Maikutlo: 115 Mongoli: Nako ea Phatlalatso ea Mohlophisi oa Sebaka: 2024-01-09 Tšimoloho: Sebaka
Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea lefats'e le rarahaneng la li-hose le li-tube fittings, mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea mefuta e fumanehang e ka ba e sithabetsang haholo. Ho tšoana le ho ema har'a letoto la li-spirals, se seng le se seng se e-na le sekontiri se ikhethang le botebo ba sona, u ntse u ipotsa hore na ke tsela efe e lebisang moo ho loketseng teng. Sehloohong sena, ke thabetse ho u senolela sephiri sa likhoele tsena. Re tla qala ka selelekela sa hore na likhoele ke eng - li-spiral grooves tsa bohlokoa tse etsang hore linate, liboutu le lisebelisoa li sebetse mecheng e se nang palo le linthong tsa letsatsi le letsatsi.
Leetong lena, re tla hlahloba mefuta ea mantlha ea likhoele, joalo ka BSPP, UN/UNF, le metric parallel threads, 'me re hlahlobe lefatše la likhoele tse tapered, ho kenyeletsoa likhoele tsa metric tapered, BSPT, le NPT/NPTF. Ho utloisisa tsena ho tla u thusa ho etsa khetho e theko e boima ka ho fetisisa le e nepahetseng, ho netefatsa ho ts'epahala le ho thibela ho se sebetse hantle mererong ea hau. Kahoo, ha re qaleng papaling ena ea likhoele 'me re fumane tse loketseng litlhoko tsa hau!
Ha re bua ka likhoele, re bua ka sebopeho sa helical se sebelisetsoang ho fetolela lipakeng tsa motsamao oa ho potoloha le oa mola kapa matla. Likhoele li hohle! Sheba li-screw tse tšoereng deske ea hau hammoho, sekoahelo sa botlolo ea hau ea metsi, kapa lebone la lebone la hau. Kaofela li itšetlehile ka likhoele hore li lule li le teng le ho sebetsa hantle.
Khoele ke mokoloko o sa khaotseng o pota-potileng cylindrical kapa conical surface. Moqapi ona o lumella likarolo hore li kopane hammoho ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng. Ak'u nahane ka litepisi tse bilikang tse pota-potileng tšiea—ke kamoo khoele e shebahalang kateng holim'a likurufu kapa boutu.
Likhoele li bohlokoa hobane li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse ngata tse amang bophelo ba rona ba letsatsi le letsatsi. Ke bahale ba moriting, ba etsa bonnete ba hore lintho ha li senyehe. Mona ke hore na ke hobane'ng ha li le bohlokoa hakana:
Ho Tšoara Lintho Hammoho : Ho tloha ka thepa ea ka tlung ho isa mochining, likhoele li sebelisoa ka har'a li-fasteners tse kang li-screws le liboutu ho boloka likaroloana li hokahane ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng.
l Taolo ea Mokelikeli : indastering ea matla a mokelikeli , likhoele li netefatsa hore liphaephe le li-tube fittings ha li lutle, e leng ntho ea bohlokoa bakeng sa litsamaiso tse tsamaisang metsi, oli kapa khase.
l Ho nepahala ho Lisebelisoa : Lisebelisoa tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa, tse kang lisebelisoa tsa bongaka, ho nepahala ha boholo ba khoele ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng le polokeho.
Ho na le mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea likhoele, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le lisebelisoa le litšobotsi tsa eona tse ikhethang. Tse seng kae ke tsena:
l Likhoele tsa Pipe tsa Amerika : Tsena li sebelisoa Amerika Leboea bakeng sa likhokahano tsa lipeipi tse koalang .
l SAE Unified Threads : Tekanyetso ea khoele ea screw e sebelisoang hangata indastering ea likoloi.
l Metric ISO Thread : Tekanyetso ea metric thread e sebelisoang haholo machabeng.
Ho khetha khoele , o tla hloka ho tseba litekanyo tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa:
l Diameter e kholo : bophara bo boholo ka ntle ba khoele ea banna.
l Minor Diameter : Bophara bo bonyenyane ka ho fetisisa, bo fumanoang ka tlaase ho khoele ea khoele.
l Pitch Diameter : Bona ke bophara ba silindara e inahaneloang e fetang har'a likhoele tsa khoele e tona le khoele ea khoele e tšehali..
Ho tsebahatsa likhoele ho ka ba thata, empa lisebelisoa tse kang pitch gauge li ka thusa. Sesebelisoa sena se lekanya sekontiri sa khoele , e leng sebaka ho tloha ho khoele e 'ngoe ho ea ho e 'ngoe ka sefofane sa axial.
Mekhahlelo ea geometri ea khoele e hlalosa matla le mosebetsi oa eona. Litšobotsi tsa khoele tse kang leino la leino le bophahamo ba khoele li laola hore na khoele e tla tšoarella hakae le hore na e ka mamella matla a makae. Mohlala, sekurufu se likhoele tse peli se tla tsoela pele ka lebelo le habeli joalo ka sekurufu sa khoele e le 'ngoe bakeng sa potoloho ka 'ngoe, se fana ka monyetla oa ho sebetsa..
l Khoele e ts'oanang le khoele e tapered ke mekhahlelo e 'meli e meholo. Likhoele tse bapileng li boloka bophara bo lekanang hohle, ha likhoele tse taped li fokotseha, tse thusang ho theha litiiso tse thata.
l Likhoele tsa Right-Hand ke tsona tse atileng haholo, moo ho retelehela ho clockwise ho tiisa khoele. Likhoele tsa Left-Hand ha li tloaelehe 'me li tiisa ka lehlakoreng le fapaneng.
Ho utloisisa likhoele le li-parameter tsa tsona tsa geometri ke tsa bohlokoa hobane ke tsona li-block tsa ho haha tse ngata tse re potileng. Ho tloha ho ho kopanya likotoana tsa papali ea ngoana ho ea ho netefatsa polokeho ea sefofane, likhoele li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa lefatšeng la rona. Ha re ntse re hlahloba lintlha tse khethehileng tsa moralo oa likhoele , hopola hore li-spirals tsena tse nyane li bohlokoa haholo ka bohlokoa ba tsona.
Ha ho buuoa ka mefuta ea likhoele , ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa mesebetsi ea eona ea mantlha.
Marang-rang a marang-rang a sebelisoa hangata ho tiisa likaroloana. Nahana ka li-screws tse lebokoseng la k'homphieutha; li etselitsoe ho tšoara likarolo tsa tsona.
likhoele tsa phetiso li bohlokoa ho litsamaiso tse fetisang matla. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, Likhoele tsena li fumanoa likurufung tsa loto tsa mechini, moo jiometry ea tsona e lumellang ho fetola motsamao oa ho potoloha hore e be motsamao oa mola.
Litsela tsa lipalangoang li batla li fapane. Ba phetha karolo ea bohlokoa indastering ea matla a mokelikeli . Likhoele tsena li etselitsoe ho etsa tiiso ka har'a liphaephe le li-tube fittings , ho netefatsa hore ho tsamaisoa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng le o sebetsang oa maro kapa likhase. Mofuta o mong le o mong oa khoele o entsoe ka sepheo sa ona o ikhethileng, 'me ho tsebahatsa likhoele ho bohlokoa lits'ebetsong ho netefatsa ts'ebelisano le ts'ebetso.
Likhoele li ka hlophisoa e le likhoele tsa Right-Hand (RH) kapa Left-Hand (LH) . Phapang e bonolo empa e bohlokoa. Likhoele tsa RH lia tiea ho ea pele, e leng mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa li-fasteners tse ngata . Hoo e ka bang sekoti se seng le se seng se tloaelehileng kapa bolt eo u kopanang le eona e kanna ea ba le khoele ea RH. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, likhoele tsa LH , li tiisa ka lehlakoreng le leng 'me ha li tloaelehe haholo. Li sebelisoa maemong ao matla a potoloho a ka etsang hore khoele ea RH e theohe, joalo ka ka lehlakoreng le letšehali la pedal ea baesekele.
l Likhoele tse ka letsohong le letona :
¡ Tiisa ho ea ka nako
¡ tse ngata tsa khoele ea screw Lisebelisoa
l Likhoele Tsa Le letšehali :
¡ Tiisa ka lehlakoreng le leng
¡ Lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa ho thibela ho lokoloha
Likhoele tsa liphaephe li tla ka mefuta e 'meli e meholo: khoele e tapered le khoele e tšoanang . Likhoele tse tapered , joalo ka National Taper Pipe (NPT) , li etselitsoe ho etsa tiiso ka likhoele ka botsona. Ha likhoele tse tona le tse tšehali li tiisitsoe, li etsa tiiso ka lebaka la ho kena-kenana le ho kena-kenana. Sena se etsa hore e be tse loketseng lits'ebetso tse kenyelletsang likhase kapa maro a tlas'a khatello.
Likhoele tse tšoanang , tse kang British Standard Pipe Parallel (BSPP) , li hloka moemeli oa ho tiisa, joaloka oasher kapa O-ring, ho netefatsa hore ho na le khokahanyo e sa keneleng metsi. Hangata li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse tlase tsa khatello le moo khokahano e ka hlokang ho kopanngoa le ho qhaqhoa khafetsa.
l Likhoele tse Tapered :
¡ National Taper Pipe (NPT)
Ho tiisa ho finyelloa ka ho kena-kenana le khoele
E sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa khatello e phahameng
l Likhoele Tse Tšoanang :
¡ British Standard Pipe Parallel (BSPP)
E hloka lisebelisoa tse eketsehileng tsa ho tiisa
E loketse ho bokana hangata/ho qhaqhoa
T hread size size mme ho bohlokoa ho khetha mofuta oa khoele ka nepo ho netefatsa bots'epehi ba khokahano. Hore na o sebetsa le American Pipe Threads , SAE Unified Threads , kapa Metric ISO thread , mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho tsebahatsa khoele o bohlokoa. Lisebelisoa tse kang pitch gauge le caliper li ka thusa ts'ebetsong ena, ho khomarela litekanyetso tsa indasteri bakeng sa profil ea boholo ba lebitso le ho netefatsa o nepahetseng oa khoele moralo bakeng sa kopo.
Khoele ea metric ea ISO, eo hangata e bitsoang M , ke mofuta oa khoele ea bokahohle . E sebelisoa lefatšeng ka bophara, ke khoele e tloaelehileng bakeng sa merero e akaretsang. Bophara ba sekontiri le bophara bo boholo ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa mofuta ona oa . likhoele tsa metric li tumme ka lebaka la bonolo le bonolo ba ho tsebahatsa likhoele..
Lisebelisoa li kenyelletsa: - Mechini - Indasteri ea likoloi - Lihlahisoa tsa bareki
Likhoele tsa metric li fana ka tekanyo ea matla le ho feto-fetoha ha maemo, e leng se etsang hore e be e 'ngoe ea mefuta ea bohlokoa ea likhoele tlhahisong.
ISO metric fine thread , kapa MF , e fapane le khoele ea M e tloaelehileng ka bophahamo ba eona . Letlapa le letle haholoanyane, ho bolelang hore likhoele li atamelane. Sena se fella ka palo e phahameng ea likhoele ka bolelele ba yuniti. e Khoele e ntle fana ka taolo e ntle ea tsitsipano mme e loketse lits'ebetso moo ho hlokahalang ho nepahala ho phahameng.
Liphapang tsa mantlha li kenyelletsa: - Lekhalo le lenyenyane - Boholo bo tiileng ba khoele - Matla a maholo ka har'a masoba a tlatsitsoeng
Hangata likhoele tse ntle tsa metric li sebelisoa indastering ea matla a mokelikeli le lits'ebetsong tse hlokang ho lokisoa hantle.
Khoele ea tšepe ea tšepe , e tsejoang ka hore ke Pg , e na le bohlokoa ba nalane. E simolohile Jeremane 'me e ne e sebelisoa haholo ho pholletsa le Europe bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa motlakase. Kajeno, likhoele tsa Pg li na le tse ikhethileng lits'ebetso indastering ea motlakase, ho netefatsa likhokahano tse sireletsehileng le tse tšepahalang.
Tšebeliso ea hajoale e kenyelletsa: - Lisebelisoa tsa Motlakase - Lits'ebetso tsa Conduit - Lisebelisoa
Leha ho na le keketseho ea mefuta e fapaneng ea likhoele , Pg e ntse e sebetsa ka lebaka la maemo a indasteri le litsamaiso tsa lefa.
Khoele ea trapezoidal , e khethiloeng e le Tr , e khetholloa ke sebopeho sa leino la trapezoidal. Moralo ona o fana ka monyetla o matla oa mochini , o o etsa hore o tšoanelehe bakeng sa meroalo e boima le li-screws tse etellang pele mochining.
Mesebetsi e kenyelletsa: - Phetiso ea matla - Phetoho ea motsamao ho tloha ho potoloha ho ea ho mola - Sebelisa li-vises le li-jack
Khoele ea trapezoidal ke mofuta o tloaelehileng oa khoele ha ho etsoa litsamaiso tsa likoloi. Geometry ea eona e lumella ho ajoa ha meroalo sebakeng se seholoanyane, ho matlafatsa khoele e tšoarellang le nako ea bophelo.
Karolong ena kaofela, re amme mefuta ea likhoele tsa ISO joalo ka metric ISO thread , ISO metric fine thread , le tse ling. Ho bohlokoa ho khetha khoele ka nepo bakeng sa ts'ebeliso e reriloeng, kaha boholo ba khoele bo bohlokoa . Lisebelisoa tse kang pitch gauge le caliper li bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea ho tsebahatsa likhoele , ho netefatsa hore li tsamaellana le ho sebetsa likarolong tse khoele..
Ha re bua ka mefuta ea likhoele tsa Amerika , Unified National Coarse Thread , kapa UNC , ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta ea bohlokoa ea likhoele . Ke tekanyetso e hlalosang sebopeho sa helical bakeng sa li-fasteners tsa khoele . UNC . e tsebahala ka molumo oa eona o pharaletseng ho feta mefuta e meng, e etsang hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa tšebeliso e akaretsang mefuteng e fapaneng ea thepa Taba ea boholo ba likhoele mona, 'me moralo oa UNC o etsa hore ho se be bonolo ho tšela likhoele le ho sebetsa habonolo.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, Khoele e Ntle ea Sechaba e Kopanetsoeng kapa UNF e na le bophara bo bonyenyane ba molumo . Sena se bolela hore likhoele li atamelane. Hangata UNF . e sebelisoa ha boemo bo phahameng ba matla le ho nepahala ho hlokahala E tloaelehile indastering ea matla a mokelikeli hobane likhoele tse ntle li fana ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng haholoanyane le o tiileng haholoanyane. Ho bohlokoa ho khetha khoele ka hloko ha u sebetsa le UNF ho netefatsa tšebelisano le ts'ebetso.
The Unified National Special Thread kapa UNS ke mofuta o mong oa likhoele oa Amerika o hlahelletseng ka lebaka la ho itloaetsa ho ikhethang. UNS ha e maemong a tšoanang le a UNC kapa UNF , e lumellang hore ho be le mefuta e fapaneng ea bophahamo ba khoele le bophara. Ho feto-fetoha ha maemo hona ho etsa hore UNS e etele lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng moo boholo ba likhoele bo sa lekaneng. Ho tsebahatsa likhoele bakeng sa UNS ho hloka litekanyo tse nepahetseng, hangata ho sebelisoa sekala sa molumo kapa caliper.
| Dash Size (Nominal Size) | Thread Pitch | Male Thread OD mm | Male Thread OD inches | Female Thread ID mm | Female Thread ID inches |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -02 (1/8) | 27 | 10.3 | 0.41 | 9.4 | 0.37 |
| -04 (1/4) | 18 | 13.7 | 0.54 | 12.4 | 0.49 |
| -06 (3/8) | 18 | 17.3 | 0.68 | 15.7 | 0.62 |
| -08 (1/2) | 14 | 21.3 | 0.84 | 19.3 | 0.76 |
| -10 (5/8) | 14 | 22.9 | 0.90 | 21.1 | 0.83 |
| -12 (3/4) | 14 | 26.9 | 1.06 | 24.9 | 0.98 |
| -16 (1) | 11½ | 33.3 | 1.31 | 31.5 | 1.24 |
| -20 (1 ¼) | 11½ | 42.2 | 1.66 | 40.1 | 1.58 |
| -24 (1 ½) | 11½ | 48.3 | 1.90 | 46.2 | 1.82 |
| -32 (2) | 11½ | 60.4 | 2.38 | 57.9 | 2.29 |
** OD = ID ea Diameter e Ntle = Diameter e ka hare
Ho fallela ho Likhoele tsa Pipe tsa Amerika , Likhoele tsa National Taper Pipe li bohlokoa. Ho na le mefuta e 'meli e meholo: NPT le NPTF . Ka bobeli ke mefuta ea likhoele tse tapered ho bolelang hore li etsa tiiso ha li ntse li tiisitsoe. NPT , kapa National Taper Pipe , e tloaelehile 'me e hloka mahlahana a eketsehileng a ho tiisa. NPTF , kapa National Taper Pipe Dryseal , e etselitsoe ho etsa tiiso e thata ntle le lisebelisoa tse eketsehileng tsa ho tiisa. NPT le NPTF li bohlokoa indastering ea matla a mokelikeli bakeng sa li-hose fittings , tube fittings , le likhokahano tsa lipeipi . The thread pitch gauge ke sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa bakeng sa mokhoa oa ho tsebahatsa khoele litsamaisong tsa ka bobeli NPT le NPTF .
Ho utloisisa mefuta ena ea likhoele tsa Amerika ho bohlokoa ho litsebi liindastering tse ngata. SAE Unified Threads , ho kenyeletsoa UNC , UNF , le UNS , hammoho le NPT le NPTF , li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho theheng liqhoele le likhokahano tse loketseng . bo nepahetseng ba khoele Boitsebiso bo tiisa hore likaroloana li lumellana ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng 'me li sebetsa kamoo li reriloeng kateng.
British Standard Whitworth Coarse (BSW) , eo hangata e bitsoang WW bakeng sa Whitworth, ke setšoantšo sa thread se nang le histori e ruileng. E ne e le mokhoa oa pele oa lefats'e o tloaelehileng oa li-screw system, o entsoeng ke Joseph Whitworth ka 1841. Moralo ona e ne e le oa phetoho, o behile litekanyetso tsa li-fasteners tsa likhoele ho pholletsa le 'Muso oa Brithani le ho feta. Khoele ea Whitworth e ile ea e-ba e 'ngoe ea mefuta ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea likhoele , e khetholloang ka khoele ea eona ea likhato tse 55 le li-crest tse chitja le metso. Tsamaiso ena ea histori ea likhoele e ile ea rala motheo oa mefuta e mengata e tloaelehileng ea likhoele tseo re li bonang kajeno.
Ho fetela ho British Standard Fine (BSF) , mofuta ona oa khoele ha e le hantle ke mofuta o motle oa BSW. Ka molumo o monyane , e leng sebaka se pakeng tsa likhoele tse haufi , BSF e ile ea ntlafatsoa ho fana ka boemo bo phahameng ba ho nepahala le matla lits'ebetsong moo boholo ba khoele bo leng bohlokoa . Bophara bo boholo bo lula bo tšoana le BSW, empa sekontiri se setle haholoanyane se lumella likhoele tse ngata ka inch, e leng se fetolelang ho lekana, ho sireletsehileng haholoanyane. Hangata BSF e sebelisoa indastering ea likoloi, moo ho nepahala ho leng bohlokoa.
| Dash Size (Nominal Size) | Thread Pitch | Male Thread OD mm | Male Khoele OD inches | Female Thread ID mm | Female Thread ID inches |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -02 (1/8) | 28 | 9.7 | 0.38 | 8.9 | 0.35 |
| -04 (1/4) | 19 | 13.2 | 0.52 | 11.9 | 0.47 |
| -06 (3/8) | 19 | 16.5 | 0.65 | 15.2 | 0.60 |
| -08 (1/2) | 14 | 20.8 | 0.82 | 19.1 | 0.75 |
| -10 (5/8) | 14 | 22.4 | 0.88 | 20.3 | 0.80 |
| -12 (3/4) | 14 | 26.4 | 1.04 | 24.6 | 0.97 |
| -16 (1) | 11 | 33.0 | 1.30 | 31.0 | 1.22 |
| -20 (1 ¼) | 11 | 41.9 | 1.65 | 39.6 | 1.56 |
| -24 (1 ½) | 11 | 47.8 | 1.88 | 45.5 | 1.79 |
| -32 (2) | 11 | 59.7 | 2.35 | 57.4 | 2.26 |
British Standard Pipe (BSP) , eo hape e tsejoang e le G , ke mofuta oa khoele e tšoanang e atisang ho sebelisoa indastering ea matla a mokelikeli . Ho fapana le likhoele tsa taper, likhoele tsa BSP li boloka bophara bo lekanang ho tloha pheletsong ho isa qetellong, ho li etsa likhoele tse bapileng . Moralo ona ke oa bohlokoa bakeng sa li-hose fittings le li-tube fittings , moo tiiso e tsitsitseng. ho hlokahalang Hangata BSP e bapisoa le Likhoele tsa Pipe tsa Amerika , empa ha li feto-fetohe ka lebaka la phapang ea sebopeho sa khoele le molumo.
| BSP Thread Size | Outside Diameter | TPI |
|---|---|---|
| 1/16 inch BSP | 7.7 mm / 0.304″ | 28 |
| 1/8 inch BSP | 9.7 mm / 0.383 ″ | 28 |
| 1/4 inch BSP | 13.16 mm / 0.518 ″ | 19 |
| 3/8 inch BSP | 16.66 limilimithara / 0.656 ″ | 19 |
| 1/2 inch BSP | 20.99 limilimithara / 0.825 ″ | 14 |
| 5/8 Inch BSP | 22.99 limilimithara / 0.902 ″ | 14 |
| 3/4 inch BSP | 26.44 limilimithara / 1.041 ″ | 14 |
| 7/8 Inch BSP | 30.20 limilimithara / 1.189' | 14 |
| 1 inch BSP | 33.25 limilimithara / 1.309' | 11 |
| 1-1 / 4 Inch BSP | 41.91 limilimithara / 1.650 ″ | 11 |
| 1-1/2 inch BSP | 47.80 limilimithara / 1.882 ″ | 11 |
| 2 inch BSP | 59.61 limilimithara / 2.347 ″ | 11 |
| 2-1 / 4 Inch BSP | 65.71 limilimithara / 2.587 ″ | 11 |
| 2-1/2 inch BSP | 75.18 limilimithara / 2.96 ″ | 11 |
| 3 inch BSP | 87.88 limilimithara / 3.46 ″ | 11 |
| 4 inch BSP | 113.03 limilimithara / 4.45 ″ | 11 |
| 5 inch BSP | 138.43 limilimithara / 5.45 ″ | 11 |
| 6 Intshi BSP | 163.83 limilimithara / 6.45 ″ | 11 |
Qetellong, British Standard Pipe Taper (BSPT) , e tsejoang e le R , ke khoele e tapered e sebelisoang lihokelong tse ngata tsa liphaephe . Theipi e etsa tiiso ka ho qobella likhoele tsa khoele e tona khoeleng e tšehali , e leng se lumellang hore ho be le ho lekana ha mokelikeli. BSPT e atile haholo indastering ea matla a mokelikeli , moo ho thibela ho lutla ho leng bohlokoa. The angle tapered e tiisa hore khoele e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e tiea ho e latelang, e fana ka khokahanyo e ka tšeptjoang bakeng sa ea pipe , tube , le khokahanyo e loketseng..
Ho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea likhoele tsena tsa British Whitworth, , boitsebiso ba likhoele bo bohlokoa. Lisebelisoa tse kang pitch gauge kapa caliper hangata li sebelisoa ho khetholla mofuta oa khoele le boholo. Ho utloisisa likarolo tsa geometri tsa likhoele tsena, ho tloha ho bophara bo boholo ho isa ho bophara ba sekontiri , ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa tšebelisano 'moho le ts'ebetso ea likhoele tse khoeleng. Ebang ke mecheng ea nalane kapa lits'ebetso tsa sejoale-joale, British Standard Threads e lula e le karolo ea liindasteri tse fapaneng, e eme haufi le mefuta e meng ea bohlokoa ea likhoele joalo ka mefuta ea likhoele tsa ISO , Metric ISO khoele , le mefuta ea likhoele tsa Amerika..
Lithapo tsa lipeipi li bohlokoa ho netefatseng likhokahano tse sa lutleng liphaepheng tsa metsi le litsing tsa khase. Li sebetsa e le karolo ea bohlokoa ea ho kopanya liphaephe, li-valve le li-fittings ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng. Boholo ba khoele bo bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tsena, kaha bo tlameha ho amohela sekhahla sa phallo le litlhoko tsa khatello ea sistimi.
Ha re bua ka likhoele tsa pipe , hangata re bua ka mefuta e 'meli e fapaneng: khoele e tapered le khoele ea conical . Khoele e tapered , eo hape e tsejoang e le National Taper Pipe (NPT) , butle-butle e fokotseha bophara ho tloha pheletsong e 'ngoe, e fana ka tiiso e tiileng ha likhoele li kopanngoa. Likhoele tsa conical li ts'oana empa li na le sebopeho se senyenyane sa cone, se eketsang matla a ho hokahanya.
Likhoele tsa lipeipi tse tapered li sebelisoa hangata indastering ea matla a mokelikeli . Ba etsa tiiso ka ho kena-kenana le likhoele. Pipe dope kapa Teflon tape hangata e sebetsa joalo ka liente tse tiisang ho netefatsa khokahano e sa lutleng.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, likhoele tsa conical pipe ha li tloaelehe empa li ntse li le bohlokoa. Hangata li fumanoa lits'ebetsong tse khethehileng moo khatello le litlhoko tsa matla a mochine li leng holimo.
Ho tsebahatsa likhoele ho bohlokoa tokisong le ho bokelleng litsamaiso tsa lipeipi. hlalosa mofuta oa khoele Ho ka sebelisoa sekala sa pitch gauge kapa caliper ho le boholo. Mohlala, likhoele tsa American Pipe le likhoele tsa SAE Unified ke mefuta e tloaelehileng ea likhoele tse nang le litšobotsi tse ikhethang.
Mefuta ea likhoele tsa Amerika joalo ka NPT e sebelisoa haholo Amerika Leboea. Ba latela maemo a kopaneng a likhoele , tse kenyelletsang Unified National Coarse Thread (UNC) le Unified National Fine Thread (UNF).
British Standard Pipe Taper (BSPT) le British Standard Whitworth (BSW) likhoele, ho akarelletsa le British Standard Whitworth Coarse (BSWC) , ke mefuta ea likhoele ea Brithani e nang le tšebeliso e khethehileng, haholo-holo United Kingdom le linaheng tsa Commonwealth.
Bophara ba sekontiri sa khoele ea phaephe ke tekanyo ea bohlokoa. Ke bophara ba cylinder e inahaneloang moo botenya ba khoele bo lekanang le sebaka sa khoele . Bakeng sa litekanyo tse nepahetseng, pitch gauge kapa caliper . ho sebelisoa sekala sa
Likhoele tsa banna le likhoele tsa basali ke mantsoe a sebelisoang ho hlalosa bophara ba khoele ea kantle le khoele ea ka hare , ka ho latellana. Likhoele tsa banna li fumaneha ka ntle ho liphaephe kapa li-fittings, ha likhoele tsa basali li le ka hare.
Likhoele tse ka letsohong le letona ke maemo a tloaelehileng indastering, moo khoele e tiisang ho ea ka oache. Likhoele tse ka letsohong le letšehali ha li tloaelehe 'me li tiisa ka tsela e fapaneng le oache.
l Kamehla sebelisa sekala sa pitch gauge ho netefatsa bophahamo ba khoele le bophara.
l Netefatsa hore likhoele tse taped li tiisitsoe ka mokhoa o lekaneng ka setiiso.
l Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa khatello e phahameng, nahana ka likhoele tsa conical bakeng sa matla a tsona a ntlafalitsoeng.
l Hlokomela maemo a indasteri bakeng sa mofuta o ikhethileng oa ho kenya oo o sebetsang ho ona.
l Sebelisa mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho tsebahatsa khoele ho thibela likhokahano tse sa lumellaneng.
Ho utloisisa phapang pakeng tsa likhoele tse tapered le conical pipe ke habohlokoa ho mang kapa mang ea ka har'a libaka tsa ho kenya lipeipi kapa tsa khase. Khetho e nepahetseng ea likhoele le khetho e ka thibela ho lutla, ho netefatsa botšepehi ba sistimi, le ho boloka litekanyetso tsa polokeho lits'ebetsong tsena tsa bohlokoa.
Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea mefuta ea likhoele, boholo ba rona re tloaelane le mefuta e tloaelehileng eo re kopanang le eona linthong tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tse kang liboutu le linate. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le lefats'e la mefuta e rarahaneng ea likhoele e bapalang likarolo tsa bohlokoa liindasteri tse fapaneng. Ha re hlahlobeng tse ling tsa mefuta ena e tsoetseng pele ea likhoele le lits'ebetso tsa tsona tse ikhethileng.
Likhoele tsa Acme li tsebahala ka sebopeho sa tsona sa trapezoidal, e leng se etsang hore li be matla le ho tšoanela meroalo e boima ho feta likhoele tse tloaelehileng tsa screw . Hangata li fumanoa lisebelisoa tse kang bokhopo le li-jack moo matla le ho tšoarella ho leng bohlokoa.
Likhoele tsa knuckle li ikhethile ka li-crest tsa tsona tse chitja le metso ea tsona. Hangata li sebelisoa libakeng tseo likhoele li ka pepesetsoang ho tšoaroa hampe kapa li hloka ho hloekisoa habonolo, joalo ka indastering ea lijo le lino..
Likhoele tsa Buttress li na le moralo o lumellang phetisetso e matla ka lehlakoreng le le leng. Ke khoele ea ho ea bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse kang li-presses moo u hlokang likhoele ho sebetsana le matla a mangata ka tsela e tšoanang.
Likhoele tsa liboko li bohlokoa lits'ebetsong moo motsamao oa ho potoloha o hloka ho fetoloa ho ba mola. Ke karolo ea bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tsa lisebelisoa, joalo ka tse fumanehang lisebelisoa tsa tokiso kapa lifti.
Mofuta o mong le o mong oa khoele o tsoetseng pele o sebeletsa morero o itseng, hangata o etselitsoe litlhoko tsa liindasteri tse itseng.
l Likhoele tsa Acme ha li matla feela; li boetse li fana ka ho nepahala, ho li etsa tse loketseng indasteri ea matla a mokelikeli.
l Likhoele tsa knuckle, tse nang le bokhoni ba ho hanela tšenyo, li bohlokoa haholo lefapheng la temo moo mechine e tobanang le maemo a thata.
l Likhoele tsa buttress li bohlokoa haholo lisebelisoa tsa tšepe ka lebaka la bokhoni ba tsona ba ho mamella khatello e phahameng ea axial.
l Likhoele tsa Worm ke mokokotlo oa litsamaiso tsa taolo ea motsamao , li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa makaleng a kang likoloi le sefofane.
Mefuta e tsoetseng pele ea likhoele ha e bue feela ka ts'ebetso; li mabapi le ho nepahala le ho ts'epahala maemong a maemo a holimo.
l Indasteri ea lifofane e itšetlehile ka likhoele tsena tse khethehileng bakeng sa polokeho le ts'ebetso ea likarolo tsa lifofane.
l indastering ea likepe , ho tšoarella ha likhoele tsena ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho mamella tikoloho e senyang ea metsi a letsoai.
l Lekala la bongaka le sebelisa likhoele tse tsoetseng pele ho lisebelisoa tse pholosang bophelo, moo ho hloleha e seng khetho.
l Lekala la matla le itšetlehile ka likhoele tsena bakeng sa tlhokomelo le ts'ebetso ea mechine e boima.
Leha mefuta e tloaelehileng ea likhoele joalo ka ISO metric thread kapa American Pipe Threads e tsebahala, ke likhoele tsena tse tsoetseng pele tse atisang ho hlahella lits'ebetsong tse ikhethileng. Boholo ba khoele bo bohlokoa , 'me ho joalo le ka mofuta oa khoele e sebelisitsoeng. Hore na ke khoele ea Acme ka har'a lathe kapa khoele ea Worm ka lebokoseng la gear, ho utloisisa mefuta ena ea bohlokoa ea likhoele ho bohlokoa ho lienjineri le litsebi ho pholletsa le liindasteri. Ho khetha khoele e nepahetseng-e ka ba khoele e bapileng kapa khoele e tepelitsoeng -ho ka etsa phapang eohle tšebetsong le ho phela halelele ha likarolo tse kholehileng.
Ho utloisisa liparamente tsa jiometri tsa likhoele ho bohlokoa ho mang kapa mang ea sebetsang ka likarolo tse khoele . Hore na o indastering ea matla a mokelikeli kapa o sebetsana le li-fasteners tsa likhoele , ho tseba lintlha tsena ho netefatsa hore li tsamaellana le ho sebetsa.
Bophara bo boholo bo bolela bophara bo boholo ka ho fetisisa ba khoele ea screw . Ke bophara bo ka ntle ba khoele e tona kapa bophara bo boholo ka ho fetisisa ba khoele e tšehali . Ka lehlakoreng le leng, bophara bo bonyenyane ke bophara bo bonyenyane ka ho fetisisa ba khoele. Ke bophara ba cylinder e inahaneloang e amang feela likhoele tsa khoele holim'a khoele e ka ntle kapa khoele ea khoele ea khoele e ka hare . ke taba ea boholo ba khoele ; ka hona, ho lokisa li-diameter tsena ho bohlokoa.
Bophara ba sekontiri ke paramente ea bohlokoa e lipakeng tsa li-diameter tse kholo le tse nyane. Ke bophara ba cylinder e inahaneloang ea co-axial moo sebaka ho tloha bophara ba sekontiri se phunyeletsang ka lehlakoreng le leng ho ea ho sekontiri sa khoele ka lehlakoreng le leng se lekanang. Bophara ba sekontiri bo bohlokoa kaha bo thusa ho khetholla khoele le ho netefatsa hore ho na le khokahanyo e loketseng.
Thread pitch ke sebaka se melang lipakeng tsa tse peli tse bapileng libaka holim'a khoele ka sefofane sa axial . Ke tekanyo e tobileng ea palo ea likhoele ka bolelele ba yuniti 'me e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho tsebahatsa likhoele . Sistimi ea metric , sekontiri se hlalosoang ka limilimithara, athe lits'ebetsong tse thehiloeng ho unit tsa moemphera joalo ka SAE Unified Threads kapa American Pipe Threads , e hlalosoa e le palo ea likhoele ka inch. Hangata li-pitch gauges li sebelisoa ho metha parameter ena ka nepo.
Loto ke sebaka seo khoele ea sekurufu e se tsamaeang haufi le axis ea eona ka ho potoloha hanngoe ka ho feletseng. Bakeng sa screw e nang le khoele e le 'ngoe, lead e tšoana le sekontiri. Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa sekoti se nang le likhoele tse peli , loto e na le makhetlo a mabeli ho feta. Khopolo ena ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa likopo tse hlokang molemo oa mochine.
Leino la leino , le tsejoang hape ka hore ke leqhubu la khoele , ke khutlo e pakeng tsa mahlakore a khoele . Mefuta e fapaneng ea likhoele joalo ka likhoele tsa Metric ISO , tsa British Whitworth , kapa maemo a kopaneng a likhoele li na le li-angles tse tloaelehileng tse fapaneng. Mohlala, likhoele tsa metric hangata li na le angle ea 60-degree , ha British Standard Whitworth Coarse li na le angle ea likhoele tsa 55-degree . Sebopeho sa leino le angle li ama jiometry ea khoele le matla a eona.
Liparamente tsa jiometri tse kang sekontiri se seholo , sa bophara bo bonyenyane , sa bophara ba , sekontiri sa khoele , le angle ea leino li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa moralong oa likhoele . Mekhahlelo ena e sebelisoa ho pholletsa le mefuta e fapaneng ea likhoele, ho kenyeletsoa khoele e tšoanang , e tapered , mefuta ea likhoele tsa ISO , le mefuta ea likhoele tsa Amerika . Kutloisiso e nepahetseng le litekanyo tsa liparamente tsena ho sebelisoa lisebelisoa tse kang li-caliper le li-pitch gauges li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea ho tsebahatsa likhoele le ho tsamaellana le li-fittings tse kang ea hose fittings , pipe , le li-tube fittings . Hopola, lefats'eng la likhoele , ho nepahala ke senotlolo.
Ha o sebetsana le likhoele , ho bohlokoa ho tseba hore na o sebetsa ka mefuta ea tse bapileng kapa tse tapered likhoele . Likhoele tse bapileng li boloka bophara bo lekanang qetellong ho isa qetellong, ha likhoele tse taped li ntse li fokotseha, li ntse li fokotseha ho ea qetellong. Ho ba arola, sheba ka hloko. Likhoele tse bapileng li tla bonahala li tšoana, ha likhoele tse tapered li tla bonahala li kopana.
Bakeng sa mokhoa oa theknoloji, sebelisa caliper . Lekanya bophara ba lintlheng tse fapaneng tsa khoele. Haeba litekanyo li lekana, ke khoele e tšoanang . Haeba li fokotseha, u na le khoele e tapered . Indastering ea matla a mokelikeli , ho lemoha phapang ena ke habohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa hore ho na le khokahanyo e nepahetseng.
Bophahamo ba khoele ke sebaka se pakeng tsa likhoele tsa eona. Ho lekanya sena, o tla sebelisa pitch gauge . Sesebelisoa sena se na le li-blades tse fapaneng, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le palo e fapaneng ea meno ka inch. Bapisa feela gauge le likhoele tsa khoele. Ha e lekana hantle, u fumane molumo oa hau . Mohato ona ke oa bohlokoa bakeng sa likhoele tsa metric le mefuta ea likhoele tsa Amerika.
Ho fumana boholo ba khoele , lekanya bophara bo boholo — bophara bo boholo ka ho fetisisa ba khoele e tona kapa bophara bo ka ntle ba khoele e tšehali. Sebelisa caliper bakeng sa ho nepahala. Ka mor'a moo, hlahloba boemo ba khoele . Sena se kenyelletsa sebopeho sa leino le jiometry ea khoele . Metric ISO thread le SAE Unified Threads ke mefuta e tloaelehileng ea likhoele , e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le profaele e ikhethang.
Qetellong, khetha khoele ho latela maemo a indasteri. U tla hloka ho tseba khoele e , ka hore na ke letsohong le letona kapa le letšehali . Litekanyetso tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa khoele ea metric ea ISO , British Standard Whitworth Coarse , le Unified National Coarse Thread . Kamehla bua ka litekanyetso tsa indasteri ho khetholla khoele ka nepo.
T hread size e bohlokoa ho netefatsa khoele e nepahetseng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse joalo ka li-hose fittings le air compressor condensate filters . Boitsebiso bo nepahetseng ba khoele ke lejoe la sekhutlo la tlhokomelo e boletsoeng esale pele le koetliso ea mahlale liindastering tse itšetlehileng ka likarolo tse lokiselitsoeng..
Ha u khetha likhoele bakeng sa projeke ea hau, ho na le lintlha tse ngata tse amehang. Ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka tsa kopo , tšebelisano ea lisebelisoa , le maemo a indasteri . Mona ke kakaretso ea seo u lokelang ho se hopola:
1. Tlhaloso ea Khoele : Ho bohlokoa ho khetholla mofuta oa khoele ka nepo. Sebelisa sekala sa pitch gauge ho fumana hore na khoele e phahama hakae le caliper ho lekanya bophara bo boholo.
2. Mefuta e fapaneng : Tseba mefuta e tloaelehileng ea likhoele . Hore na ke mefuta ea likhoele tsa ISO , mefuta ea likhoele tsa Amerika , kapa likhoele tsa British Whitworth , e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le ts'ebeliso ea eona e ikhethileng.
3. Indasteri ea Matla a Fluid : Haeba u le lekaleng lena, SAE Unified Threads e kanna ea ba seo u eang ho sona. Li etselitsoe maemo a khatello e phahameng.
4. Taba tsa boholo ba khoele : Kamehla etsa bonnete ba hore boholo ba khoele bo lumellana le khokahanyo e loketseng . Boholo bo fosahetseng bo ka lebisa ho lutla kapa ho senyeha ha karolo.
5. Parallel thread vs. Tapered thread : Utloisisa phapang. Likhoele tse bapileng li boloka bophara bo tšoanang, ha likhoele tse taped li fokotseha. Sena se ama tiiso le hore na ba khetha khoele joang.
6. Pitch Diameter : Bophara ba sekontiri ke parameter ea bohlokoa ea geometri. Ke cylinder e inahaneloang moo sebaka se pakeng tsa likhoele se lekanang.
l Likhoele Tse Fetang : Qoba ho sebelisa khoele ea monna e nang le khoele e sa nepahalang ea basali . Sena se ka hlobola likhoele kapa sa baka ho se lekane hantle.
l Ho iphapanyetsa Taelo ea Letsoho : Likhoele tse ka letsohong le letona li atile haholo, empa likhoele tse ka letsohong le letšehali li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse itseng. U se ke ua li kopanya.
l Maemo a Tloaelehileng : Maemo a indasteri , joalo ka maemo a kopaneng a likhoele kapa khoele ea metric ea ISO , a netefatsa hore lia lumellana. U se ke ua li hlokomoloha.
l Ho hlokomoloha Boitsebiso : Lisebelisoa tsa li-fasteners tsa khoele li lokela ho lumellana le likarolo tseo li li kopanyang. Lisebelisoa tse sa lumellaneng li ka senyeha kapa tsa hlōleha.
l Ho Lebala Lisebelisoa tsa Boitsebiso ba Khoele : Lisebelisoa tse kang sekala sa khoele li bohlokoa. Ba thusa ho qoba liphoso ho khetholla likhoele.
Hopola, mokhoa oa ho tsebahatsa khoele ha oa lokela ho nkoa habobebe. Ke motheo oa khokahanyo e sireletsehileng le e sebetsang hantle. Mohlala, indastering ea matla a mokelikeli, ho sebelisa mofuta o fosahetseng oa khoele ho li-hose fittings kapa li-tube fittings ho ka baka ho lutla ho kotsi.
Ho khetha mofuta o nepahetseng oa khoele ho boetse ho bolela ho nahana ka moralo oa khoele. Bakeng sa likhokahano tsa liphaephe, National Taper Pipe (NPT) le British Standard Pipe Taper (BSPT) ke mefuta ea likhoele tsa bohlokoa. Ba sebelisa likhoele tse tapered le conical pipe bakeng sa tiiso e tiileng.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, lits'ebetso tse hlokang likhoele tse tšoanang li ka sebelisa khoele ea metric ea ISO kapa Unified National Coarse Thread (UNC). Tsena li tiisa bophara bo ka ntle bo tsitsitseng hammoho le likarolo tse khoele.
Qetellong, u se ke ua lebala ka tlhokomelo ea esale pele le koetliso ea theknoloji. Ho lula pele ka IoT ea indasteri ho ka u thusa ho khetha mofuta o nepahetseng oa khoele le ho o boloka hantle. 'Me le hoja li-filters tsa condensate tsa moea li ka bonahala li sa amane, le tsona li itšetlehile ka khetho e nepahetseng ea khoele hore e sebetse hantle.
Re tsamaile har'a lefats'e le rarahaneng la likhoele, re lekola mefuta-futa e etsang hore mofuta o mong le o mong o be o ikhethang. Ho tloha ho American Pipe Threads to Metric ISO Threads, ho utloisisa mefuta e fapaneng ea likhoele ha se thuto feela - ke tlhokahalo e sebetsang. Liindastering tse kang matla a mokelikeli kapa tlhahiso, ho tseba SAE Unified Threads ho tsoa ho British Whitworth Threads ho ka bolela phapang pakeng tsa ho lekana hantle le phoso e theko e boima.
Nahana ka pitso ea ho nka khato: sebelisa tsebo ea hau ea ho tsebahatsa likhoele ho ntlafatsa mosebetsi oa hau. Hore na o rala li-hose fittings kapa o khetha phala e nepahetseng bakeng sa li-tube fittings, hopola hore boholo ba khoele ke ba bohlokoa. Ka seatleng sa gauge le caliper, o hlomeletsoe ho khetha khoele ka kholiseho.
Bakeng sa ba tšimong, ts'ebetso ea ho tsebahatsa khoele ha se feela mabapi le ho fumana khokahano e loketseng; e mabapi le ho netefatsa polokeho le katleho. Maemo a indasteri a teng ho re tataisa, 'me lisebelisoa tse kang thread pitch gauge li thusa ho boloka litekanyetso tseo. Hopola, mefuta ea likhoele hase feela lethathamo la mabitso—ke puo ea ’ona, puo e buang ka botšepehi ba khoele e ’ngoe le e ’ngoe e loketseng.
Qetellong, mefuta ea bohlokoa ea likhoele - Parallel thread, Tapered thread, mefuta ea likhoele tsa ISO, mefuta ea likhoele tsa Amerika, le British Standard Threads - ke litšiea tsa ho haha likopo tse se nang palo. Ha theknoloji e ntse e tsoela pele ka IoT ea indasteri le tlhokomelo e boletsoeng esale pele, ho joalo le ka tsebo ea rona ea moralo oa likhoele.
