu bw’obuwuzi.

Mu kitundu kino kyonna, tukwata ku bika bya ISO thread  nga Metric ISO thread , ISO metric fine thread , n'ebirala. Kikulu nnyo okulaga thread  mu butuufu ku nkola egenderere, nga sayizi y'obuwuzi bw'egamba . Ebikozesebwa nga pitch gauge  ne caliper  bya muwendo nnyo ku nkola y’okuzuula thread , okukakasa okukwatagana n’enkola mu bitundu ebirimu emitwe ..

Ebika by'obuwuzi bw'Amerika .

Unified National Coarse Thread (UNC): Okulambika .

Bwe twogera ku bika by'obuwuzi bw'Amerika , thread ya Unified National Coarse , oba UNC , y'emu ku bika by'obuwuzi ebikulu . Omutindo ogutegeeza ensengekera ya helical ey'ebisiba obuwuzi . UNC .  emanyiddwa olw’eddoboozi lyayo erigazi  okusinga ebika ebirala, ekigifuula esaanira okukozesebwa mu bintu eby’enjawulo Sayizi ya thread  wano, era dizayini ya UNC efuula obutasalako-thread ate nga nnyangu okukwata.

Unified National Fine Thread (UNF): Ebikwata ku nsonga eno n’enkozesa

Ku luuyi olulala, Unified National Fine Thread  oba UNF erina  entono ey’eddoboozi diameter . Kino kitegeeza nti obuwuzi  buba kumpi nnyo. UNF etera okukozesebwa  ng’amaanyi n’obutuufu obw’ekika ekya waggulu bwetaagibwa. Kitera okubeera mu mulimu gw’okukola amaanyi g’amazzi  kubanga obuwuzi obusinga obulungi  buwa obukuumi ate nga bunywevu. Kikulu nnyo okutegeeza obulungi thread  nga okolagana ne UNF  okukakasa okukwatagana n'okukola.

Unified National Special Thread (UNS): Ebifaananyi eby’enjawulo

Unified National Special Thread  oba UNS  kye kika ekirala eky’obuwuzi bw’Amerika  obusinga okulabika olw’engeri gye kikoleddwaamu mu ngeri ey’enjawulo. UNS  si ya mutindo nga UNC  oba UNF , okusobozesa enjawulo mu thread pitch  ne diameter. Obugonvu buno bufuula unS  okugenda mu nkola ez’enjawulo nga sayizi z’obuwuzi eza bulijjo  tezimala. Okuzuula thread  ku UNS  kyetaagisa okupima okutuufu, emirundi mingi okukozesa ekipima eddoboozi  oba kalifuuwa ..

National taper pipe threads (NPT ne NPTF)

dash size (nominal size)	thread pitch	ekisajja thread od mm	ekisajja od inches omukazi	thread mm mm	thread omukazi ID inches
-02 (1/8) .	27	10.3	0.41	9.4	0.37
-04 (1/4) .	18	13.7	0.54	12.4	0.49
-06 (3/8)	18	17.3	0.68	15.7	0.62
-08 (1/2) .	14	21.3	0.84	19.3	0.76
-10 (5/8) .	14	22.9	0.90	21.1	0.83
-12 (3/4) .	14	26.9	1.06	24.9	0.98
-16 (1) .	111⁄2 .	33.3	1.31	31.5	1.24
-20 (1 1⁄4) .	111⁄2 .	42.2	1.66	40.1	1.58
-24 (1 1⁄2) .	111⁄2 .	48.3	1.90	46.2	1.82
-32 (2) .	111⁄2 .	60.4	2.38	57.9	2.29

**OD = dayamita ey'ebweru ID = dayamita y'omunda .

Okugenda ku American Pipe Threads , obuwuzi bwa payipu ya National Taper  bukulu nnyo. Waliwo ebika bibiri ebikulu: NPT  ne NPTF . Zombi zibeera thread  types ekitegeeza nti zikola seal kuba zinywezebwa. NPT , oba National Taper Pipe , kya bulijjo era kyetaagisa okusiba okusiba okw’enjawulo. NPTF , oba National Taper Pipe Dryseal , ekoleddwa okukola ekisiba ekinywevu nga tewali bikozesebwa bya kusiba ebirala. NPT  ne NPTF  zeetaagisa nnyo mu makolero g’amazzi-amaanyi  ag’ebintu ebikozesebwa mu hoosi , kukola , n’okuyungibwa kwa payipu  . Ekipima eddoboozi ly’obuwuzi  kye kimu ku bikozesebwa ebikulu mu nkola y’okuzuula obuwuzi  mu nkola zombi eza NPT  ne NPTF  .

Okutegeera ebika bino eby’obuwuzi bw’Amerika  kikulu nnyo eri abakugu mu makolero mangi. SAE unified threads , omuli UNC , UNF , ne UNS , wamu ne NPT  ne NPTF , zikola emirimu emikulu mu kutondawo ebisiba ebiriko obuwuzi  n'okukwatagana n'okukwatagana . Okuzuula obulungi obuwuzi  kukakasa nti ebitundu bikwatagana bulungi era bikola nga bwe kigendereddwa.

Emiguwa gya Whitworth egy'e Bungereza .

Omutindo gwa Bungereza Whitworth Coarse (BSW/WW)

Omutindo gwa Bungereza ogwa Whitworth Coarse (BSW) , ogutera okuyitibwa WW  ku Whitworth, ye thread profile erimu ebyafaayo ebigagga. Yali nkola ya thread eya mutindo eyasooka mu nsi yonna  , eyakolebwa Joseph Whitworth  mu 1841. Dizayini yali ya nkyukakyuka, ng’eteekawo omutindo gw’ebisiba obuwuzi  mu bwakabaka bwa Bungereza n’okusingawo. The Whitworth thread  yafuuka ekimu ku bika by’obuwuzi ebikulu , emanyiddwa olw’obuwuzi bwayo obwa diguli 55  n’ebikondo ebyetooloovu n’ebikoola. Enkola eno ey’ebyafaayo ey’obuwuzi yateekawo omusingi gw’ebika by’obuwuzi bingi ebya bulijjo  bye tulaba leero.

Omutindo gw'e Bungereza (BSF) .

Nga tugenda ku British Standard Fine (BSF) , ekika kya thread kino mu bukulu kibeera kisinga bulungi mu BSW. Nga erina ettono eddoboozi , nga lino lye bbanga wakati w'obuwuzi obuli okumpi , BSF yakolebwa okusobola okuwa omutindo ogw'oku ntikko n'amaanyi mu nkola nga obunene bw'obuwuzi bukulu . Diameter enkulu  esigala nga BSW, naye eddoboozi erisingako obulungi lisobozesa obuwuzi obusingako buli yinsi, ekivvuunulwa nti kituukira ddala bulungi, nga kinywevu. BSF  etera okukozesebwa mu by’emmotoka, nga precision y’ekulu.

British standard payipu (bsp/g)

dash size (nominal size)	thread pitch	ekisajja thread od mm	ekisajja od inches ekikazi	thread mm	ekikazi thread id inches
-02 (1/8) .	28	9.7	0.38	8.9	0.35
-04 (1/4) .	19	13.2	0.52	11.9	0.47
-06 (3/8)	19	16.5	0.65	15.2	0.60
-08 (1/2) .	14	20.8	0.82	19.1	0.75
-10 (5/8) .	14	22.4	0.88	20.3	0.80
-12 (3/4) .	14	26.4	1.04	24.6	0.97
-16 (1) .	11	33.0	1.30	31.0	1.22
-20 (1 1⁄4) .	11	41.9	1.65	39.6	1.56
-24 (1 1⁄2) .	11	47.8	1.88	45.5	1.79
-32 (2) .	11	59.7	2.35	57.4	2.26

British Standard Pipe (BSP) , era emanyiddwa nga G , kika kya parallel thread  etera okukozesebwa mu makolero ga fluid-power . Okwawukana ku wuzi za taper, obuwuzi bwa BSP bukuuma dayamita y’emu okuva ku nkomerero okutuuka ku nkomerero, ekizifuula obuwuzi obukwatagana . Dizayini eno nsonga nkulu nnyo ku hoosi fittings  ne tube fittings , awali seal  ekwatagana. BSP etera okugeraageranyizibwa ku wuzi za payipu z’Amerika , naye tezikyusibwakyusibwa olw’enjawulo mu nkola y’obuwuzi n’eddoboozi.

British Standard Payipu Taper (BSPT/R)

BSP thread size	ebweru diameter	TPI .
BSP ya yinsi 1/16 .	mm 7.7 / 0.304′′ .	28
BSP ya yinsi 1/8 .	mm 9.7 / 0.383′′ .	28
BSP ya yinsi 1/4 .	13.16 mm / 0.518′′ .	19
BSP ya yinsi 3/8 .	mm 16.66 / 0.656′′ .	19
BSP ya yinsi 1/2 .	mm 20.99 / 0.825′′ .	14
BSP ya yinsi 5/8 .	mm 22.99 / 0.902′′ .	14
BSP ya yinsi 3/4 .	mm 26.44 / 1.041′′ .	14
BSP ya yinsi 7/8 .	mm 30.20 / 1.189′′ .	14
BSP ya yinsi emu .	33.25 mm / 1.309′′ .	11
BSP ya yinsi 1-1/4 .	mm 41.91 / 1.650′′ .	11
BSP ya yinsi 1-1/2 .	mm 47.80 / 1.882′′ .	11
BSP ya yinsi 2 .	mm 59.61 / 2.347′′ .	11
BSP ya yinsi 2-1/4 .	65.71 mm / 2.587′′ .	11
BSP ya yinsi 2-1/2 .	75.18 mm / 2.96′′ .	11
BSP ya yinsi 3 .	mm 87.88 / 3.46′′ .	11
BSP ya yinsi 4 .	113.03 mm / 4.45′′ .	11
BSP ya yinsi 5 .	mm 138.43 / 5.45′′ .	11
BSP ya yinsi 6 .	mm 163.83 / 6.45′′ .	11

Ekisembayo, British Standard Pipe Taper (BSPT) , emanyiddwa nga R , ye wuzi eriko enkokola  ekozesebwa mu kuyungibwa kwa payipu kungi  . Taper ekola seal  nga ekaka obuwuzi bw’obuwuzi  mu bw’ekisajja  wuzi enkazi , ekisobozesa okukwata amazzi. BSPT is particularly prevalent in the fluid-power industry , nga okuziyiza okuvuba  kikulu nnyo. Enkoona eriko enkokola  ekakasa nti buli wuzi enywezebwa mu kiddako, egaba okuyungibwa okwesigika ku ya payipu , ttanka , n’okuyungibwa okukwatagana ..

Mu buli emu ku zino ez’obuwuzi bwa Whitworth ez’e Bungereza , ez’obuwuzi  kikulu nnyo. Ebikozesebwa nga pitch gauge  oba caliper  bitera okukozesebwa okulaga  ekika ky’obuwuzi n’obunene. Okutegeera ebipimo bya geometric  eby’obuwuzi buno, okuva ku dayamita ennene  okutuuka ku dayamita y’eddoboozi , kyetaagisa nnyo okukakasa okukwatagana n’enkola mu nkuŋŋaana eziriko obuwuzi. Ka kibeere mu byuma eby’ebyafaayo oba okukozesebwa okw’omulembe, obuwuzi obw’omutindo gw’e Bungereza  busigala nga bukulu nnyo mu makolero ag’enjawulo, nga biyimiridde ku mabbali g’ebika ebirala ebikulu eby’obuwuzi  nga ISO thread types , metric ISO thread , n’ebika by’obuwuzi bw’Amerika ..

obuwuzi bwa payipu .

Okutegeera obuwuzi bwa payipu mu bifo ebiteekebwamu amazzi ne ggaasi .

Obuwuzi bwa payipu bukulu nnyo mu kukakasa ebiyungo ebiziyiza okukulukuta mu kuteeka amazzi mu ppipa n’okuteeka ggaasi. Zikola ng’ekitundu ekikulu mu kugatta payipu, vvaalu, n’ebintu ebikozesebwa obulungi. Sayizi y’obuwuzi  mu nkola zino, kubanga erina okukwatagana n’omuwendo gw’amazzi agakulukuta n’ebyetaago bya puleesa eby’enkola.

Tapered vs. conical payipu .

Bwe twogera ku wuzi za payipu , tutera okujuliza ebika bibiri eby’enjawulo: thread eya tapered  ne conical thread . The tapered thread , era emanyiddwa nga National Taper Pipe (NPT) , mpolampola ekendeera mu diameter okuva ku nkomerero emu, nga egaba seal ennywevu nga threads zikwatagana. Conical threads  zifaanagana naye zirina slight cone shape, nga zongera amaanyi ag’enjawulo ku connection.

Emiguwa gya payipu egya tapered  gitera okukozesebwa mu makolero agakola amaanyi g’amazzi . Zikola akabonero nga ziyita mu kutaataaganyizibwa kw’obuwuzi. Pipe dope  oba teflon tape  etera okukola nga sealing agents okukakasa okuyungibwa okutaliimu kukulukuta.

Okwawukana ku ekyo, obuwuzi bwa payipu ya conical  tebutera kubaawo naye nga bukyali bukulu. Zitera okusangibwa mu nkola ezenjawulo nga puleesa n’amaanyi g’ebyuma byetagisa biri waggulu.

Okuzuula obuwuzi bwa payipu .

Okuzuula obuwuzi  kikulu nnyo mu kuddaabiriza n’okukuŋŋaanya enkola za payipu. Pitch gauge  oba caliper  esobola okukozesebwa okulaga ekika kya thread  ne size. Okugeza, obuwuzi bwa payipu obw’Amerika  n’obuwuzi obugatta SAE  bye bika by’obuwuzi ebya bulijjo  ebirina engeri ez’enjawulo.

Ebika by’obuwuzi bw’Amerika  nga NPT  bikozesebwa nnyo okwetoloola North America. Bagoberera omutindo gwa Unified Thread , nga muno mulimu Unified National Coarse Thread (UNC)  ne Unified National Fine Thread (UNF).

British Standard Pipe Taper (BSPT)  ne British Standard Whitworth (BSW)  threads, omuli British Standard Whitworth Coarse (BSWC) , bye bika by’obuwuzi bw’Abangereza  ebirina emigaso egy’enjawulo naddala mu Bungereza ne Commonwealth.

Ebipimo by'obuwuzi n'ebikozesebwa .

Diameter y’eddoboozi ly’obuwuzi  bwa payipu  kye kipimo ekikulu. Ye dayamita  ya ssiringi ey’okulowooza  ng’obuwanvu bw’obuwuzi  bwenkana n’ekifo ky’obuwuzi . Okufuna ebipimo ebituufu, kipima eddoboozi  oba kalifuuwa  kikozesebwa.

Emiguwa ensajja  n’obuwuzi obukazi  bye bigambo ebikozesebwa okunnyonnyola obuwanvu bw’obuwuzi obw’ebweru  n’obuwuzi obw’omunda , mu kulondako. Obuwuzi obusajja  busangibwa ebweru wa payipu oba ebikozesebwa, ate obuwuzi obukazi  buli munda.

Emiguwa egy’omukono ogwa ddyo  gwe mutindo mu mulimu guno, obuwuzi we bunywezebwa  mu ssaawa. Emiguwa egy’omukono ogwa kkono  tegitera kubaawo era ginyweza mu ngeri etali ya ssaawa.

Amagezi agakola ku kulonda obuwuzi bwa payipu .

l Bulijjo kozesa ekipima eddoboozi  okukakasa eddoboozi ly’obuwuzi  ne dayamita ..

l Kakasa nti obuwuzi obuliko enkokola  busibiddwa bulungi n’ekirungo ekisiba ..

l Ku lw’okukozesa kwa puleesa enkulu, lowooza ku threads za conical  olw’amaanyi gazo agayongezeddwa.

l Beera mumanyi ku mutindo gw’amakolero  ku kika ky’okussaako ekigere ky’okola.

l Kozesa enkola entuufu ey’okuzuula obuwuzi  okuziyiza okuyungibwa okutakwatagana.

Okutegeera enjawulo wakati w’obuwuzi bwa payipu obuliko enkokola  kyetaagisa nnyo eri omuntu yenna mu bifo eby’okuteeka amazzi oba ggaasi. Okuzuula obulungi obuwuzi  n’okulonda kuyinza okuziyiza okukulukuta, okukakasa obulungi bw’enkola, n’okukuuma omutindo gw’obukuumi mu nkola zino enkulu.

 

Ebika by'obuwuzi eby'omulembe .

Bwe kituuka ku bika by’obuwuzi, abasinga obungi ku ffe tumanyi ebika ebya bulijjo bye tusanga mu bintu ebya bulijjo nga boluti n’obuti. Naye, waliwo ensi y'ebika by'obuwuzi ebizibu ennyo ebikola emirimu emikulu mu makolero ag'enjawulo. Ka tusitule mu bimu ku bika bino eby’obuwuzi eby’omulembe n’enkola zaabyo ez’enjawulo.

ACME threads .

Obuwuzi bwa ACME bumanyiddwa olw’engeri gye bufaananamu trapezoidal, ekizifuula ez’amaanyi era ezituukira ddala ku migugu emizito okusinga obuwuzi bwa sikulaapu obusinga obungi . Zitera okusangibwa mu byuma nga vices ne jacks awali amaanyi n’okuwangaala okusinga.

Emiguwa gy'enkokola .

Emiguwa gy’enkokola gya njawulo n’ebikondo byabwe ebyetooloovu n’ebikoola. Zitera okukozesebwa mu mbeera nga threads ziyinza okubeera nga zikwatibwa mu ngeri enkambwe oba nga zeetaaga okwanguyirwa okuyonja, gamba nga mu by’emmere n’ebyokunywa ..

obuwuzi bwa buttress .

Buttress threads zirina dizayini esobozesa okutambuza amaanyi amangi mu ludda olumu. Zino ze thread ya go-to for applications nga presses  nga weetaaga threads okukwata amaanyi mangi mu linear direction.

obuwuzi bw’ensowera .

Emiguwa gy’ensowera gyetaagisa nnyo mu nkola awali entambula y’enzitowerera eyeetaaga okukyusa okufuuka eya layini. Zino kitundu kikulu nnyo mu nkola za ggiya, gamba ng’ezo ezisangibwa mu bikozesebwa mu kulongoosa oba mu lifuti.

Okusaba okw'enjawulo .

Buli kika kya thread eky’omulembe kikola ekigendererwa ekigere, ekitera okutuukagana n’ebyetaago by’amakolero ag’enjawulo.

l obuwuzi bwa acme si bwa maanyi bwokka; Era bawaayo precision, ekizifuula ideal mu fluid-power industry ..

l Emiguwa gy’enkokola, n’obusobozi bwagyo okuziyiza okwonooneka, gikulu nnyo mu by’obulimi  ebyuma we byolekedde embeera enkambwe.

l Buttress threads tekyetaagisa mu byuma ebikola ebyuma  olw’obusobozi bwazo okugumira high axial thrust.

l worm threads are the backbone of motion control systems , nga zikola omulimu omukulu mu bitundu nga automotive ne aerospace.

amakolero nga threads zino zikulu nnyo .

Ebika by’obuwuzi eby’omulembe si bya kukola kwokka; Zikwata ku butuufu n’okwesigamizibwa mu mbeera ezirimu emigabo mingi.

l Amakolero g’ennyonyi  geesigamye ku miguwa gino egy’enjawulo olw’obukuumi n’enkola y’ebitundu by’ennyonyi.

l Mu makolero g’oku nnyanja , okuwangaala kw’obuwuzi buno kyetaagisa nnyo okusobola okugumira embeera z’amazzi g’omunnyo agakulukuta.

l Ennimiro y’ebyobujjanjabi  ekozesa obuwuzi obw’omulembe mu byuma ebikekkereza obulamu, nga okulemererwa si nkola.

l Ekitongole ky’amasannyalaze  kisinziira ku wuzi zino ez’okuddaabiriza n’okukola ebyuma ebizito.

Wadde nga ebika bya bulijjo eby’obuwuzi  nga ISO metric thread  oba American pipe threads  bimanyiddwa bulungi, bino threads ez’omulembe ezitera okutwala limelight mu specialized applications. thread size matters , era bwe kityo n'ekika ky'obuwuzi obukozesebwa. Ka kibeere wuzi ya ACME mu  ya lathe oba worm wuzi  mu ggiya, okutegeera ebika bino ebikulu eby’obuwuzi  kyetaagisa nnyo eri bayinginiya n’abakugu mu makolero gonna. Okulonda thread entuufu —ka kibeere parallel thread  oba tapered thread —kisobola okukola enjawulo yonna mu performance n’obuwangaazi bw’ebitundu ebiriko obuwuzi.

Geometric parameters za threads .

Okutegeera ebipimo bya geometric of threads  kikulu nnyo eri omuntu yenna akola ne threaded parts . Oba oli mu makolero ga fluid-power  oba okukola ku thread fasteners , okumanya parameters zino kikakasa okukwatagana n'enkola.

Diameters ennene n’entono .

etegeeza Dyaamu enkulu  dayamita y'ebintu esinga obunene  ey'oluwuzi lwa sikulaapu . Ye dayamita ey'ebweru  ey'obuwuzi bw'omusajja  oba dayamita esinga obunene ey'obuwuzi bw'omukazi . Okwawukana ku ekyo, dayamita entono  ye dayamita esinga obutono mu wuzi. Ye dayamita ya ssiringi ey’okulowooza  emala kukwata ku bikondo by’obuwuzi  ku wuzi ey’ebweru  oba ekisenge ky’obuwuzi  ku sayizi y’obuwuzi bw’obuwuzi obw’omunda . obukulu ; N’olwekyo, okufuna dayamita zino mu butuufu kikulu nnyo.

Ditch diameter n'obukulu bwayo .

Diameter y’eddoboozi (pitch diameter)  ye paramita enkulu ebeera wakati wa dayamita ennene n’entono. Ye dayamita ya ssilindala ey’okulowooza (imaginary co-axial cylinder)  nga ebanga  okuva ku dayamita y’eddoboozi (pitch diameter intercept)  ku ludda olumu okutuuka ku ddoboozi ly’obuwuzi  ku ludda olulala lyenkanawa. Diameter ya pitch  yeetaagibwa nnyo kuba eyamba okulaga thread  n’okukakasa nti ekwatagana bulungi ..

Thread Pitch n'enkola zaayo .

Thread pitch  ye bbanga lya layini  wakati w'ebitundu bibiri ebiriraanye  ku wuzi mu nnyonyi ey'ekyekulungirivu . Kipimo butereevu eky'omuwendo gw'obuwuzi buli yuniti y'obuwanvu era kikulu nnyo mu kuzuula obuwuzi . Mu nkola ya metric , eddoboozi litegeezebwa mu milimita, ate mu nkola ezesigamiziddwa ku yuniti  nga SAE unified threads  oba American pipe threads , eraga ng’omuwendo gwa threads buli yinsi. Pitch gauges  zitera okukozesebwa okupima parameter eno mu butuufu.

Okutegeera Thread Lead .

Lead  ye bbanga wuzi ya sikulaapu gy’etambulira ku kikondo kyayo n’okuzimbulukuka okumu okujjuvu. Ku sikulaapu ey’omuguwa gumu, okukulembera kwe kumu n’ekisaawe. Wabula ku sikulaapu eriko emiguwa ebiri , okukulembera kukubisaamu emirundi ebiri ekisaawe. Endowooza eno nkulu eri okukozesebwa okwetaaga enkizo mu byuma ..

Enkoona y’amannyo n’enkoona eriko obuwuzi .

Enkoona y'amannyo , era emanyiddwa nga enkoona eriko obuwuzi , ye nkoona wakati w'enjuyi z'obuwuzi . egy’enjawulo Ebika by’emiguwa  nga Metric ISO thread , British Whitworth threads , oba unified thread standard  zirina enkoona ez’omutindo ez’enjawulo. Okugeza, obuwuzi bwa metric  butera okuba n’enkoona ya diguli 60  , ate obuwuzi bwa Whitworth obw’omutindo gwa Bungereza obw’omutindo gwa Whitworth  bulina enkoona ya diguli 55  . Enkula y’erinnyo  n’enkoona bikosa geometry y’obuwuzi  n’amaanyi gaayo.

Ebipimo bya geometric nga major diameter , minor diameter , diameter , thread pitch , ne tooth angle  bikola kinene mu thread design . Parameters zino zikozesebwa mu bika eby'enjawulo , omuli  bya threads parallel thread , tapered thread , thread thread , n'ebika by'obuwuzi bwa America . Okutegeera obulungi n'okupima ebipimo bino nga tukozesa ebikozesebwa nga kalifuuwa  n'ebipima eddoboozi  byetaagisa nnyo okukakasa enkola entuufu ey'okuzuula obuwuzi  n'okukwatagana mu fittings  nga hose fittings , pipe , ne tube fittings . Jjukira, mu nsi ya threads , precision kikulu.

Omutendera ku mutendera ogulaga okuzuula obuwuzi .

Omutendera 1: Okwawula wakati wa parallel ne tapered threads .

Nga okolagana ne threads , kikulu nnyo okumanya oba okola ne parallel  oba tapered thread  types. Obuwuzi obukwatagana  bukuuma dayamita y’emu okuva ku nkomerero okutuuka ku nkomerero, ate obuwuzi obuliko enkokola  bufunda, nga bukendeera nga bugenda ku nkomerero. Okubawa enjawulo, tunuulira nnyo. Parallel threads  zijja kulabika nga za kimu, ate nga threads eziteekeddwako tapered  zijja kulabika nga zikwatagana.

Okufuna enkola ey’ekikugu, kozesa kalifuuwa . Pima dayamita  ku nsonga ez’enjawulo ez’obuwuzi. Singa ebipimo biba bye bimu, kiba wuzi ya parallel . Singa zikendeera, ofunye thread eriko tapered . In the Fluid-Power Industry , okutegeera enjawulo eno kikulu nnyo okulaba nga kikwatagana ekituufu ..

Omutendera 2: Okupima eddoboozi ly’obuwuzi n’ekipima eddoboozi .

Ekisaawe ky’obuwuzi  kye bbanga eri wakati  w’ebikondo byayo. Okupima kino, ojja kukozesa ekipima eddoboozi . Ekintu kino kirina ebiso eby’enjawulo, nga buli kimu kirina amannyo ag’enjawulo buli yinsi. Okukwataganya ekipima n’ebikondo by’obuwuzi. Bwe kituuka obulungi, ozudde eddoboozi lyo . Omutendera guno kye kisumuluzo ku bika byombi ebya metric  n'ebika by'obuwuzi bw'Amerika ..

Omutendera 3: Okuzuula obunene bw’obuwuzi .

Okuzuula obunene bw’obuwuzi , pima dayamita enkulu —obuwanvu bw’ebintu obusinga obunene mu wuzi y’ekisajja  oba dayamita ey’ebweru  ey’oluwuzi olukazi. Kozesa kalifoomu  mu butuufu. Ekiddako, kebera ku thread profile . Kuno kw’ogatta ekifaananyi ky’amannyo  n’obuwuzi bwa geometry . metric ISO thread  ne SAE Unified Threads  bye bika by’obuwuzi ebya bulijjo , buli kimu nga kirina profile ez’enjawulo.

Omutendera 4: Okulonda thread okusinziira ku mutindo .

N’ekisembayo, londa thread  nga bwekiri ku mutindo gw’amakolero. Ojja kwetaaga okumanya erinnya lya NOMInal size profile , pitch , era oba nga thread ya mukono gwa ddyo  oba ogwa kkono . Emitendera egya bulijjo mulimu ISO Metric Thread , Omutindo gwa Bungereza Whitworth Coarse , ne Unified National Coarse Thread . Bulijjo laba omutindo gw'amakolero okulaga  obulungi thread ..

T hread size kikulu  mu kukakasa thread entuufu etuuka  ku nkola nga hose fittings  ne air compressor condensate filters . obulungi obuwuzi Okuzuula  ye jjinja ery’oku nsonda mu kutendeka okuddaabiriza  n’okutendeka tekinologiya  mu makolero nga geesigamye ku bitundu ebirina obuwuzi ..

Amagezi agakola ku kulonda ekika ky’obuwuzi ekituufu .

Bw’oba ​​olondawo emiguwa  gya pulojekiti yo, ensonga eziwerako zijja mu nkola. Kikulu nnyo okulowooza ku ebikozesebwa , kukwatagana kw'ebintu , n'omutindo gw'amakolero . Laba wano okumenyaamenya by'olina okukuuma mu birowoozo:

Ensonga z'olina okulowoozaako nga olondawo threads .

1. Okuzuula Thread : Kikulu nnyo okuzuula ekika ky'obuwuzi  mu butuufu. Kozesa ekipima ekisaawe  okuzuula eddoboozi ly’obuwuzi  ne kalifuuwa  okupima dayamita enkulu ..

2. Ebika eby'enjawulo : Manya ebika by'obuwuzi ebya bulijjo . Sheing it's ISO thread types , American thread types , oba British Whitworth threads , buli emu erina enkozesa yaayo entongole.

3. Fluid-Power Industry : Bwoba oli mu sector eno, SAE unified threads  ziyinza okuba go-to zo. Zikoleddwa ku mbeera za puleesa enkulu.

4. thread size matters : Bulijjo kakasa nti sayizi y'obuwuzi  ekwatagana n'okuyunga ku fitting . Sayizi enkyamu eyinza okuvaako okukulukuta oba okwonooneka kw’ekitundu.

5. Parallel thread  vs. tapered thread : tegeera enjawulo. Obuwuzi obukwatagana  bukuuma dayamita y’emu, ate obuwuzi obuliko enkokola  bufunda. Kino kikwata ku seal  n'engeri gye balagamu thread ..

6. Ditched diameter : Diameter ya pitch  ye key geometric parameter. Ye ssiringi ey’okulowooza  nga ebanga  wakati w’obuwuzi  lyenkanawa.

ensobi ezitera okwewala .

l Obutakwatagana obutakwatagana : Weewale okukozesa obuwuzi obusajja nga bulina  etali ntuufu wuzi enkazi . Kino kiyinza okuggyamu obuwuzi  oba okuleeta obuzibu.

l Okubuusa amaaso obulagirizi bw’omukono : Emiguwa egy’omukono ogwa ddyo  gisinga kubeera gya bulijjo, naye obuwuzi obw’omukono ogwa kkono  bukozesebwa mu nkola ezimu. Tozitabula.

l Emitendera egy’okubuusa amaaso : Omutindo gw’amakolero , nga Unified Thread Standard  oba ISO Metric Thread , kakasa nti zikwatagana. Tobasuulirira.

l Okusuulirira ebintu : Ebintu ebisiba obuwuzi  birina okukwatagana n’ebitundu bye biyunga. Ebintu ebitali bikwatagana bisobola okuvunda oba okulemererwa.

l Okwerabira Ebikozesebwa mu kuzuula obuwuzi : Ebikozesebwa nga ekipima eddoboozi ly’obuwuzi  byetaagisa. Ziyamba okwewala ensobi mu kuzuula thread ..

Jjukira nti enkola y’okuzuula obuwuzi telina kutwalibwa nga ya kimpowooze. Ye musingi gw'okuyungibwa okunywevu era okukola. Okugeza, mu makolero g’amazzi n’amaanyi, okukozesa ekika kya thread ekikyamu ku hose fittings oba tube fittings kiyinza okuvaako okukulukuta okw’akatyabaga.

Okulonda ekika ky’obuwuzi obutuufu nakyo kitegeeza okulowooza ku dizayini y’obuwuzi. Ku biyungo bya payipu, National Taper Pipe (NPT) ne British Standard Pipe Taper (BSPT) bikulu ebika by’obuwuzi. Bakozesa obuwuzi bwa payipu obuliko enkokola n’obukomo okusobola okusiba obulungi.

Okwawukana ku ekyo, enkola ezeetaaga emiguwa egy’enjawulo giyinza okukozesa ISO metric thread oba Unified National Coarse Thread (UNC). Bino bikakasa nti dayamita ey’ebweru ekwatagana okuyita ku bitundu ebirimu obuwuzi.

Ekisembayo, tewerabira ku ndabirira y’okuteebereza n’okutendekebwa mu tekinologiya. Okusigala mu maaso ne IoT ey’amakolero kiyinza okukuyamba okulonda ekika ky’obuwuzi ekituufu n’okugikuuma obulungi. Era wadde nga empewo compressor condensate filters ziyinza okulabika nga ezitaliiko kakwate, nazo zeesigamye ku kulonda kwa thread okutuufu okukola obulungi.

Mu bufunzi

Tutambudde mu nsi enzibu ennyo ey’obuwuzi, nga twekenneenya obutonotono obufuula buli kika eky’enjawulo. Okuva ku wuzi za payipu z’Amerika okutuuka ku wuzi za Metric ISO, okutegeera ebika by’obuwuzi eby’enjawulo si bya nsoma byokka —kyetaagisa kya nkola. Mu makolero nga fluid-power oba manufacturing, okumanya SAE unified threads zo okuva mu British Whitworth threads zo kiyinza okutegeeza enjawulo wakati w’okukwatagana okutuukiridde n’ensobi ey’ebbeeyi.

Lowooza ku kino a call to action: Kozesa obukugu bwo mu kuzuula thread okutumbula omulimu gwo. Ka obe nga okola dizayini ya hoosi oba okulonda payipu entuufu ey’ebintu ebikozesebwa mu ttanka, jjukira nti sayizi y’obuwuzi y’esinga obukulu. Nga olina pitch gauge ne caliper mu ngalo, olina ebyuma okulaga obuwuzi n’obwesige.

Ku abo abali mu nnimiro, enkola y'okuzuula thread si ya kufuna muyungiro gwa fitting omutuufu gwokka; Kikwata ku kulaba ng’obukuumi n’obulungi bwabyo. Emitendera gy’amakolero giriwo okutulungamya, n’ebikozesebwa nga thread pitch gauge aid mu kukuuma omutindo ogwo. Jjukira nti ebika by’obuwuzi tebisinga ku lukalala lw’amannya —olulimi lwago, olulimi oluyogera ku bugolokofu bwa buli wuzi etuukira ddala.

Mu kumaliriza, ebika by’obuwuzi ebikulu —obuwuzi obufaanagana, obuwuzi obuliko enkokola, ebika by’obuwuzi bwa ISO, ebika by’obuwuzi bw’Amerika, n’obuwuzi obw’omutindo gw’Abangereza —ye bizimba ebikozesebwa ebitabalika. Nga tekinologiya agenda mu maaso ne IoT ey’amakolero n’okuddaabiriza okuteebereza, n’okumanya kwaffe ku kumanya kwaffe ku dizayini y’obuwuzi.