ꯌꯦꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ: 930 ꯂꯤꯈꯨꯟ: ꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯇꯔ ꯐꯣꯉꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ: ꯲꯰꯲꯴-꯰꯱-꯱꯰ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯐꯝ: ꯃꯐꯝ
ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯗꯄꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯂꯣꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯦ: ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ. ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ. ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯅꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ, ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯀꯈꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯥꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯇꯧꯖꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯃꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯁꯤ꯫
ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯣꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛꯁ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯣꯇꯤꯕ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.)ꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯕꯣꯁ (ꯑꯣ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯕꯤ.)ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯖꯦ.꯵꯱꯴ ꯇꯨꯕ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫
ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ:
l ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯜꯇ ꯁꯥꯏꯖꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ
l ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ
l ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯖꯦ.꯵꯱꯸ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯀꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ
ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛꯁꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯕꯁ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ:
l ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯄꯝꯄꯁꯤꯡ꯫
l ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ꯫
l ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯟꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫
ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯁꯥꯏꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏ꯫ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯆꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯇꯔꯥꯅꯤꯄꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯁꯥꯏꯖꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯁ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, -4, -6, -8) ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, -8 ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ 8/16 ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ 1/2 ꯏꯟꯆꯤ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ:
1. ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯎ꯫
2. ꯏꯟꯆꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ (TPI) ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇ ꯇꯧ꯫
ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯖꯦ.꯵꯱꯸ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯟ.꯲꯰꯰꯶꯶, ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯣ./ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.꯶꯱꯶꯲, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯕꯤ ꯸꯳꯶꯳ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.
ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯐꯤꯁꯤꯌꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯕꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯆꯌꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯗꯄꯇꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯆꯥꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯀꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯛ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯇꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇꯦꯄꯔ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯇꯦꯄꯔ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.
ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯜ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯃꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯂꯤꯛ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯆ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
l ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔ : ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯡ, ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯕꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯦꯝꯄ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ꯫
l SAE ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔ : ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ, ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.꯴꯵° ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯴꯵ꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯇꯨꯕꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯏ.(ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏꯊꯥꯏꯂꯤꯟ) ꯇꯦꯞ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤꯂꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯖꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
l ꯕꯣꯜꯇ ꯁꯥꯏꯖꯁꯤꯡ : ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ꯫ SAE J518 , DIN 20066 , ISO/DIS 6162 , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ JIS B 8363ꯒꯥ .
l O ꯔꯤꯡ : ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯉꯥꯏ ꯐꯗꯕꯥ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯕꯁ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ
ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.꯴꯵° ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯌꯔ – ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯖꯦ.꯵꯱꯲ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
MALE THREAD OD ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ PITCH |
DASH SIZE ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ |
MALE THREAD ꯑꯣ.ꯗꯤ |
FEMALE THREAD ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯗꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ꯫ |
TUBE SIZE ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ |
||
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ – ꯇꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ |
ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ |
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ |
ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ |
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ |
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ |
|
꯵/꯱꯶ – ꯲꯴ꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ |
-05 |
7.9 |
0.31 |
6.8 |
0.27 |
꯱/꯸ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ |
꯳/꯸ – ꯲꯴ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ |
-06 |
9.5 |
0.38 |
8.4 |
0.33 |
꯳/꯱꯶ꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ |
꯷/꯱꯶ – ꯲꯰ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ |
-07 |
11.1 |
0.44 |
9.9 |
0.39 |
꯱/꯴ |
꯱/꯲ – ꯲꯰ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ |
-08 |
12.7 |
0.50 |
11.4 |
0.44 |
꯵/꯱꯶ꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ |
꯵/꯸ – ꯱꯸ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ |
-10 |
15.9 |
0.63 |
14.2 |
0.56 |
꯳/꯸ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ |
꯳/꯴ – ꯱꯶ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ |
-12 |
19.1 |
0.75 |
17.5 |
0.69 |
꯱/꯲ |
꯷/꯸ – ꯱꯴ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯈꯤ꯫ |
-14 |
22.2 |
0.88 |
20.6 |
0.81 |
꯵/꯸ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ |
꯱.꯱/꯱꯶ – ꯱꯴ꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ |
-17 |
27.0 |
1.06 |
24.9 |
0.98 |
꯳/꯴ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ |
ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.꯴꯵o ꯏꯅꯚꯥꯔꯇꯦꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯌꯔ – ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯖꯦ.꯵꯱꯲ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
MALE THREAD OD ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ PITCH |
DASH SIZE ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ |
MALE THREAD ꯑꯣ.ꯗꯤ |
FEMALE THREAD ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯗꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ꯫
|
TUBE SIZE ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ |
||
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ – ꯇꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ |
ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ |
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ |
ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ |
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ |
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ |
|
꯷/꯱꯶ – ꯲꯴ꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ |
-07 |
11.1 |
0.44 |
9.9 |
0.39 |
꯱/꯴ |
꯱/꯲ – ꯲꯰ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ |
-08 |
12.7 |
0.50 |
11.4 |
0.45 |
꯵/꯱꯶ꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ |
꯵/꯸ – ꯱꯸ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ |
-10 |
15.9 |
0.63 |
14.2 |
0.56 |
꯳/꯸ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ |
꯱꯱/꯱꯶ – ꯱꯸ꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ |
-11 |
17.5 |
0.69 |
16.0 |
0.63 |
꯷/꯱꯶ꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ |
SAE PILOT O RING SEALS ꯄꯥꯏꯂꯣꯠ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯨꯏꯚꯦꯜ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
MALE THREAD OD ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ PITCH |
DASH SIZE ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ |
MALE THREAD ꯑꯣ.ꯗꯤ |
FEMALE THREAD ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯗꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ꯫ |
TUBE SIZE ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ |
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ꯏꯟꯆꯤ – ꯇꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ |
ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ |
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ |
ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ |
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ |
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ |
|
꯵/꯸ – ꯱꯸ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ |
-10 |
15.9 |
0.63 |
14.2 |
0.56 |
-6 |
꯳/꯴ – ꯱꯸ |
-12 |
19.0 |
0.75 |
17.8 |
0.70 |
-8 |
꯷/꯸ – ꯱꯸ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯈꯤ꯫ |
-14 |
22.2 |
0.88 |
20.6 |
0.81 |
-10 |
ꯄꯥꯏꯂꯣꯠ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯁꯨꯏꯚꯦꯜ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
MALE THREAD OD ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ PITCH |
DASH SIZE ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ |
MALE THREAD ꯑꯣ.ꯗꯤ |
FEMALE THREAD ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯗꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ꯫ |
TUBE SIZE ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ |
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ꯏꯟꯆꯤ – ꯇꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ |
ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ |
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ |
ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ |
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ |
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ |
|
꯵/꯸ – ꯱꯸ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ |
-10 |
15.9 |
0.63 |
14.2 |
0.56 |
-6 |
꯳/꯴ – ꯱꯶ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ |
-12 |
19.0 |
0.75 |
17.5 |
0.69 |
-8 |
꯳/꯴ – ꯱꯶ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ |
-12 |
19.0 |
0.75 |
17.5 |
0.69 |
-8 |
ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯇꯦꯄꯔ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯀꯤ ꯖꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯄꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯇꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯇꯦꯄꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯞ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤꯂꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ:
ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯤꯆ |
DASH SIZE ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ |
MALE THREAD ꯃꯥꯏꯅꯣꯔ ꯑꯣ.ꯗꯤ |
FEMALE THREAD ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯗꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ꯫ |
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ꯏꯟꯆꯤ – ꯇꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ |
ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ |
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ |
ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ |
ꯏꯟꯆꯤ |
||
꯱/꯸ – ꯲꯷ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ |
-02 |
9.9 |
0.39 |
8.4 |
0.33 |
|
꯱/꯴ – ꯱꯸ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ |
-04 |
13.2 |
0.52 |
11.2 |
0.44 |
|
꯳/꯸ – ꯱꯸ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ |
-06 |
16.6 |
0.65 |
14.7 |
0.58 |
|
꯱/꯲ – ꯱꯴ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ |
-08 |
20.6 |
0.81 |
17.8 |
0.70 |
|
꯳/꯴ – ꯱꯴ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ |
-12 |
26.0 |
1.02 |
23.4 |
0.92 |
|
꯱ – ꯱꯱.꯱/꯲ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ |
-16 |
32.5 |
1.28 |
29.5 |
1.16 |
|
꯱.꯱/꯴ – ꯱꯱.꯱/꯲ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ |
-20 |
41.2 |
1.62 |
38.1 |
1.50 |
|
꯱.꯱/꯲ – ꯱꯱.꯱/꯲ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ |
-24 |
47.3 |
1.86 |
43.9 |
1.73 |
|
꯲ – ꯱꯱.꯱/꯲ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ |
-32 |
59.3 |
2.33 |
56.4 |
2.22 |
|
꯲.꯱/꯲ – ꯸ |
-40 |
71.5 |
2.82 |
69.1 |
2.72 |
|
꯳ – ꯸ |
-48 |
87.3 |
3.44 |
84.8 |
3.34 |
|
ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ-ꯇꯥꯏꯠ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ NPT ꯑꯦꯗꯄꯇꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯖꯒꯤ ꯍꯣꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ SAE ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ NPTꯗꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯕꯣꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ SAE ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯦꯗꯄꯇꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ NPT-ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
NPT ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯆꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡ-ꯂꯃꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:
1. ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ꯫
2. ꯇꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯆꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯟꯗꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯄꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇ ꯇꯧ꯫
3. ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ NPT ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯄꯥꯀꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ NPT ꯆꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯟꯗꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯕꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯄꯦꯇꯔꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯟꯅ-ꯇꯩꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯇꯦꯄꯔ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.)ꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯄꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
l SAE : ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ, ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔ꯫
l NPT : ꯇꯦꯄꯔ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ, ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫
ꯂꯤꯛ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯕꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯄꯔ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯔꯣꯆ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯇꯦꯄꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨ ꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ, ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯏ.(ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏꯊꯥꯏꯂꯤꯟ) ꯇꯦꯞ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤꯂꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.
l SAE : ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ
l ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ .: ꯇꯦꯄꯔ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯂꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯂꯤꯛ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ .
ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ. ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯖꯦ.꯵꯱꯴ ꯇꯨꯕ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯖꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯖꯦ.꯵꯱꯸, ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯟ.꯲꯰꯰꯶꯶, ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯣ./ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.꯶꯱꯶꯲, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯕꯤ ꯸꯳꯶꯳ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ, ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯩ꯫
ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯔꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ (ANSI/ASME B1.20.1) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯄꯔ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯗꯄꯇꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ꯫
l SAE : ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯃꯤ꯫
l NPT : ꯄ꯭ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ SAE ꯃꯦꯜ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ SAE ꯐꯤꯃꯦꯜ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯈꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ SAE J518, DIN 20066, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ISO/DIS 6162ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, O-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯞ ꯇꯧꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯜꯇ ꯁꯥꯏꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧ꯫
ANSI/ASME B1.20.1ꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ NPT ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯔꯣꯆ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯄꯔ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ PTFE ꯇꯦꯞ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯂꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ. ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯩꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ; ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯣꯡ-ꯊꯥꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ SAE J514 ꯇꯨꯕ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NPT ꯑꯦꯗꯄꯇꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯕꯣꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ NPT ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯏꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ, PTFE ꯇꯦꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁꯤꯂꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯏ.
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ:
1. ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫
2. ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
3. ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫
4. ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯀꯤ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯀꯥꯌ-ꯑꯇꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫
5. ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁꯇꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ꯫
ꯒꯥꯏꯗꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯇꯨꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ SAE ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ NPT ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯆꯣꯏꯁꯅꯥ ꯏꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇ, ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ. ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯔꯣꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.
ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯖꯦ.꯵꯱꯴ ꯇꯨꯕ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯕꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯏ-ꯑꯉꯥꯝ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ, ANSI/ASME B1.20.1ꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ NPT ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯐꯦꯔꯦꯟꯁꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫
ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯈꯅꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯁꯃꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ, ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯣꯃꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯣꯎꯅꯇꯥꯏꯝ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, SAE ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, SAE J518, DIN 20066, ISO/DIS 6162, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ JIS B 8363ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯇꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯕꯁ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ. SAE ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ NPT ꯑꯦꯗꯄꯇꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯖꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯑꯣ-ꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ.
ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤ-ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯕꯁꯨ-ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ. ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯐꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯕꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫
